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Quantum cryptography
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Quantum cryptography could well be the first application of quantum mechanics at the single-quantum level. The rapid progress in both theory and experiment in recent years is reviewed, with emphasis on open questions and technological issues.
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“Quantum cryptography provides authentication and unbreakable encryption or unconditional security over traditional cryptographic methods by exploiting the principles of quantum mechanics, such as superposition and entanglement (Gisin et al., 2002; Mafu and Senekane, 2018).”
From Quantum technology for development framework as a tool for science diplomacy (2023) · cites this paper as Gisin et al., 2002
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“Quantum communication through quantum cryptography (Gisin et al., 2002; Mafu and Senekane, 2018) could ensure that diplomatic dialogues remain confidential, fostering improved candid discussions and trust and strengthening international relations.”
From Quantum technology for development framework as a tool for science diplomacy (2023) · cites this paper as Gisin et al., 2002
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“A pulsed-pump version of Franson-interferometry uses so-called time-bin entanglement (Brendel et al., 1999;Marcikic et al., 2002;Gisin et al., 2002) (see Fig. 10).”
From Multiphoton entanglement and interferometry (2012) · cites this paper as Gisin et al., 2002
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“The RRDPS protocol removes the requirement for signal disturbance monitoring by bounding the amount of information leaked to the eavesdropper, where the bound depends entirely on Alice's generation stage.”
From Two-photon interference: the Hong–Ou–Mandel effect (2021) · cites this paper as [102]
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“Photons provide the only viable technology to connect distributed quantum systems, or for quantum communication systems [5].”
From Integrated photonic quantum technologies (2020) · cites this paper as [5]
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Citations
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Performance and design of InGaAs/InP photodiodes for single-photon counting at 155 µm
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Single-Photon Interference in Sidebands of Phase-Modulated Light for Quantum Cryptography
Mérolla, J.-M., Mazurenko, Y. T., Goedgebuer, J.-P., & Rhodes, W. T. (1999) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.82.1656 · Cited by 124
Żukowski, M., Zeilinger, A., Horne, M., & Weinfurter, H. (1998) · Acta Physica Polonica A · doi:10.12693/aphyspola.93.187 · Cited by 123
The breakdown flash of silicon avalanche photodiodes-back door for eavesdropper attacks?
Kurtsiefer, C., Zarda, P., Mayer, S., & Weinfurter, H. (2001) · Journal of Modern Optics · doi:10.1080/09500340108240905 · Cited by 123
The Golden Age of Optical Fiber Amplifiers
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Interferometry with Faraday mirrors for quantumcryptography
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Self-citationSecure key distribution system based on quantumcryptography
Townsend, P. D. (1994) · Electronics Letters · doi:10.1049/el:19940558 · Cited by 117
Quantum cryptography in free space
Jacobs, B. C., & Franson, J. D. (1996) · Optics Letters · doi:10.1364/ol.21.001854 · Cited by 117
Enhanced single photon fringe visibility in a 10 km-long prototype quantum cryptography channel
Townsend, P. D., Ougazzaden, A., & Tapster, P. R. (1993) · Electronics Letters · doi:10.1049/el:19930862 · Cited by 111
High-efficiency single-photon detectors
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Fiber spin-profile designs for producing fibers with low polarization mode dispersion
Li, M. J., & Nolan, D. A. (1998) · Optics Letters · doi:10.1364/ol.23.001659 · Cited by 101
Coherent eavesdropping strategies for the four state quantum cryptography protocol
Cirac, J. I., & Gisin, N. (1997) · Physics Letters A · doi:10.1016/s0375-9601(97)00176-x · Cited by 101
Self-citationExperiments on long wavelength (1550 nm) "plug and play" quantum cryptography systems
Bourennane, M., Gibson, F., Karlsson, A., Hening, A., Jönsson, P., Tsegaye, T., Ljunggren, D., & Sundberg, E. (1999) · Optics Express · doi:10.1364/oe.4.000383 · Cited by 101
Quantum amplifiers, quantum duplicators and quantum cryptography
Yuen, H. P. (1996) · Quantum and Semiclassical Optics Journal of the European Optical Society Part B · doi:10.1088/1355-5111/8/4/015 · Cited by 98
Multi-user Quantum Cryptography on Optical Networks
Phoenix, S. J. D., Barnett, S. M., Townsend, P. D., & Blow, K. J. (1995) · Journal of Modern Optics · doi:10.1080/09500349514551001 · Cited by 97
Rarity, J. G., Wall, T. E., Ridley, K. D., Owens, P. C. M., & Tapster, P. R. (2000) · Applied Optics · doi:10.1364/ao.39.006746 · Cited by 95
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Single-photon detection beyond 1 μm: performance of commercially available germanium photodiodes
Lacaita, A. L., Francese, P. A., Zappa, F., & Cova, S. (1994) · Applied Optics · doi:10.1364/ao.33.006902 · Cited by 87
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Self-citationBounds on Information and the Security of Quantum Cryptography
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Fast and user-friendly quantum key distribution
Ribordy, G., Gautier, J.-D., Gisin, N., Guinnard, O., & Zbinden, H. (2000) · Journal of Modern Optics · doi:10.1080/09500340008244057 · Cited by 73
Self-citationQuantum Cryptography on Noisy Channels: Quantum versus Classical Key-Agreement Protocols
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Self-citationOperational system for quantum cryptography
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Photon counting with passively quenched germanium avalanche
Owens, P. C. M., Rarity, J., Tapster, P. R., Knight, D., & Townsend, P. D. (1994) · Applied Optics · doi:10.1364/ao.33.006895 · Cited by 66
Quantum Cryptography on Optical Fiber Networks
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Schroedinger cat states and optimum universal quantum cloning by entangled parametric amplification
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A Proof of the Security of Quantum Key DistributionPreprint
Biham, E., Boyer, M., Boykin, P. O., Mor, T., & Roychowdhury, V. (1999) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/9912053 · Cited by 59
Quantum Cryptography with Polarized Photons in Optical Fibres
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Self-citationFree-space quantum key distribution in daylight
Hughes, R., Buttler, W. T., Kwiat, P. G., Lamoreaux, S. K., Morgan, G. L., Nordholt, J. E., & Peterson, C. G. (2000) · Journal of Modern Optics · doi:10.1080/09500340008244059 · Cited by 48
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Self-citationFaint laser quantum key distribution: Eavesdropping exploiting multiphoton pulses
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Geometric phases in two-photon interference experiments
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Photon counting with photodiodes
Ingerson, T. E., Kearney, R. J., & Coulter, R. L. (1983) · Applied Optics · doi:10.1364/ao.22.002013 · Cited by 41
Time Reversal for the Polarization State in Optical Systems
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Nonlocal cancellation of dispersive broadening in Mach-Zehnder interferometers
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Bell inequality and the locality loophole: Active versus passive switches
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Self-citationA single-photon counter for long-haul telecom
Karlsson, A., Bourennane, M., Ribordy, G., Zbinden, H., Brendel, J., Rarity, J., & Tapster, P. R. (1999) · IEEE Circuits and Devices Magazine · doi:10.1109/101.808854 · Cited by 39
Self-citationLong-distance frequency-division interferometer for communication and quantum cryptography
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Infrared Photon Counting by Ge Avalanche Diodes
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Quantum Cryptography with Interferometric Quantum Entanglement
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Cited by
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Degen, C. L., Reinhard, F., & Cappellaro, P. (2017) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.89.035002 · Cited by 4,045
The security of practical quantum key distribution
Scarani, V., Bechmann-Pasquinucci, H., Cerf, N. J., Dušek, M., Lütkenhaus, N., & Peev, M. (2009) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.81.1301 · Cited by 3,870
Weedbrook, C., Pirandola, S., García−Patrón, R., Cerf, N. J., Ralph, T. C., Shapiro, J. H., & Lloyd, S. (2012) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.84.621 · Cited by 3,825
Charge-insensitive qubit design derived from the Cooper pair box
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Metadata
- Authors
- Gisin, N., Ribordy, G., Tittel, W., & Zbinden, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Geneva (CH)
- Venue
- Reviews of Modern Physics
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 2002-03-08
- Volume
- 74
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 145-195
- ISSN
- 0034-6861 (ISSN-L)
- 1539-0756
- OpenAlex
- W3038067977
- Cited by
- 8,515
- References
- 178
- Citations by year
- 2026: 374 · 2025: 510 · 2024: 455 · 2023: 439 · 2022: 408 · 2021: 428 · 2020: 447 · 2019: 453 · 2018: 385 · 2017: 348 · 2016: 380 · 2015: 341 · 2014: 363 · 2013: 338 · 2012: 360
- FWCI
- 193.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Reviews of Modern Physics (publishedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- European Commission
- Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Information and Cryptography
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices
- Keywords
- quantum cryptography, quantum key distribution, applications of quantum mechanics, open problems, quantum technologies
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