Childhood trauma, perceived stress, and hair cortisol in adults with and without cardiovascular disease
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OBJECTIVE: Childhood trauma has been associated with greater psychological and physical morbidity, including a greater risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). This may partially reflect trauma-induced disturbances in how stress is later perceived and regulated. This study evaluated the associations of childhood trauma with perceived stress and hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) in a large sample of adults with coronary artery disease (CAD) and in non-CVD patients experiencing other nonfatal illnesses. Whether sex, age, or CVD status influenced these associations was also examined. METHODS: A total of 1124 men and women (aged 65.2 [6.9] years) recruited from a hospital cohort completed the Childhood Trauma and Perceived Stress Questionnaires, whereas hair samples were obtained from 598 participants. Health status was confirmed via medical records. RESULTS: Moderate to severe childhood trauma was experienced by 359 participants. Childhood trauma was associated with greater perceived stress levels for the past 2 years (r = .308, p = .01; β = 0.263, p < .001), but not 3-month cortisol secretion in hair. Perceived stress correlated negatively with age (r = -.241, p < .001). In secondary analyses, age moderated the relation between sexual abuse and perceived stress (β = -0.067, p = .016). Although sexual abuse was associated with greater levels of perceived stress among all participants, this relation was strongest in younger individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Participants who experienced trauma in their youth reported greater levels of perceived stress, but not HCC, in late adulthood. Whether this suggests intact hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal regulation in those exposed to childhood trauma or whether this reflects the characteristics of our sample requires further investigation.
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Childhood trauma is associated with neurobiological sensitivity to stress and greater perceived stress as adults.
“Because childhood trauma is associated with neurobiological sensitivity to stress (39) and greater perceived stress as adults,(40)”
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- Authors
- Bossé, S., Stalder, T., & D'Antono, B.
- Affiliations
- University of Siegen (DE)
- Venue
- Psychosomatic Medicine
- Published
- 2018-05
- Volume
- 80
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 393-402
- ISSN
- 0033-3174 (ISSN-L)
- 1534-7796
- PMC
- PMC5959209
- OpenAlex
- W2793272697
- Cited by
- 33
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 4.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Psychosomatic Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP # 111015)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Keywords
- childhood trauma, perceived stress, hair cortisol, cardiovascular disease, coronary artery disease, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, sexual abuse, age moderation, old age, chronic stress
- MeSH terms
- Adult Survivors of Child Adverse Events, Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Hair, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Male, Middle Aged, Stress, Psychological, Adult Survivors of Child Abuse
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