Length of Time Between Onset of Childhood Sexual Abuse and Emergence of Depression in a Young Adult Sample: A Retrospective Clinical Report
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: Depression is the most common adult outcome of exposure to childhood sexual abuse (CSA). In this study, we retrospectively assessed the length of time from initial abuse exposure to onset of a major depressive episode. METHOD: A community-based survey of childhood experiences in 564 young adults aged 18 to 22 years, conducted between 1997 and 2001, identified 29 right-handed female subjects with CSA but no other exposure to trauma. Subjects were interviewed for lifetime history and age at onset of Axis I disorders using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders. RESULTS: Sixty-two percent (N = 18) of the sexual abuse sample met full lifetime criteria for major depressive disorder. Episodes of depression emerged a mean +/- SD of 9.2 +/- 3.6 years after onset of exposure to sexual abuse. Mean survival time from onset of abuse to onset of depression for the entire sample was 11.47 years (95% CI = 9.80 to 13.13 years). There was a surge in new cases between 12 and 15 years of age. Mean +/- SD time to onset of posttraumatic stress disorder was 8.0 +/- 3.9 years. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to CSA appears to sensitize women to the development of depression and to shift age at onset to early adolescence. Findings from this formative study suggest that clinicians should not interpret the absence of symptoms at the time of CSA as a sign of resilience. Continued monitoring of victims of CSA as they pass through puberty is recommended. Reasons for the time lag between CSA and depression are proposed along with potential strategies for early intervention.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Peripuberty is a particularly vulnerable window for the impact of abuse on long-term psychiatric and health consequences.
“as peripuberty is a particularly vulnerable window for the impact of abuse on long-term psychiatric and health consequences.(44,45)”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Merikangas, K. R., & Walters, E. E. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.593 · Cited by 20,391 · see citing works
Felitti, V. J., Anda, R. F., Nordenberg, D., Williamson, D. F., Spitz, A. M., Edwards, V., Koss, M. P., & Marks, J. S. (1998) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(98)00017-8 · Cited by 18,943 · see citing works
Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene
Caspi, A., Sugden, K., Moffitt, T. E., Taylor, A., Craig, I. W., Harrington, H., McClay, J., Mill, J., Martin, J., Braithwaite, A., et al. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1083968 · Cited by 8,120 · see citing works
Prevalence and development of psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence
Costello, E. J., Mustillo, S., Erkanli, A., Keeler, G., & Angold, A. (2003) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.60.8.837 · Cited by 4,035 · see citing works
Liu, D., Diorio, J., Tannenbaum, B., Caldji, C., Francis, D., Freedman, A., Sharma, S., Pearson, D., Plotsky, P. M., & Meaney, M. J. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.277.5332.1659 · Cited by 3,170 · see citing works
Chronic antidepressant treatment increases neurogenesis in adult rat hippocampus
Malberg, J. E., Eisch, A. J., Nestler, E. J., & Duman, R. S. (2000) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.20-24-09104.2000 · Cited by 3,111 · see citing works
Exercise: a behavioral intervention to enhance brain health and plasticity
Cotman, C. (2002) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(02)02143-4 · Cited by 2,739 · see citing works
Hankin, B. L., Abramson, L. Y., Moffitt, T. E., Silva, P. A., McGee, R., & Angell, K. E. (1998) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.107.1.128 · Cited by 2,333 · see citing works
Dube, S. R., Felitti, V. J., Dong, M., Chapman, D. P., Giles, W. H., & Anda, R. F. (2003) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.111.3.564 · Cited by 2,333 · see citing works
Dube, S. R., Anda, R. F., Felitti, V. J., Chapman, D. P., Williamson, D. F., & Giles, W. H. (2001) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.286.24.3089 · Cited by 2,296 · see citing works
Adverse childhood experiences and the risk of depressive disorders in adulthood
Chapman, D. P., Whitfield, C. L., Felitti, V. J., Dube, S. R., Edwards, V. J., & Anda, R. F. (2004) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2003.12.013 · Cited by 2,267 · see citing works
Epidemiology of women and depression
Kessler, R. (2003) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(02)00426-3 · Cited by 2,006 · see citing works
Kilpatrick, D. G., Ruggiero, K. J., Acierno, R., Saunders, B. E., Resnick, H. S., & Best, C. L. (2003) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.71.4.692 · Cited by 1,590 · see citing works
Trajectories of brain development: point of vulnerability or window of opportunity?
Andersen, S. L. (2003) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(03)00005-8 · Cited by 1,503 · see citing works
Self-citationTen-Year Research Update Review: Child Sexual Abuse
PUTNAM, F. W. (2003) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200303000-00006 · Cited by 1,488 · see citing works
An <i>in vivo</i> correlate of exercise-induced neurogenesis in the adult dentate gyrus
Pereira, A. C., Huddleston, D. E., Brickman, A. M., Sosunov, A. A., Hen, R., McKhann, G. M., Sloan, R., Gage, F. H., Brown, T. R., & Small, S. A. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0611721104 · Cited by 1,353 · see citing works
Bremner, J. D., Randall, P., Vermetten, E., Staib, L., Bronen, R. A., Mazure, C., Capelli, S., McCarthy, G., Innis, R. B., & Charney, D. S. (1997) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(96)00162-x · Cited by 1,283 · see citing works
Childhood trauma in borderline personality disorder.
Herman, J., Perry, J., & van der Kolk, B. A. (1989) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.146.4.490 · Cited by 1,277 · see citing works
Kendler, K. S., Bulik, C. M., Silberg, J., Hettema, J. M., Myers, J., & Prescott, C. A. (2000) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.57.10.953 · Cited by 1,259 · see citing works
Stress, sensitive periods and maturational events in adolescent depression
Andersen, S. L., & Teicher, M. H. (2008) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2008.01.004 · Cited by 1,005 · see citing works
Self-citationDevelopmental traumatology part II: brain development∗∗See accompanying Editorial, in this issue.
De Bellis, M. D., Keshavan, M. S., Clark, D. B., Casey, B. J., Giedd, J. N., Boring, A. M., Frustaci, K., & Ryan, N. D. (1999) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00045-1 · Cited by 974 · see citing works
Meaney, M. J., & Szyf, M. (2005) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2005.7.2/mmeaney · Cited by 958 · see citing works
Hippocampal volume in women victimized by childhood sexual abuse
STEIN, M. B., KOVEROLA, C., HANNA, C., TORCHIA, M. G., & McCLARTY, B. (1997) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291797005242 · Cited by 924 · see citing works
Childhood trauma associated with smaller hippocampal volume in women with major depression
Vythilingam, M., Heim, C., Newport, J., Miller, A. H., Anderson, E., Bronen, R., Brummer, M., Staib, L., Vermetten, E., Charney, D. S., et al. (2002) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.159.12.2072 · Cited by 812 · see citing works
Social supports and serotonin transporter gene moderate depression in maltreated children
Kaufman, J., Yang, B., Douglas-Palumberi, H., Houshyar, S., Lipschitz, D. S., Krystal, J. H., & Gelernter, J. E. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0404376101 · Cited by 801 · see citing works
Andersen, S. L., Tomada, A., Vincow, E. S., Valente, E., Polcari, A., & Teicher, M. H. (2008) · The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1176/jnp.2008.20.3.292 · Cited by 788 · see citing works
Self-citationEffects of adverse experiences for brain structure and function
McEwen, B. S. (2000) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(00)00964-1 · Cited by 639 · see citing works
Sticks, stones, and hurtful words: relative effects of various forms of childhood maltreatment
Teicher, M. H., Samson, J. A., Polcari, A., & McGreenery, C. E. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2006.163.6.993 · Cited by 634 · see citing works
Self-citationDe Bellis, M. D., Keshavan, M. S., Shifflett, H., Iyengar, S., Beers, S. R., Hall, J., & Moritz, G. (2002) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01459-2 · Cited by 632 · see citing works
Driessen, M., Herrmann, J., Stahl, K., Zwaan, M., Meier, S., Hill, A., Osterheider, M., & Petersen, D. (2000) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.57.12.1115 · Cited by 562 · see citing works
The diagnostic interview for borderline patients
Gunderson, J. G., Kolb, J. E., & Austin, V. (1981) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.138.7.896 · Cited by 521 · see citing works
Weaver, I. C. G., D'Alessio, A. C., Brown, S. E., Hellstrom, I. C., Dymov, S., Sharma, S., Szyf, M., & Meaney, M. J. (2007) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4164-06.2007 · Cited by 508 · see citing works
Attenuation of frontal asymmetry in pediatric posttraumatic stress disorder
Carrion, V. G., Weems, C. F., Eliez, S., Patwardhan, A., Brown, W., Ray, R. D., & Reiss, A. L. (2001) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01218-5 · Cited by 400 · see citing works
Gladstone, G. L., Parker, G. B., Mitchell, P. B., Malhi, G. S., Wilhelm, K. A., & Austin, M. (2004) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.8.1417 · Cited by 365 · see citing works
Delayed Effects of Early Stress on Hippocampal Development
Andersen, S. L., & Teicher, M. H. (2004) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1300528 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Self-citationHippocampal and Amygdalar Volumes in Dissociative Identity Disorder
Vermetten, E., Schmahl, C., Lindner, S., Loewenstein, R. J., & Bremner, J. D. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2006.163.4.630 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
A new animal model of endogenous depression: A summary of present findings
VOGEL, G., Neill, D. B., Hagler, M. K., & Kors, D. (1990) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(05)80164-2 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Bredy, T. W., Zhang, T. Y., Grant, R. J., Diorio, J., & Meaney, M. J. (2004) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03599.x · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Wise, L. A., Zierler, S., Krieger, N., & Harlow, B. L. (2001) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(01)06072-x · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Smythe, J. W., Rowe, W. B., & Meaney, M. J. (1994) · Developmental Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0165-3806(94)90103-1 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Bremner, J., Steinberg, M., Southwick, S., Johnson, D. R., & Charney, D. S. (1993) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.150.7.1011 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Developmental vulnerabilities to the onset and course of bipolar disorder
Post, R. M., Leverich, G. S., Xing, G., & Weiss, S. R. B. (2001) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579401003091 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Instruments for the Assessment of Childhood Trauma in Adults
Roy, C. A., & Perry, J. C. (2004) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/01.nmd.0000126701.23121.fa · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Heffernan, K., & Cloître, M. (2000) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-200009000-00005 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Lifetime prevalence and age of onset of psychiatric disorders: Recall 4 years later
Prusoff, B. A., Merikangas, K. R., & Weissman, M. M. (1988) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3956(88)90075-1 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Buspirone: An Update on a Unique Anxiolytic Agent
Jann, M. W. (1988) · Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy · doi:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1988.tb03543.x · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Does sexual violence contribute to elevated rates of anxiety and depression in females?
Fergusson, D. M., Swain, N., & Horwood, L. J. (2002) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291702005986 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Relationship between learning, stress and hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor
Scaccianoce, S., Bianco, P. D., Caricasole, A., Nicoletti, F., & Catalani, A. (2003) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(03)00514-1 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Differences in behavior and monoamine laterality following neonatal clomipramine treatment
Andersen, S. L., Dumont, N. L., & Teicher, M. H. (2002) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.10055 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Self-citationReliability of self-reported age at onset of major depression
Farrer, L. A., Florio, L. P., BRUCE, M. L., Leaf, P. J., & Weissman, M. M. (1989) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3956(89)90015-0 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Donald, M., & Dower, J. (2002) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1111/j.1467-842x.2002.tb00366.x · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Teicher, M. H., & Samson, J. A. (2013) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.12070957 · Cited by 1,050 · see citing works
Self-citationMcCrory, E. J., Gerin, M. I., & Viding, E. (2017) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12713 · Cited by 402 · see citing works
Andersen, S. L., & Teicher, M. H. (2009) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.09.009 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Self-citationEpigenetics at the crossroads between genes, environment and resilience in anxiety disorders
Schiele, M. A., & Domschke, K. (2018) · Genes, Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1111/gbb.12423 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Reduced nucleus accumbens reactivity and adolescent depression following early-life stress
Goff, B., Gee, D. G., Telzer, E. H., Humphreys, K. L., Gabard-Durnam, L., Flannery, J., & Tottenham, N. (2013) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.12.010 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Khan, A., McCormack, H., Bolger, E. A., McGreenery, C. E., Vitaliano, G. D., Polcari, A. M., & Teicher, M. H. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00042 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Self-citationEarly life stress alters transcriptomic patterning across reward circuitry in male and female mice
Peña, C. J., Smith, M., Ramakrishnan, A., Cates, H. M., Bagot, R. C., Kronman, H. G., Patel, B., Chang, A. B., Purushothaman, I., Dudley, J., et al. (2019) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-13085-6 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Childhood adversities in relation to psychiatric disorders
Pietrek, C., Elbert, T. R., Weierstall, R., Müller, O. J., & Rockstroh, B. S. (2012) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2012.11.003 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Ganguly, P., & Brenhouse, H. C. (2015) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2014.07.001 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Huh, H., Kim, S.-Y., Yu, J. J., & Chae, J. (2014) · Annals of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12991-014-0026-y · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Radtke, K. M., Schauer, M., Gunter, H. M., Ruf-Leuschner, M., Sill, J., Meyer, A., & Elbert, T. (2015) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2015.63 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Holland, F. H., Ganguly, P., Potter, D. N., Chartoff, E. H., & Brenhouse, H. C. (2014) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2014.02.023 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Effects of childhood trauma on somatization in major depressive disorder: the role of alexithymia
Güleç, M. Y., Altintaş, M., İnanç, L., Bezgin, Ç. H., Koca, E. K., & Güleç, H. (2013) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2012.06.033 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Andersen, S. L. (2015) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579415000103 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Self-citationChildhood sexual abuse and adolescent substance use: A latent class analysis
Shin, S. H., Hong, H. G., & Hazen, A. L. (2010) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.01.013 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Grassi-Oliveira, R., Honeycutt, J. A., Holland, F. H., Ganguly, P., & Brenhouse, H. C. (2016) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.04.016 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Leussis, M. P., Freund, N., Brenhouse, H. C., Thompson, B. S., & Andersen, S. L. (2012) · Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1159/000339162 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Self-citationStress, sensitive periods, and substance abuse
Andersen, S. L. (2019) · Neurobiology of Stress · doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2018.100140 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Self-citationWieck, A., Andersen, S. L., & Brenhouse, H. C. (2012) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2012.11.012 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Self-citationThe prevalence of childhood trauma in psychiatric outpatients
Devi, F., Shahwan, S., Teh, W. L., Sambasivam, R., Zhang, Y. J., Lau, Y. W., Ong, S. H., Fung, D. S. S., Gupta, B., Chong, S. A., et al. (2019) · Annals of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12991-019-0239-1 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Manzano-Nieves, G., Bravo, M., Baskoylu, S. N., & Bath, K. (2020) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.55263 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Epigenetics: A missing link between early life stress and depression
Juruena, M. F., Gadelrab, R., Cleare, A. J., & Young, A. H. (2020) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110231 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Pechtel, P., & Pizzagalli, D. A. (2013) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.728 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Brenhouse, H., Lukkes, J., & Andersen, S. (2013) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci3010143 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationNeuroinflammation, Early-Life Adversity, and Brain Development
Andersen, S. L. (2022) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/hrp.0000000000000325 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationLife Course Epidemiology of Trauma and Related Psychopathology in Civilian Populations
Fink, D. S., & Galea, S. (2015) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-015-0566-0 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Andersen, S. L. (2016) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.07.012 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Self-citationNeuroimmune Impacts of Early-Life Stress on Development and Psychopathology
Brenhouse, H. C., Danese, A., & Grassi‐Oliveira, R. (2018) · Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2018_53 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Tracy, M., Salo, M., Slopen, N. B., Udo, T., & Appleton, A. A. (2019) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22887 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Sciolla, A., Glover, D. A., Loeb, T. B., Zhang, M., Myers, H. F., & Wyatt, G. E. (2011) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e31822142ac · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Ganguly, P., Holland, F. H., & Brenhouse, H. C. (2015) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2015.134 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Bath, K. G., Russo, S. J., Pleil, K. E., Wohleb, E. S., Duman, R. S., & Radley, J. J. (2017) · Neurobiology of Stress · doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2017.05.001 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Dohm, K., Redlich, R., Zwitserlood, P., & Dannlowski, U. (2016) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867416661426 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Jadhav, K. S., & Boutrel, B. (2018) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.14316 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Kiser, L. J., Stover, C. S., Navalta, C. P., Dorado, J. S., Vogel, J. M., Abdul-Adil, J. K., Kim, S., Lee, R. C., Vivrette, R. L., & Briggs, E. C. (2014) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.02.017 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Freund, N., Thompson, B. S., DeNormandie, J., Vaccarro, K., & Andersen, S. L. (2013) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.06.066 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Self-citationLukkes, J. L., Meda, S., Thompson, B. S., Freund, N., & Andersen, S. L. (2017) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2017.04.053 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationHofmann, A., Hilgers, A., Lehnung, M., Liebermann, P., Ostacoli, L., Schneider, W., & Hase, M. (2014) · Journal of EMDR Practice and Research · doi:10.1891/1933-3196.8.3.103 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Rojas‐Carvajal, M., Sequeira‐Cordero, A., & Brenes, J. C. (2021) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.15160 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Gaysina, D., Hotopf, M. H., Richards, M., Colman, I., Kuh, D. J., & Hardy, R. (2010) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291710000346 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Brenhouse, H. C., & Bath, K. G. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2019.100768 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Associations between Mental Health, Substance Use, and Sexual Abuse Experiences among Latinas
Ulibarri, M. D., Ulloa, E. C., & Salazar, M. M. (2015) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1080/10538712.2015.976303 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Andersen, S. L., & Navalta, C. P. (2011) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02376.x · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Self-citationFuller‐Thomson, E., Lacombe‐Duncan, A., Goodman, D., Fallon, B., & Brennenstuhl, S. (2019) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-019-01767-x · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Predicting Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Survivors of Recent Interpersonal Violence
Morris, M. C., Sánchez‐Sáez, F., Bailey, B., Hellman, N. M., Williams, A., Schumacher, J. A., & Rao, U. (2020) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260520978195 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Gee, D. G., Sisk, L. M., Cohodes, E. M., & Bryce, N. V. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33416-4 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
A place and space to survive: A dance/movement therapy program for childhood sexual abuse survivors
Ho, R. (2015) · The Arts in Psychotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.aip.2015.09.004 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Lukkes, J. L., Norman, K. J., Meda, S., & Andersen, S. L. (2015) · Synapse · doi:10.1002/syn.21882 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationJeon, H. J., Kang, E., Lee, E. H., Jeong, E.-G., Jeon, J.-R., Mischoulon, D., & Lee, D. (2012) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.04.006 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Münzer, A., Fegert, J. M., & Goldbeck, L. (2016) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1080/10538712.2016.1137667 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Sergentanis, T. Ν., Sakelliadis, E. I., Vlachodimitropoulos, D. G., Goutas, N. D., Sergentanis, I. N., Spiliopoulou, C., & Papadodima, S. A. (2014) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.10.019 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Teicher, M. H., Ohashi, K., & Khan, A. (2020) · Adversity and Resilience Science · doi:10.1007/s42844-020-00002-w · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationAndersen, E., Geiger, P., Schiller, C., Bluth, K., Watkins, L., Zhang, Y., Xia, K., Tauseef, H., Leserman, J., Girdler, S., et al. (2021) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000889 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Droplets of black bile? Development of vulnerability and resilience to depression in young age
Harro, J., & Kiive, E. (2010) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2010.02.009 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
History of Sexual Trauma and Recent HIV-Risk Behaviors of Community-Recruited Substance Using Women
Johnson, S., Cottler, L. B., Abdallah, A. B., & O’Leary, C. C. (2010) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-010-9752-6 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Thornton, J. L., Everett, N. A., Webb, P., Turner, A. J., Cornish, J. L., & Baracz, S. J. (2021) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110279 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The intersection of intimate partner violence and childhood sexual abuse in mother-child dyads
Langevin, R., Hébert, M., & Wallace, A. (2021) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105218 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Lukkes, J. L., Meda, S., Norman, K. J., & Andersen, S. L. (2018) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.02.005 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationEmerging ecophenotype: reward anticipation is linked to high-risk behaviours after sexual abuse
Pechtel, P., Harris, J. R., Karl, A., Clunies-Ross, C., Bower, S., Moberly, N. J., Pizzagalli, D. A., & Watkins, E. R. (2022) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsac030 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Early Life Circumstances as Contributors to HIV Infection
Siegel, K., Lekas, H., Ramjohn, D., Schrimshaw, E. W., & VanDevanter, N. (2014) · Social Work in Health Care · doi:10.1080/00981389.2014.931321 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Tomoda, A., Nishitani, S., Matsuura, N., Fujisawa, T. X., Kawatani, J., Toyohisa, D., Ono, M., & Shinohara, K. (2013) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-13-134 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Surkin, P. N., Brenhouse, H. C., Terrence Deak, B., Liberman, A. C., & Lasaga, M. (2018) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/jne.12602 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Evaluation of Perceived Sexual Functioning in Women with Serious Mental Illnesses
Matevosyan, N. R. (2010) · Sexuality and Disability · doi:10.1007/s11195-010-9166-4 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Increasing CB2 Receptor Activity after Early Life Stress Prevents Depressive Behavior in Female Rats
Andersen, S. L. (2024) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom14040464 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationPatrick, V., Critchfield, E. A., Vaccaro, T., & Campbell, J. (2011) · Military Medicine · doi:10.7205/milmed-d-09-00276 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Malthaner, L., McLeigh, J. D., Knell, G., Jetelina, K. K., Atem, F., & Messiah, S. E. (2024) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106998 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Mahdavinoor, S. M. M., Moghimi, B. D., Mollaei, A., Teimouri, M., Yarandi, M. S. A., Nasab, P. L., & Rafiee, M. H. (2025) · Middle East Current Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s43045-025-00517-x · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Childhood Trauma in Depressive Disorders
Aas, M., & Étain, B. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-49414-8_9 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Stress and Reward: A Multimodal Assessment of Resilience after Childhood Sexual Abuse
Pechtel, P., Belleau, E. L., Kaiser, R. H., Whitton, A. E., Beltzer, M., Clegg, R. A., Goer, F., Vitaliano, G. D., Teicher, M. H., & Pizzagalli, D. A. (2022) · Neurobiology of Stress · doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2022.100498 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationForum, D. M. K., Bjerregaard, C., & Thomsen, P. H. (2025) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039488.2024.2436987 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Adžić, M., Glavonic, E., Nesic, M. J., Milosavljevic, M., Mihaljevic, M. M., Petrovic, Z., Pavlović, Z., Brkic, Z., Francija, E., Soldatović, I., et al. (2018) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.12.011 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
State of the Science: Group Therapy Interventions for Sexually Abused Children
Miffitt, L. A. (2013) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2013.09.004 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Life Adversity, Social Support, Resilience, and College Student Mental Health
Mello, J. (2016) · ScholarWorks (Central Washington University) · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Weber, S., Landolt, M. A., Maier, T., Mohler‐Kuo, M., Schnyder, U., & Jud, A. (2016) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.12.015 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Ontogenetic Perspectives on the Neurobiological Basis of Psychopathology Following Abuse and Neglect
Seraphin, S. B., Teicher, M. H., Rabi, K., Sheu, Y.-S., Andersen, S. L., Anderson, C. M., Choi, J., & Tomoda, A. (2010) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511711879.028 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationGrant Report on the Effects of Childhood Maltreatment on Neurocircuitry in Adolescent Depression
Gillespie, M. L., & Rao, U. (2020) · Journal of Psychiatry and Brain Science · doi:10.20900/jpbs.20200016 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Hutson, L. M., Dan, R., Brown, A. R., Esfand, S. M., Ruberto, V. L., Johns, E., Null, K. E., Ohashi, K., Khan, A., Du, F., et al. (2024) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329172400268x · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationUnderstanding the Mental Health of Child Sexual Abuse Survivors in Real and Reel Life
Kolla, S., & Rao, S. N. (2024) · National Journal of Community Medicine · doi:10.55489/njcm.150820244108 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Ettore, É., Lindsay, H., Tröger, J., Balážia, M., Benoît, M., Robert, P. H., Postin, D., Hurlemann, R., & König, A. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.119769 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Impact of Health Status on Health Care Utilization of Children in Foster Care
McLeigh, J. D., Singh, G., & Huang, R. (2024) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/dbp.0000000000001302 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Maximizing the reach of universal child sexual abuse prevention: Protocol for an equivalence trial
Guastaferro, K., Melchior, M., Heng, S., Trudeau, J., & Holloway, J. L. (2024) · Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications · doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2024.101345 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Varying Forms of Childhood Sexual Abuse and Late-Life Depression Among Older Adults Living with HIV
Brown, M. J., Osinubi, M. O., Kaur, A., Addo, P. N. O., Amoatika, D. A., Owiredu, D., Crouch, E. L., & Cohen, S. A. (2025) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-025-04920-7 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Ha, H., & Shim, E. (2026) · Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/00332747.2025.2609251 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Lynch, A., Brenhouse, H. C., & Breton, J. (2026) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2026.105902 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Mancinelli, E., Gemignani, M., Musetti, A., Gagliardini, G., Bassi, G., Chirico, I., Gizzi, G., Landi, G., Volpato, E., & Moretta, T. (2026) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2026.105099 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Li, R., Huo, J., Ping, J., Wan, J., Ren, X., Zhu, S., Luo, A., & Jiang, T. (2026) · ALPHA PSYCHIATRY · doi:10.31083/ap48228 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The LAC Study: Chronic Depression and Relationship to Childhood Trauma
Leuzinger-Bohleber, M. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-68932-2_7 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Andersen, S. L., & Fishbein, D. H. (2022) · Prevention Science · doi:10.1007/s11121-022-01477-y · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationDrohan, M. A. (2011) · ProQuest Demo Repository
In This Issue/Abstract Thinking: Back to the Future
Singh, M. K. (2011) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2010.12.011
Worthman, C. M. (2010) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511711879.024
Laine, A. (2013) · Doria (University of Helsinki)
Negele, A., Kaufhold, J., Bahrke, U., Kallenbach, L., Ernst, M., & Leuzinger‐Bohleber, M. (2017) · Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht eBooks · doi:10.13109/9783666402845.279
Nieves, G. M., Bravo, M., & Bath, K. (2020) · bioRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.01.07.892687
Stress and Reward: A Multimodal Assessment of Resilience after Childhood Sexual AbusePreprint
Pechtel, P., Belleau, E. L., Kaiser, R. H., Whitton, A. E., Beltzer, M., Clegg, R. A., Goer, F., Vitaliano, G. D., Teicher, M. H., & Pizzagalli, D. A. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4090307
Self-citationConsequences of Sexual Grooming
Winters, G. M., & Jeglic, E. L. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-07222-2_4
Tehrani, N. (2024) · Occupational Psychology Outlook · doi:10.53841/bpsopo.2024.3.1.44
Folgen des sexuellen Groomings
Winters, G. M., & Jeglic, E. L. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-73131-0_4
Cross‐Sectional, Longitudinal, and Retrospective Designs
Saini, E. K., & Teti, D. M. (2026) · doi:10.1002/9781119880851.ch1
Dunn, E. C., Cheng, T. W., Zhu, Y.-W., Lussier, A., Thompson, K. N., Smith, A. D. A. C., Tiemeier, H., & Susser, E. (2026) · Journal of mood and anxiety disorders · doi:10.1016/j.xjmad.2026.100171
- Authors
- Teicher, M. H., Samson, J. A., Polcari, A., & Andersen, S. L.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc
- Published
- 2009-04-07
- Volume
- 70
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 684-691
- ISSN
- 0160-6689 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4266432
- OpenAlex
- W2101101620
- Cited by
- 100
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 6.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01da017846-14, 5r01mh053636-04)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01 MH53636, R01MH066222)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA-017846)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Military, Security, and Education Studies
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies
- Keywords
- child sexual abuse, depression, major depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, age of onset, young women, puberty, early intervention
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Child Abuse, Sexual, Demography, Major Depressive Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Major, Female, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Retrospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Time Factors, Age of Onset, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
