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Pediatric sleep: current knowledge, gaps, and opportunities for the future

Reynolds, Alexandria M, Spaeth, Andrea M, Hale, Lauren, Williamson, Ariel A, LeBourgeois, Monique K, Wong, Sachi D, Hartstein, Lauren E, Levenson, Jessica C, Kwon, Misol, Hart, Chantelle N, Greer, Ashley, Richardson, Cele E, Gradisar, Michael, Clementi, Michelle A, Simon, Stacey L, Reuter-Yuill, Lilith M, Picchietti, Daniel L, Wild, Salome, Tarokh, Leila, Sexton-Radek, Kathy, Malow, Beth A, Lenker, Kristina P, Calhoun, Susan L, Johnson, Dayna A, Lewin, Daniel, Carskadon, Mary A·2023·SLEEP
DOI 10.1093/sleep/zsad060
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Abstract

This White Paper addresses the current gaps in knowledge, as well as opportunities for future studies in pediatric sleep. The Sleep Research Society’s Pipeline Development Committee assembled a panel of experts tasked to provide information to those interested in learning more about the field of pediatric sleep, including trainees. We cover the scope of pediatric sleep, including epidemiological studies and the development of sleep and circadian rhythms in early childhood and adolescence. Additionally, we discuss current knowledge of insufficient sleep and circadian disruption, addressing the neuropsychological impact (affective functioning) and cardiometabolic consequences. A significant portion of this White Paper explores pediatric sleep disorders (including circadian rhythm disorders, insomnia, restless leg and periodic limb movement disorder, narcolepsy, and sleep apnea), as well as sleep and neurodevelopment disorders (e.g. autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). Finally, we end with a discussion on sleep and public health policy. Although we have made strides in our knowledge of pediatric sleep, it is imperative that we address the gaps to the best of our knowledge and the pitfalls of our methodologies. For example, more work needs to be done to assess pediatric sleep using objective methodologies (i.e. actigraphy and polysomnography), to explore sleep disparities, to improve accessibility to evidence-based treatments, and to identify potential risks and protective markers of disorders in children. Expanding trainee exposure to pediatric sleep and elucidating future directions for study will significantly improve the future of the field.

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Cited by

Metadata

Authors
Reynolds, A. M., Spaeth, A. M., Hale, L., Williamson, A. A., LeBourgeois, M. K., Wong, S. D., Hartstein, L. E., Levenson, J. C., Kwon, M., Hart, C. N., Greer, A., Richardson, C. E., Gradisar, M., Clementi, M. A., Simon, S. L., Reuter-Yuill, L. M., Picchietti, D. L., Wild, S., Tarokh, L., Sexton-Radek, K., Malow, B. A., Lenker, K. P., Calhoun, S. L., Johnson, D. A., Lewin, D., & Carskadon, M. A.
Affiliations
  • Department of Psychology , University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC , USA
  • Department of Kinesiology and Health , Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ , USA
  • Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine , Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY , USA
  • Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA , USA
  • Department of Integrative Physiology , University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO , USA
  • Department of Psychiatry , University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA , USA
  • Division of Sleep Medicine , University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, PA , USA
  • The Center for Obesity Research and Education , College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA , USA
  • School of Psychological Science , University of Western Australia, Perth, WA , Australia
  • Sleep Cycle AB , Gothenburg , Sweden
  • Clinical Sciences , School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO , USA
  • Comprehensive Speech and Therapy Center , Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI , USA
  • University of Illinois School of Medicine , Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Carle Foundation Hospital, and University of Illinois School of Medicine, Urbana, IL , USA
  • Translational Research Center , University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern , Switzerland
  • Division of the Social Sciences , Elmhurst University, Elmhurst, IL , USA
  • Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics , Burry Chair in Cognitive Childhood Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN , USA
  • Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health , Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA , USA
  • Department of Epidemiology , Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA , USA
  • Department of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine , Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC , USA
  • Bradley Hospital Sleep Lab , Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI , USA
ORCID
Venue
SLEEP
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2023-03-06
Volume
46
Issue
7
ISSN
  • 0161-8105
  • 1550-9109
DOI
10.1093/sleep/zsad060
Cited by
68
References
42
Language
en
Licence
academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights (vor)
Funders
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences
  • National Institutes of Health (P20GM139743)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (K23HD087433)

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

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Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.