Empathy for pain and touch in the human somatosensory cortex.
Abstract
Although feeling pain and touch has long been considered inherently private, recent neuroimaging and neurophysiological studies hint at the social implications of this experience. Here we used somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEPs) to investigate whether mere observation of painful and tactile stimuli delivered to a model would modulate neural activity in the somatic system of an onlooker. Viewing video clips showing pain and tactile stimuli delivered to others, respectively, increased and decreased the amplitude of the P45 SEP component that reflects the activity of the primary somatosensory cortex (S1). These modulations correlated with the intensity but not with the unpleasantness of the pain and touch ascribed to the model or the aversion induced in the onlooker by the video clips. Thus, modulation of S1 activity contingent upon observation of others' pain and touch may reflect the mapping of sensory qualities of observed painful and tactile stimuli. Results indicate that the S1 is not only involved in the actual perception of pain and touch but also plays an important role in extracting somatic features from social interactions.
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Most fMRI results support the idea that the empathizers' response relies upon representing the affective rather than the sensory consequences of the other's pain.
“While two TMS studies [15], [16] and a recent ERP study [17] suggested involvement of sensorimotor processing, most fMRI results support the idea that the empathizers' response relies upon representing the affective rather than the sensory consequences of the other's pain.”
From What are you feeling? Using functional magnetic resonance imaging to assess the modulation of sensory and affective responses during empathy for pain (2007) · cites this paper as [17]
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- Authors
- Bufalari, I., Aprile, T., Avenanti, A., Di Russo, F., & Aglioti, S. M.
- Affiliations
- Fondazione Santa Lucia (IT)
- Venue
- Cerebral Cortex
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2007-01-06
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 2553-2561
- ISSN
- 1047-3211 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2199
- OpenAlex
- W2163336065
- Cited by
- 395
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 35.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cerebral Cortex (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- empathy for pain, primary somatosensory cortex, social pain, aversive emotions, pain unpleasantness, sensory mapping, social interaction, somatosensory perception
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Emotions, Empathy, Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory, Female, Humans, Male, Pain, Social Behavior, Somatosensory Cortex, Touch, Visual Perception
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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