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Cited by 855Blockchain Technology Applications and SecurityIoT and Edge/Fog ComputingBlockchain Technology in Education and Learning

Applications of Blockchains in the Internet of Things: A Comprehensive Survey

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Ali, Muhammad Salek, Vecchio, Massimo, Pincheira, Miguel, Dolui, Koustabh, Antonelli, Fabio, Rehmani, Mubashir Husain·2019·IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials
DOI 10.1109/comst.2018.2886932
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Abstract

The blockchain technology has revolutionized the digital currency space with the pioneering cryptocurrency platform named Bitcoin. From an abstract perspective, a blockchain is a distributed ledger capable of maintaining an immutable log of transactions happening in a network. In recent years, this technology has attracted significant scientific interest in research areas beyond the financial sector, one of them being the Internet of Things (IoT). In this context, the blockchain is seen as the missing link toward building a truly decentralized, trustless, and secure environment for the IoT and, in this survey, we aim to shape a coherent and comprehensive picture of the current state-of-the-art efforts in this direction. We start with fundamental working principles of blockchains and how blockchain-based systems achieve the characteristics of decentralization, security, and auditability. From there, we build our narrative on the challenges posed by the current centralized IoT models, followed by recent advances made both in industry and research to solve these challenges and effectively use blockchains to provide a decentralized, secure medium for the IoT.

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Ali, M. S., Vecchio, M., Pincheira, M., Dolui, K., Antonelli, F., & Rehmani, M. H.
Affiliations
  • FBK CREATE-NET Research Center (IT)
  • IMEC (BE)
  • Waterford Institute of Technology (IE)
ORCID
Venue
IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials
Publisher
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Published
2019
Volume
21
Issue
2
Pages
1676-1717
ISSN
  • 1553-877X (ISSN-L)
  • 2373-745X
DOI
10.1109/comst.2018.2886932
OpenAlex
W2904351506
Cited by
855
References
19
Citations by year
2026: 40 · 2025: 94 · 2024: 103 · 2023: 134 · 2022: 140 · 2021: 176 · 2020: 118 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 2
FWCI
138.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplorehelp/downloads/license-information/OAPA.html (vor)
Locations
  • IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials (publishedVersion)
  • Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion)
  • IRIS eCampus Telematic University (Università degli Studi eCampus) (submittedVersion)
  • Institutional Research Information System (Università degli Studi di Trento) (submittedVersion)
  • Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Networks and Communications › IoT and Edge/Fog Computing
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Blockchain Technology in Education and Learning
Keywords
blockchain, Internet of Things, distributed ledger technology, blockchain security, auditability, trustless systems

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