Sedentary behaviour and cardiovascular disease: a review of prospective studies
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Current estimates from objective accelerometer data suggest that American adults are sedentary for ∼7.7 h/day. Historically, sedentary behaviour was conceptualized as one end of the physical activity spectrum but is increasingly being viewed as a behaviour distinct from physical activity. METHODS: Prospective studies examining the associations between screen time (watching television, watching videos and using a computer) and sitting time and fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) were identified. These prospective studies relied on self-reported sedentary behaviour. RESULTS: The majority of prospective studies of screen time and sitting time has shown that greater sedentary time is associated with an increased risk of fatal and non-fatal CVD. Compared with the lowest levels of sedentary time, risk estimates ranged up to 1.68 for the highest level of sitting time and 2.25 for the highest level of screen time after adjustment for a series of covariates, including measures of physical activity. For six studies of screen time and CVD, the summary hazard ratio per 2-h increase was 1.17 (95% CI: 1.13-1.20). For two studies of sitting time, the summary hazard ratio per 2-h increase was 1.05 (95% CI: 1.01-1.09). CONCLUSIONS: Future prospective studies using more objective measures of sedentary behaviour might prove helpful in quantifying better the risk between sedentary behaviour and CVD morbidity and mortality. This budding science may better shape future guideline development as well as clinical and public health interventions to reduce the amount of sedentary behaviour in modern societies.
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Reduced physical activity in individuals with PTSD likely contributes to the medical, cognitive, and neural comorbidities associated with sedentary behavior.
“which likely contributes to the medical, cognitive, and neural comorbidities associated with sedentary behavior (14–16).”
From Exercise Intervention in PTSD: A Narrative Review and Rationale for Implementation (2019) · cites this paper as [14]
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Exercise Intervention in PTSD: A Narrative Review and Rationale for Implementation
Hegberg, N. J., Hayes, J. P., & Hayes, S. M. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00133 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
“Moreover, individuals with PTSD exhibit reduced participation in regular physical activity relative to pre-PTSD time periods (13), which likely contributes to the medical, cognitive, and neural comorbidities associated with sedentary behavior (14–16).”
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Screen time and depression risk: A meta-analysis of cohort studies
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Panic disorder and exercise avoidance
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Occupational sitting time and risk of all-cause mortality among Japanese workers
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- Authors
- Ford, E. S., & Caspersen, C. J.
- Affiliations
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ford, Earl S
- Venue
- International Journal of Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2012-05-25
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1338-1353
- ISSN
- 0300-5771 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-3685
- PMC
- PMC4582407
- OpenAlex
- W2135179594
- Cited by
- 530
- References
- 78
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 72 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 47 · 2019: 44 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 46 · 2015: 52 · 2014: 47 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 4.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- International Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (CC999999)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Coffee research and impacts
- Keywords
- sedentary behavior, cardiovascular disease, screen time, sitting time, television viewing, computer use, physical activity, cardiovascular mortality, cardiovascular morbidity, prospective study
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Cardiovascular Diseases, Energy Metabolism, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Television, Time Factors, Exercise, Incidence, Prevalence, Sedentary Behavior, Self Report
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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