Resting-state Dynamics as a Cortical Signature of Anesthesia in Monkeys
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Editor’s Perspective: What We Already Know about This Topic: What This Article Tells Us That Is New: Background: The mechanism by which anesthetics induce a loss of consciousness remains a puzzling problem. We hypothesized that a cortical signature of anesthesia could be found in an increase in similarity between the matrix of resting-state functional correlations and the anatomical connectivity matrix of the brain, resulting in an increased function-structure similarity. Methods: We acquired resting-state functional magnetic resonance images in macaque monkeys during wakefulness (n = 3) or anesthesia with propofol (n = 3), ketamine (n = 3), or sevoflurane (n = 3). We used the k-means algorithm to cluster dynamic resting-state data into independent functional brain states. For each condition, we performed a regression analysis to quantify function-structure similarity and the repertoire of functional brain states. Results: Seven functional brain states were clustered and ranked according to their similarity to structural connectivity, with higher ranks corresponding to higher function-structure similarity and lower ranks corresponding to lower correlation between brain function and brain anatomy. Anesthesia shifted the brain state composition from a low rank (rounded rank [mean ± SD]) in the awake condition (awake rank = 4 [3.58 ± 1.03]) to high ranks in the different anesthetic conditions (ketamine rank = 6 [6.10 ± 0.32]; moderate propofol rank = 6 [6.15 ± 0.76]; deep propofol rank = 6 [6.16 ± 0.46]; moderate sevoflurane rank = 5 [5.10 ± 0.81]; deep sevoflurane rank = 6 [5.81 ± 1.11]; P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Whatever the molecular mechanism, anesthesia led to a massive reconfiguration of the repertoire of functional brain states that became predominantly shaped by brain anatomy (high function-structure similarity), giving rise to a well-defined cortical signature of anesthesia-induced loss of consciousness.
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Recent work in non-human primates demonstrates that functional relationships between critical GNW nodes-prefrontal, posterior parietal, and cingulate cortices-are stereotypically altered during propofol, sevoflurane, and ketamine anesthesia.
“Recent work in non-human primates demonstrates that the functional relationships between critical nodes in the GNW—such as prefrontal, posterior parietal, and cingulate cortices—are stereotypically altered during propofol, sevoflurane, and ketamine anesthesia (Barttfeld et al., 2015; Uhrig et al., 2018).”
From Conscious Processing and the Global Neuronal Workspace Hypothesis (2020) · cites this paper as Uhrig et al., 2018
A study in nonhuman primates found that volatile and intravenous anesthetics depress functional connectivity across prefrontal, posterior parietal, and cingulate cortices, restricting connections to regions with strong structural connections.
“a recent study of nonhuman primates demonstrated that both volatile and intravenous anesthetics depressed functional connectivity patterns across prefrontal, posterior parietal, and cingulate cortices, restricting functional connections to brain regions with strong structural connections [144].”
From The Biology of General Anesthesia from Paramecium to Primate (2019) · cites this paper as [144]
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- Authors
- Uhrig, L., Sitt, J. D., Jacob, A., Tasserie, J., Barttfeld, P., Dupont, M., Dehaene, S., & Jarraya, B.
- Affiliations
- Université Paris-Sud (FR)
- Inserm (FR)
- Venue
- Anesthesiology
- Published
- 2018-11
- Volume
- 129
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 942-958
- ISSN
- 0003-3022 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2883082804
- Cited by
- 131
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 7.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Anesthesiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- European Commission
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- anesthesia, loss of consciousness, resting-state functional connectivity, structural connectivity, propofol, ketamine, sevoflurane, macaque
- MeSH terms
- Anesthetics, Animals, Haplorhini, Brain, Brain Mapping, Electroencephalography, Female, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Rest
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