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Cited by 604Physical Activity and HealthObesity, Physical Activity, DietErgonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders

Leisure time spent sitting in relation to total mortality in a prospective cohort of US adults

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Patel, A. V., Bernstein, L., Deka, A., Feigelson, H. S., Campbell, P. T., Gapstur, S. M., Colditz, G. A., Thun, M. J.·2010·American Journal of Epidemiology
DOI 10.1093/aje/kwq155PMC PMC3590043
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Abstract

The obesity epidemic is attributed in part to reduced physical activity. Evidence supports that reducing time spent sitting, regardless of activity, may improve the metabolic consequences of obesity. Analyses were conducted in a large prospective study of US adults enrolled by the American Cancer Society to examine leisure time spent sitting and physical activity in relation to mortality. Time spent sitting and physical activity were queried by questionnaire on 53,440 men and 69,776 women who were disease free at enrollment. The authors identified 11,307 deaths in men and 7,923 deaths in women during the 14-year follow-up. After adjustment for smoking, body mass index, and other factors, time spent sitting (> or = 6 vs. <3 hours/day) was associated with mortality in both women (relative risk = 1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25, 1.44) and men (relative risk = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.24). Relative risks for sitting (> or = 6 hours/day) and physical activity (<24.5 metabolic equivalent (MET)-hours/week) combined were 1.94 (95% CI: 1.70, 2.20) for women and 1.48 (95% CI: 1.33, 1.65) for men, compared with those with the least time sitting and most activity. Associations were strongest for cardiovascular disease mortality. The time spent sitting was independently associated with total mortality, regardless of physical activity level. Public health messages should include both being physically active and reducing time spent sitting.

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  • Patel et al. reported that 54.1% of older adults reported leisure-time sitting for over 3 h per day.

    “Patel et al. [15] using ACS II NC data, reported “leisure time sitting” and reported a level of 54.1% reporting over 3 h at this level, compared to 78.0% “total sitting time” found by the meta-prevalence method.”

    From Prevalence of Sedentary Behavior in Older Adults: A Systematic Review (2013) · cites this paper as [15]

  • Katzmarzyk and Lee could not assess dose-response relationships between total sitting time and mortality because the included studies used qualitative categorical or leisure-time sitting measures.

    “One study in this meta-analysis used a qualitative categorical measure of daily sitting (none of the time, 1/4 of the time, ½ the time, three-quarters of the time, all of the time)[16] while the other study measured daily leisure-time sitting[17]. Therefore, the authors could not assess dose-response relationships between total sitting time and mortality.”

    From Daily Sitting Time and All-Cause Mortality: A Meta-Analysis (2013) · cites this paper as [17]

  • Self-reported sedentary time is positively associated with mortality.

    “Previous studies have shown self-reported sedentary time to be associated with mortality”

    From Association of sedentary time with mortality independent of moderate to vigorous physical activity (2012) · cites this paper as [9]

  • In several studies, associations between sedentary behaviour and increased risks persisted even among persons active enough to meet physical activity recommendations.

    “In several studies, investigators reported on the persistence of these associations even among persons active enough to meet physical activity recommendations.[13-20]”

    From Using accelerometers to measure physical activity in large-scale epidemiological studies: issues and challenges (2014) · cites this paper as [19]

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Authors
Patel, A. V., Bernstein, L., Deka, A., Feigelson, H. S., Campbell, P. T., Gapstur, S. M., Colditz, G. A., & Thun, M. J.
Affiliations
American Cancer Society (US)
Corresponding author
Patel, A. V.
ORCID
Venue
American Journal of Epidemiology
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2010-07-22
Volume
172
Issue
4
Pages
419-429
ISSN
  • 0002-9262 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-6256
DOI
10.1093/aje/kwq155
PMC
PMC3590043
OpenAlex
W2157256041
Cited by
604
References
47
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 51 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 65 · 2014: 70 · 2013: 60 · 2012: 51
FWCI
30.38
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • American Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Kaiser Permanente
  • Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders
Keywords
sedentary behavior, sitting time, leisure, all-cause mortality, physical activity, cardiovascular mortality, obesity, metabolic equivalents, sex differences
MeSH terms
Aged, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Leisure Activities, Male, Middle Aged, Motor Activity, Obesity, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Time Factors, Exercise, Body Mass Index

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