Television Viewing Time and Mortality: The Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab)
Abstract
Background— Television viewing time, the predominant leisure-time sedentary behavior, is associated with biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk, but its relationship with mortality has not been studied. We examined the associations of prolonged television viewing time with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and non-CVD/noncancer mortality in Australian adults. Methods and Results— Television viewing time in relation to subsequent all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality (median follow-up, 6.6 years) was examined among 8800 adults ≥25 years of age in the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab). During 58 087 person-years of follow-up, there were 284 deaths (87 CVD deaths, 125 cancer deaths). After adjustment for age, sex, waist circumference, and exercise, the hazard ratios for each 1-hour increment in television viewing time per day were 1.11 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03 to 1.20) for all-cause mortality, 1.18 (95% CI, 1.03 to 1.35) for CVD mortality, and 1.09 (95% CI, 0.96 to 1.23) for cancer mortality. Compared with a television viewing time of <2 h/d, the fully adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were 1.13 (95% CI, 0.87 to 1.36) for ≥2 to <4 h/d and 1.46 (95% CI, 1.04 to 2.05) for ≥4 h/d. For CVD mortality, corresponding hazard ratios were 1.19 (95% CI, 0.72 to 1.99) and 1.80 (95% CI, 1.00 to 3.25). The associations with both cancer mortality and non-CVD/noncancer mortality were not significant. Conclusions— Television viewing time was associated with increased risk of all-cause and CVD mortality. In addition to the promotion of exercise, chronic disease prevention strategies could focus on reducing sitting time, particularly prolonged television viewing.
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In 20,000 Australians, every additional hour of TV viewing raised all-cause death risk by 11% and CVD death risk by 18%.
“Dunstan et al. (151) found that each 1-hour increase in TV viewing time was associated with 11% and 18% increased risks of all-cause and CVD mortality, respectively, in 20,000 Australian men and women.”
From Lack of Exercise Is a Major Cause of Chronic Diseases (2012) · cites this paper as [151]
Watching more than 4 hours of TV daily versus less than 2 was linked to 46% higher all-cause and 80% higher CVD mortality, independent of smoking, blood pressure, cholesterol, diet, waist, and leisure exercise.
“all-cause and CVD mortalities increased 46% and 80%, respectively for TV viewing time >4hr/day as compared to <2 hrs/day, which were independent of smoking, blood pressure, cholesterol, diet, waist circumference, and leisure-time exercise.”
From Lack of Exercise Is a Major Cause of Chronic Diseases (2012) · cites this paper as [151]
The meta-prevalence of sitting was obtained for a total population of 372,550 compiled from seven surveys covering six countries (Australia, Canada, Norway, Spain, UK and USA).
“These results were obtained for a total population of 372,550 compiled from seven surveys covering six countries (Australia, Canada, Norway, Spain, UK and USA) [3,17,18,24,25,27,33].”
From Prevalence of Sedentary Behavior in Older Adults: A Systematic Review (2013) · cites this paper as [17]
54.2% of older adults report watching over 3 h of TV per day.
“Fifty six percent of the older population report watching over 2 h of TV per day, 54.2% report over 3 h and 15.1% report over 4 h.”
From Prevalence of Sedentary Behavior in Older Adults: A Systematic Review (2013) · cites this paper as [17]
There is little difference in sedentary behavior report by gender, with a mean difference of 1.6 ± 1.6%.
“It would appear there is little difference in report by gender (1.6 ± 1.6%) [3,17,18].”
From Prevalence of Sedentary Behavior in Older Adults: A Systematic Review (2013) · cites this paper as [17]
Fifty-six percent of older adults report watching over 2 h of TV per day.
“Fifty six percent of the older population report watching over 2 h of TV per day, 54.2% report over 3 h and 15.1% report over 4 h.”
From Prevalence of Sedentary Behavior in Older Adults: A Systematic Review (2013) · cites this paper as [17]
On average, 61.5% of females reported more than 4 h of sitting, compared with 63.5% of males.
“On average 61.5% females reported more than 4 h of sitting compared to males at 63.5% [3,17,18].”
From Prevalence of Sedentary Behavior in Older Adults: A Systematic Review (2013) · cites this paper as [17]
The average difference between genders in TV viewing report was 1.8 ± 1.4%.
“Report of TV viewing by gender was less common, the average difference between gender report was 1.8 ± 1.4% [16,17,21,23].”
From Prevalence of Sedentary Behavior in Older Adults: A Systematic Review (2013) · cites this paper as [17]
15.1% of older adults report watching over 4 h of TV per day.
“Fifty six percent of the older population report watching over 2 h of TV per day, 54.2% report over 3 h and 15.1% report over 4 h.”
From Prevalence of Sedentary Behavior in Older Adults: A Systematic Review (2013) · cites this paper as [17]
The detrimental health effect of sitting too much is independent of the person's activity level.
“The detrimental health effect of sitting too much is independent of the person’s activity level.”
From A Community-Based Physical Activity Counselling Program for People With Knee Osteoarthritis: Feasibility and Preliminary Efficacy of the Track-OA Study (2017) · cites this paper as [16]
A sedentary lifestyle is a predictor of poor health outcomes.
“Studies have indicated that a sedentary lifestyle (ie, too much sitting) is a predictor of poor health outcomes [14-18].”
From A Community-Based Physical Activity Counselling Program for People With Knee Osteoarthritis: Feasibility and Preliminary Efficacy of the Track-OA Study (2017) · cites this paper as [16]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Dunstan, D. W., Barr, E. L. M., Healy, G. N., Salmon, J., Shaw, J. E., Balkau, B., Magliano, D. J., Cameron, A. J., Zimmet, P. Z., & Owen, N.
- Affiliations
- Université Paris-Sud (FR)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 2010-01-26
- Volume
- 121
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 384-391
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- OpenAlex
- W2109444109
- Cited by
- 825
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 55 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 54 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 73 · 2014: 69 · 2013: 75 · 2012: 77
- FWCI
- 59.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Circulation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) (submittedVersion)
- Deakin Research Online (Deakin University) (submittedVersion)
- eSpace (Curtin University) (submittedVersion)
- Swinburne figshare (Swinburne University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- television viewing time, sedentary behavior, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, cancer mortality, sitting time, leisure-time physical activity, cardiometabolic risk, AusDiab
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Australia, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Obesity, Risk Factors, Television, Cohort Studies, Exercise, Risk Reduction Behavior
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