Parasite stress promotes homicide and child maltreatment
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Researchers using the parasite-stress theory of human values have discovered many cross-cultural behavioural patterns that inform a range of scholarly disciplines. Here, we apply the theory to major categories of interpersonal violence, and the empirical findings are supportive. We hypothesize that the collectivism evoked by high parasite stress is a cause of adult-on-adult interpersonal violence. Across the US states, parasite stress and collectivism each positively predicts rates of men's and women's slaying of a romantic partner, as well as the rate of male-honour homicide and of the motivationally similar felony-related homicide. Of these four types of homicide, wealth inequality has an independent effect only on rates of male-honour and felony-related homicide. Parasite stress and collectivism also positively predict cross-national homicide rates. Child maltreatment by caretakers is caused, in part, by divestment in offspring of low phenotypic quality, and high parasite stress produces more such offspring than low parasite stress. Rates of each of two categories of the child maltreatment—lethal and non-lethal—across the US states are predicted positively by parasite stress, with wealth inequality and collectivism having limited effects. Parasite stress may be the strongest predictor of interpersonal violence to date.
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Across US states, parasite-stress is strongly positively related to collectivism.
“our findings across the US states show strong positive relationships between parasite-stress and each of the two variables, honor-related homicides and collectivism (Thornhill & Fincher 2011).”
From Parasite-stress promotes in-group assortative sociality: The cases of strong family ties and heightened religiosity (2012) · cites this paper as Thornhill & Fincher 2011
Across US states, parasite-stress is strongly positively related to honor-related homicides.
“our findings across the US states show strong positive relationships between parasite-stress and each of the two variables, honor-related homicides and collectivism (Thornhill & Fincher 2011).”
From Parasite-stress promotes in-group assortative sociality: The cases of strong family ties and heightened religiosity (2012) · cites this paper as Thornhill & Fincher 2011
Adult-on-adult interpersonal violence is caused by collectivism.
“There is evidence that these behaviors are caused by high parasite-stress, and in the case of adult-on-adult interpersonal violence, by collectivism (Thornhill & Fincher 2011).”
From Parasite-stress promotes in-group assortative sociality: The cases of strong family ties and heightened religiosity (2012) · cites this paper as Thornhill & Fincher 2011
Adult-on-adult interpersonal violence and child maltreatment are caused by high parasite-stress.
“There is evidence that these behaviors are caused by high parasite-stress, and in the case of adult-on-adult interpersonal violence, by collectivism (Thornhill & Fincher 2011).”
From Parasite-stress promotes in-group assortative sociality: The cases of strong family ties and heightened religiosity (2012) · cites this paper as Thornhill & Fincher 2011
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Self-citationGassen, J., Mengelkoch, S., Bradshaw, H. K., & Hill, S. E. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01263 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Atari, M. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8_650-1 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Atari, M. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-24612-3_650 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Cross-race misaggregation: Its detection, a mathematical decomposition, and Simpson’s Paradox.
Koenig, B. L., van Leeuwen, F., & Park, J. H. (2015) · Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1037/ebs0000067 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Comparing and Contrasting Rates of Firearm Homicides and Suicides
Zambrano, R., Peñaherrera‐Aguirre, M., Figueredo, A. J., & Jacobs, W. J. (2022) · Evolutionary Psychological Science · doi:10.1007/s40806-021-00311-y · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Thornhill, R., & Fincher, C. L. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-08040-6_8 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationBrieger, S. A., Jasinenko, A., & Feyzabadi, J. G. (2026) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-026-06315-7 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Keller, V. N. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_870 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Reflections, Criticisms, and Future Research
Thornhill, R., & Fincher, C. L. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-08040-6_14
Self-citationFeltham, C. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_536-1
Keller, V. N. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_870-1
Feltham, C. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_536
Historical Prevalence of Infectious Diseases and Sustainable Development in 122 CountriesPreprint
Messono, O. O., Asongu, S. A., & Tchamyou, V. S. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4134622
- Authors
- Thornhill, R., & Fincher, C. L.
- Affiliations
- University of New Mexico (US)
- Corresponding author
- Thornhill, Randy
- ORCID
- Fincher, Corey L.
- Venue
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
- Publisher
- The Royal Society
- Published
- 2011-12-12
- Volume
- 366
- Issue
- 1583
- Pages
- 3466-3477
- ISSN
- 0962-8436 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-2970
- PMC
- PMC3189353
- OpenAlex
- W2132364782
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 0.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Cultural Differences and Values
- Keywords
- parasite stress, homicide, child abuse, interpersonal violence, collectivism, honor killings, wealth inequality, offspring quality
- MeSH terms
- Child, Child Abuse, Child, Preschool, Communicable Diseases, Female, Homicide, Humans, Male, Social Behavior, Stress, Psychological, Violence
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