Ten-Year Research Update Review: Child Sexual Abuse

PUTNAM, FRANK W.

doi:10.1097/00004583-200303000-00006

Cited by 1,488Child Abuse and TraumaPsychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual OffendingMilitary, Security, and Education Studies

Ten-Year Research Update Review: Child Sexual Abuse

PUTNAM, FRANK W.·2003·Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry

DOI 10.1097/00004583-200303000-00006

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE To provide clinicians with current information on prevalence, risk factors, outcomes, treatment, and prevention of child sexual abuse (CSA). To examine the best-documented examples of psychopathology attributable to CSA. METHOD Computer literature searches of and for key words. All English-language articles published after 1989 containing empirical data pertaining to CSA were reviewed. RESULTS CSA constitutes approximately 10% of officially substantiated child maltreatment cases, numbering approximately 88,000 in 2000. Adjusted prevalence rates are 16.8% and 7.9% for adult women and men, respectively. Risk factors include gender, age, disabilities, and parental dysfunction. A range of symptoms and disorders has been associated with CSA, but depression in adults and sexualized behaviors in children are the best-documented outcomes. To date, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) of the child and a nonoffending parent is the most effective treatment. Prevention efforts have focused on child education to increase awareness and home visitation to decrease risk factors. CONCLUSIONS CSA is a significant risk factor for psychopathology, especially depression and substance abuse. Preliminary research indicates that CBT is effective for some symptoms, but longitudinal follow-up and large-scale "effectiveness" studies are needed. Prevention programs have promise, but evaluations to date are limited.

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Some youth may overcome severe childhood maltreatment such as sexual abuse or assault without apparent symptoms.
“Indeed, a host of studies suggest that even in the face of severe forms of childhood maltreatment such as sexual abuse or assault, some youth may overcome these traumatic experiences without apparent symptoms (Daigneault et al. 2007b; Kendall-Tackett et al. 1993; Putnam 2003; Hébert et al. 2014).”
From Mindfulness as Mediator and Moderator of Post-traumatic Symptomatology in Adolescence Following Childhood Sexual Abuse or Assault (2016) · cites this paper as Putnam 2003

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“Major depression and dysthymia have been strongly associated with CSA in numerous studies (e.g., see reviews by Beitchman et al., 1992; Neumann et al., 1996; Paolucci et al., 2001; Polusny and Follette, 1995).”
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Authors: PUTNAM, F. W.
Affiliations: Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author: PUTNAM, FRANK W.
Venue: Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2003-03
Volume: 42
Issue: 3
Pages: 269-278
ISSN: 0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/00004583-200303000-00006
OpenAlex: W1996049514
Cited by: 1,488
References: 119
Citations by year: 2026: 19 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 51 · 2022: 55 · 2021: 73 · 2020: 88 · 2019: 64 · 2018: 74 · 2017: 70 · 2016: 86 · 2015: 124 · 2014: 110 · 2013: 104 · 2012: 80
FWCI: 37.86
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee) (publishedVersion)
Computers, materials & continua/Computers, materials & continua (Print)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Military, Security, and Education Studies
Keywords: child sexual abuse, prevalence, risk factors, psychopathology, depression, substance abuse, cognitive behavioral therapy, abuse treatment, prevention programs, children's education, home visits, parental dysfunction, child abuse
MeSH terms: Awareness, Child, Child Abuse, Sexual, Child, Preschool, Major Depressive Disorder, Family Characteristics, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Risk Factors, Sexual Behavior, Prevalence, Intergenerational Relations

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Ten-Year Research Update Review: Child Sexual Abuse

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