Uterine hyperperistalsis and dysperistalsis as dysfunctions of the mechanism of rapid sperm transport in patients with endometriosis and infertility
Abstract
Women suffering from infertility in association with mostly mild endometriosis were subjected to vaginal sonography of uterine peristalsis during the menstrual period, the early, mid- and late follicular phases, and the mid-luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. The data obtained were compared with those of healthy controls. Women with endometriosis displayed a marked uterine hyperperistalsis that differed significantly from the peristalsis of the controls during the early and mid-follicular and mid-luteal phases. During the late follicular phase of the cycle, uterine peristalsis in women with endometriosis became dysperistaltic, arrhythmic and convulsive in character, while in controls peristalsis continued to show long and regular cervico-fundal contractions. Hysterosalpingoscintigraphy during the early, mid- and late follicular phases revealed that hyperperistalsis in the early and mid-follicular phases of patients with endometriosis resulted in a dramatic increase in the transport of inert particles from the vaginal depot, through the uterus into the tubes and also into the peritoneal cavity. During the late follicular phase of the cycle, the dysperistalsis observed in women with endometriosis resulted in a dramatic reduction of uterine transport capacity in comparison with the healthy controls. We consider uterine hyperperistalsis to be the mechanical cause of endometriosis rather than retrograde menstruation. Dysperistalsis in the late follicular phase of patients with endometriosis may compromise rapid sperm transport. Uterine hyperperistalsis and dysperistalsis are considered to be responsible for both reduced fertility and the development of endometriosis.
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Uterine hyperperistalsis/dysperistalsis may result from archimetral hyperestrogenism.
“Third, uterine hyperperistalsis/dysperistalsis may be a result of archimetral hyperestrogenism [38,47].”
From The Pathogenesis of Adenomyosis vis-à-vis Endometriosis (2020) · cites this paper as [38]
Uterine peristalsis is critical for sperm transport, and women with endometriosis exhibit hyperperistalsis and dysperistalsis.
“In a nutshell, they showed that uterine peristalsis is critical for sperm transport, and women with endometriosis exhibit hyperperistalsis and dysperistalsis [38,39,40,41].”
From The Pathogenesis of Adenomyosis vis-à-vis Endometriosis (2020) · cites this paper as [38]
Uterine dysfunction in women with endometriosis and adenomyosis is a result of archimetral hyperestrogenism.
“It was suggested that this uterine dysfunction in women with endometriosis and adenomyosis is a result of archimetral hyperestrogenism [3, 4, 29, 33].”
From The pathophysiology of endometriosis and adenomyosis, tissue injury and repair (2009) · cites this paper as [29]
Uterine function of rapid and directed sperm transport into the dominant tube is dysfunctional in women with endometriosis and is characterized by hyper- and dysperistalsis.
“The uterine function of rapid and directed sperm transport into the ‘dominant tube’ is dysfunctional in women with endometriosis and is characterized by hyper- and dysperistalsis [27–32].”
From The pathophysiology of endometriosis and adenomyosis, tissue injury and repair (2009) · cites this paper as [29]
Intensity of uterine peristaltic activity in women with endometriosis resembles that of women during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation although peripheral estradiol levels are within normal range.
“The intensity of uterine peristaltic activity in women with endometriosis resembles that of women during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation although the peripheral estradiol levels are within the normal range [4, 29, 44].”
From The pathophysiology of endometriosis and adenomyosis, tissue injury and repair (2009) · cites this paper as [29]
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Self-citationUterine contractility and embryo implantation
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KISSLER, S., ZANGOS, S., WIEGRATZ, I., KOHL, J., RODY, A., GAETJE, R., DOEBERT, N., WILDT, L., KUNZ, G., LEYENDECKER, G., et al. (2007) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1389.036 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
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“In particular, the first mechanism would fit in well with the observations regarding retrograde seeding by Bartosik et al. (1986) and uterine dysperistalsis by Leyendecker et al. (1996), as discussed in the Introduction.”
Myomas and Adenomyosis: Impact on Reproductive Outcome
Vlahos, N., Theodoridis, T. D., & Partsinevelos, G. A. (2017) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2017/5926470 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
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“At the same time endometriosis results from the detachment of endometrial cells with a higher potential for proliferation and infiltrative growth and from their enhanced transtubal transport by uterine hyperperistalsis into the peritoneal cavity, where they implant on peritoneal surfaces [13,14].”
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Ultrasound tracking of the movement of embryo-associated air bubbles on standing after transfer
Woolcott, R. J., & Stanger, J. D. (1998) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/13.8.2107 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
“It was technically easy to perform transvaginal pelvic ultrasound in an upright position and the procedure was readily accepted by patients.”
MethodTumor necrosis factor alpha secretion by peritoneal macrophages in patients with endometriosis
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“While widely accepted, common hypotheses such as the transtubal transplantation by retrograde menstruation [12], the somatic and metaplastic theory [24], the lymphogenic or hematogenic transplantation, the autoimmune theory [3, 20, 47], as well as the transtubal transplantation of M llerian tract epithelia by the uter…”
BackgroundCine MR imaging of uterine peristalsis in patients with endometriosis
Kido, A., Togashi, K., Nishino, M., Miyake, K. K., Koyama, T., Fujimoto, R., Iwasaku, K., Fujii, S., & Hayakawa, K. (2006) · European Radiology · doi:10.1007/s00330-006-0494-9 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
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“Nevertheless, previous reports have suggested that the detection of disturbances of peristaltic pattern may identify new causal aspect(s) of infertility [1,11].”
BackgroundUterine contractions evaluated on cine MR imaging in patients with uterine leiomyomas
Nishino, M., Togashi, K., Nakai, A., Hayakawa, K., Kanao, S., Iwasaku, K., & Fujii, S. (2004) · European Journal of Radiology · doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2004.01.009 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
“The dysfunction of peristaltic movement has been postulated as the cause of a variety of gynecological and obstetrical problems including endometriosis, infertility, and pregnancy wastage [10,12,15].”
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“Investigators using vaginal sonography have described a series of abnormal uterine peristalsis forms that may be associated with the development of endometriosis [51], and retrograde menstruation has been considered a likely candidate in the pathogenesis of this disease [52].”
Development of placental abnormalities in location and anatomy
Jansen, C. H. J. R., Kastelein, A. W., Kleinrouweler, C. E., van Leeuwen, E., de Jong, K. H., Pajkrt, E., & Noorden, C. J. F. V. (2020) · Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/aogs.13834 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
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Self-citationIs there an association between septate uterus and endometriosis?
Nawroth, F., Rahimi, G., Nawroth, C., Foth, D., Ludwig, M., & Schmidt, T. (2006) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/dei344 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Redefining endometriosis: is deep endometriosis a progressive disease?
Brosens, I. A., & Brosens, J. J. (2000) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/15.1.1 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
The Patterns of Uterine Contractility in Normal Menstruating Women: From Physiology to Pathology
BULLETTI, C., DE ZIEGLER, D., SETTI, P. L., CICINELLI, E., POLLI, V., & FLAMIGNI, C. (2004) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1335.007 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
New concepts on the etiology of endometriosis
Cousins, F. L., McKinnon, B. D., Mortlock, S., Fitzgerald, H. C., Zhang, C., Montgomery, G. W., & Gargett, C. E. (2023) · Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · doi:10.1111/jog.15549 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Magnetically Bioprinted Human Myometrial 3D Cell Rings as A Model for Uterine Contractility
Souza, G. R., Tseng, H., Gage, J. A., Mani, A., Desai, P. K., Leonard, F., Liao, A., Longo, M., Refuerzo, J., & Godin, B. (2017) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms18040683 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Is the endometrium or oocyte/embryo affected in endometriosis?
Garcia-Velasco, J. A., & Arici, A. (1999) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/14.suppl_2.77 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Moon, H. S., Park, S. H., Lee, J. O., Kim, K. S., & Joo, B. S. (2004) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.02.140 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
REVIEW: The junctional zone of the uterus and its contractions
Lesny, P., & Killick, S. R. (2004) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00350.x · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Anatomy and physiology of the female pelvis: MR imaging revisited
Togashi, K., Nakai, A., & Sugimura, K. (2001) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/jmri.1120 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
“Dysfunction of peristalsis is postulated as a cause of endometriosis, infertility, and a variety of symptoms (13,14).”
BackgroundTakemura, Y., Osuga, Y., Fujimoto, A., Oi, N., Tsutsumi, R., Koizumi, M., Yano, T., & Taketani, Y. (2012) · Gynecological Endocrinology · doi:10.3109/09513590.2012.706669 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
“However, in women with endometriosis, muscular movement of the uterus is abnormally increased in implantation period [18], which may disturb the implantation of embryos in initially transplanted areas.”
BackgroundEndometriosis: harmful survival of an ectopic tissue
Garai, J. (2006) · Frontiers in bioscience · doi:10.2741/1821 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Serum oxytocin concentration during embryo transfer procedure
Dorn, C., REINSBERG, J., Schlebusch, H., et al. (1999) · European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology · doi:10.1016/s0301-2115(99)00077-9 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Tocci, A., Greco, E., & Ubaldi, F. M. (2008) · Reproductive BioMedicine Online · doi:10.1016/s1472-6483(10)60207-6 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
“unit causing a perturbation of uterine peristalsis which in turn interferes with reproductive outcome (Leyendecker et al., 1996; Fusi et al., 2006).”
BackgroundThe known, the unknown and the future of the pathophysiology of endometriosis
Ochoa Bernal, M. A., & Fazleabas, A. T. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25115815 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“…peristaltic activity, or hyperperistalsis, a mechanical trauma resulting in increased desquamation of tissue fragments of the basal endometrium [33], which could induce micro-traumatization at the endometrium–myometrium interface, activating TIAR and causing an increase in local production of…”
BackgroundManagement of Adenomyosis in Subfertile Women and Pregnancy Outcome
Jama, F. A. (2011) · Oman Medical Journal · doi:10.5001/omj.2011.43 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Kissler, S., Hamscho, N., Zangos, S., Gätje, R., Müller, A., Rody, A., Döbert, N., Menzel, C., Grünwald, F., Siebzehnrübl, E., et al. (2005) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2005.00676.x · Cited by 57 · see citing works
“Our data confirm the results of Leyendecker et al.(3) who reported a 2.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialMasuda, H., Schwab, K. E., Filby, C. E., Tan, C., Tsaltas, J., Weston, G. C., & Gargett, C. E. (2021) · Reproductive BioMedicine Online · doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2021.04.008 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Structure, Function, and Evaluation of the Female Reproductive Tract
Lessey, B. A., & Young, S. L. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-47912-7.00009-3 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Malvası, A., Cavallotti, C. A. P., Nicolardi, G., Pellegrino, M., Dell’Edera, D., Vergara, D., Gréco, M., Kumakiri, J., & Tinelli, A. (2012) · Gynecological Endocrinology · doi:10.3109/09513590.2012.708803 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
“These results agree with others that have suggested that detecting disturbances in the uterine peristaltic pattern may identify new causal aspects of infertility [35,36].”
Resultvon Wolff, M., Rösner, S., Thöne, C., et al. (2008) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.11.036 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Huang, M., Li, X., Guo, P., Yu, Z., Xu, Y., & Wei, Z. (2017) · Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology · doi:10.1186/s12958-016-0220-7 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Ultrasound and the receptivity of the endometrium
Killick, S. R. (2007) · Reproductive BioMedicine Online · doi:10.1016/s1472-6483(10)60693-1 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Endometriosis: absence of recurrence in patients after endometrial ablation
Bulletti, C., DeZiegler, D., Stefanetti, M., Cincinelli, E., Pelosi, E., & Flamigni, C. (2001) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/16.12.2676 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Oppelt, P., Renner, S. P., Strick, R., Valletta, D., Mehlhorn, G., Fasching, P. A., Beckmann, M. W., & Strissel, P. L. (2009) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.12.061 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Harada, M., Osuga, Y., Hirota, Y., Koga, K., Morimoto, C., Hirata, T., Yoshino, O., Tsutsumi, O., Yano, T., & Taketani, Y. (2005) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2004-1089 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Redefining endometriosis: Endometriosis is an entity with extreme pleiomorphism
Leyendecker, G. (2000) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/15.1.4 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Self-citationDheenadayalu, K., Mak, I., Gordts, S., Campo, R., HIGHAM, J. M., Puttemans, P., WHITE, J. O., Christian, M., Fusi, L., & Brosens, J. J. (2002) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03324-1 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Woolcott, R. J., Fisher, S., Thomas, J., & Kable, W. (1999) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00382-9 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Endometriosis and Free Radicals
Ota, H., Igarashi, S., Hatazawa, J., & Tanaka, T. (1999) · Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation · doi:10.1159/000052866 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
- Authors
- Leyendecker, G., Kunz, G., Wildt, L., Beil, D., & Deininger, H.
- Affiliations
- Klinikum Darmstadt (DE)
- Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE)
- Venue
- Human Reproduction
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1996-07-01
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1542-1551
- ISSN
- 0268-1161 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2350
- OpenAlex
- W1992297132
- Cited by
- 307
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 8.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Human Reproduction (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gynecological conditions and treatments
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Keywords
- endometriosis, infertility, uterine peristalsis, sperm transport, menstrual cycle phases, follicular phase, luteal phase, retrograde menstruation, uterine motility
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Endometriosis, Fallopian Tubes, Female, Follicular Phase, Humans, Infertility, Female, Luteal Phase, Male, Middle Aged, Radionuclide Imaging, Sperm Transport, Ultrasonography, Uterine Contraction, Uterus, Case-Control Studies
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