PreprintCited by 470Genomics and Phylogenetic StudiesGut microbiota and healthMicrobial Community Ecology and Physiology

An integrated metagenomics pipeline for strain profiling reveals novel patterns of bacterial transmission and biogeography

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Nayfach, Stephen, Rodriguez-Mueller, Beltran, Garud, Nandita, Pollard, Katherine S.·2016·Genome Research

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Abstract

We present the M etagenomic I ntra-species D iversity A nalysis S ystem (MIDAS), which is an integrated computational pipeline for quantifying bacterial species abundance and strain-level genomic variation, including gene content and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), from shotgun metagenomes. Our method leverages a database of more than 30,000 bacterial reference genomes that we clustered into species groups. These cover the majority of abundant species in the human microbiome but only a small proportion of microbes in other environments, including soil and seawater. We applied MIDAS to stool metagenomes from 98 Swedish mothers and their infants over one year and used rare SNPs to track strains between hosts. Using this approach, we found that although species compositions of mothers and infants converged over time, strain-level similarity diverged. Specifically, early colonizing bacteria were often transmitted from an infant’s mother, while late colonizing bacteria were often transmitted from other sources in the environment and were enriched for spore-formation genes. We also applied MIDAS to 198 globally distributed marine metagenomes and used gene content to show that many prevalent bacterial species have population structure that correlates with geographic location. Strain-level genetic variants present in metagenomes clearly reveal extensive structure and dynamics that are obscured when data are analyzed at a coarser taxonomic resolution.

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  • Whole genomes of organisms, in addition to strain tracking, can be extracted from shotgun metagenomic data, allowing for evolutionary analysis of specific organisms associated with a particular disease or environment.

    “Whole genomes of organisms, in addition to strain tracking, can be extracted from the data, allowing for evolutionary analysis of specific organisms associated with a particular disease or environment.79, 80, 81”

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Authors
Nayfach, S., Rodriguez-Mueller, B., Garud, N., & Pollard, K. S.
Affiliations
Gladstone Institutes (US)
Venue
Genome Research
Published
2016-10-18
Volume
26
Issue
11
Pages
1612-1625
ISSN
  • 1088-9051 (ISSN-L)
  • 1549-5469
OpenAlex
W2533132894
Cited by
470
References
66
Citations by year
2026: 19 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 74 · 2021: 74 · 2020: 72 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 40 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 1
Type
posted content
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Genome Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation (DMS-1069303)
  • Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation (3300)
  • Gladstone Institutes
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
Keywords
MIDAS, bacterial transmission, biogeography, single nucleotide polymorphisms, gene content, human microbiome, mother-to-child transmission, marine metagenomes, bacterial population structure, metagenomics pipeline
MeSH terms
Adult, Bacteria, Bacterial Infections, Feces, Female, Humans, Infant, Phylogeny, Reference Standards, Soil Microbiology, Water Microbiology, DNA Fingerprinting, Genome, Bacterial, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Metagenome, Metagenomics, Phylogeography

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