Relationships of Work and Practice Environment to Professional Burnout: Testing a Causal Model
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Research has established clear links between nurses' experience of professional burnout and many qualities of work environments but more work is needed to clarify interrelationships among aspects of complex organizational settings. OBJECTIVE: To test a nursing worklife model that defined structured relationships among professional practice environment qualities and burnout. METHODS: Hospital-based nurses in Canada (N = 8,597) completed an assessment of worklife (Nursing Work Index, NWI) and burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Scale, MBI-HSS). RESULTS: A causal model was used to confirm the factor structure of the Professional Environment Scale (NWI-PES) on a subset of NWI items and the factor structure of the MBI-HSS. The analysis provided support for a structural model (nursing worklife model) linking the five worklife factors used to define a fundamental role for nursing leadership in determining the quality of worklife regarding policy involvement, staffing levels, support for a nursing model of care, and physician-nurse relationships. The analysis supported a direct path (negatively weighted) from staffing to emotional exhaustion and a direct path (positively weighted) from nursing model of care to personal accomplishment. DISCUSSION: Implications for refining a model of worklife are discussed. Implications for enhancing the quality of worklife and supporting engagement with work are considered.
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Positive nurse-physician collaborations predict Personal Accomplishment.
“Leiter and Laschinger, who found that positive nurse-physician collaborations predicted Personal Accomplishment [57, 85]”
From Burnout in nursing: a theoretical review. (2020) · cites this paper as [57]
Effective leadership predicts staffing adequacy, which in turn predicts Emotional Exhaustion.
“Effective leadership predicted staffing adequacy, which in turn predicted Emotional Exhaustion [57, 85]”
From Burnout in nursing: a theoretical review. (2020) · cites this paper as [57]
When the hospital adopts nursing models of care rather than medical models of care, nurses are more likely to report high levels of Personal Accomplishment.
“When the hospital adopted nursing models of care rather than medical models of care, nurses were more likely to report high levels of Personal Accomplishment [57, 85]”
From Burnout in nursing: a theoretical review. (2020) · cites this paper as [57]
Having the opportunity to participate in policy decisions is associated with reduced burnout on all subscales.
“Two studies on the same sample found that having the opportunity to participate in policy decisions was associated with reduced burnout (all subscales) [57, 85]”
From Burnout in nursing: a theoretical review. (2020) · cites this paper as [57]
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- Authors
- Leiter, M. P., & Spence Laschinger, H. K.
- Affiliations
- Western University (CA)
- ORCID
- Leiter, Michael P.
- Venue
- Nursing Research
- Published
- 2006-03
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 137-146
- ISSN
- 0029-6562 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2086290585
- Cited by
- 253
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2025: 9 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 32.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nursing Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Deakin Research Online (Deakin University) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Public Health Service (NRO4513)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Research and Theory › Nursing education and management
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Occupational Health and Burnout
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
- Keywords
- professional burnout, nursing work environment, Nursing Work Index, emotional exhaustion, personal accomplishment, nursing leadership, staffing levels, nurse-physician relationship, hospital nurses
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Alberta, Burnout, Professional, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Health Facility Environment, Humans, Male, Nursing Staff, Hospital, Ontario, Personnel Management, Reproducibility of Results, Causality, Models, Nursing
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