Cited by 2,637Epigenetics and DNA MethylationCancer-related molecular mechanisms researchGenomics and Chromatin Dynamics

Epigenetics in cancer

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Sharma, S., Kelly, T. K., Jones, P. A.·2010·Carcinogenesis

Abstract

Epigenetic mechanisms are essential for normal development and maintenance of tissue-specific gene expression patterns in mammals. Disruption of epigenetic processes can lead to altered gene function and malignant cellular transformation. Global changes in the epigenetic landscape are a hallmark of cancer. The initiation and progression of cancer, traditionally seen as a genetic disease, is now realized to involve epigenetic abnormalities along with genetic alterations. Recent advancements in the rapidly evolving field of cancer epigenetics have shown extensive reprogramming of every component of the epigenetic machinery in cancer including DNA methylation, histone modifications, nucleosome positioning and non-coding RNAs, specifically microRNA expression. The reversible nature of epigenetic aberrations has led to the emergence of the promising field of epigenetic therapy, which is already making progress with the recent FDA approval of three epigenetic drugs for cancer treatment. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of alterations in the epigenetic landscape that occur in cancer compared with normal cells, the roles of these changes in cancer initiation and progression, including the cancer stem cell model, and the potential use of this knowledge in designing more effective treatment strategies.

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Crossref · 10.1093/carcin/bgp220

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  • CpG islands are aberrantly hypermethylated in a subset of cancers that exhibit microsatellite instability.

    “Moreover, CpG islands are aberrantly hypermethylated in a subset of cancers that exhibit microsatellite instability (Sharma et al., 2010; You and Jones, 2012).”

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Authors
Sharma, S., Kelly, T. K., & Jones, P. A.
Affiliations
University of Southern California (US)
Corresponding author
Jones, P. A.
Venue
Carcinogenesis
Published
2009-09-13
Volume
31
Issue
1
Pages
27-36
ISSN
  • 0143-3334 (ISSN-L)
  • 1460-2180
OpenAlex
W2096330673
Cited by
2,637
References
139
Citations by year
2026: 78 · 2025: 131 · 2024: 171 · 2023: 191 · 2022: 172 · 2021: 204 · 2020: 166 · 2019: 167 · 2018: 170 · 2017: 188 · 2016: 170 · 2015: 129 · 2014: 150 · 2013: 168 · 2012: 168
FWCI
9.23
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Carcinogenesis (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Cancer Institute (CA 83867, CA 82422, R01CA083867)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
Keywords
cancer epigenetics, DNA methylation, histone modifications, nucleosome positioning, microRNA, non-coding RNA, epigenetic reprogramming, tumor initiation and progression, cancer stem cells, epigenetic therapy, epigenetic drugs
MeSH terms
Humans, Neoplasms, Neoplastic Stem Cells, MicroRNAs, Epigenesis, Genetic

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