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Cited by 189Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitationPediatric Pain Management TechniquesPain Management and Treatment

Validation of the Chinese Pain Catastrophizing Scale (HK-PCS) in Patients with Chronic Pain

Yap, Jacqueline C., Lau, Joseph, Chen, Phoon P., Gin, Tony, Wong, Tony, Chan, Ide, Chu, Josephine, Wong, Emma·2008·Pain Medicine
DOI 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2007.00307.x
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to examine the psychometric properties of a Chinese translation of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (HK-PCS). DESIGN/PATIENTS: Patients aged 18-79 years (N = 130) with chronic nonmalignant pain attending an outpatient multidisciplinary pain center in Hong Kong participated in this cross-sectional study. METHOD: Subjects completed a set of health-related instruments: HK-PCS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire, SF-36 Health Survey, and a general demographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed for the distribution, internal consistency, reliability, and construct validity. RESULTS: A satisfactory internal consistency was found (alpha = 0.927). The item-total correlation coefficients ranged from 0.575 to 0.777. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.969 for the total HK-PCS score, 0.956 for helplessness, 0.945 for magnification, and 0.910 for rumination. Confirmatory factor analysis verified a second-order factor structure with the comparative fit index = 1.00, root mean square error of approximation = 0.038, and normed fit index = 0.99 (chi(2) ((58)) = 68.84, P = 0.16). Significant correlations were found for pain intensity, disability, anxiety, and depression (r = 0.223-0.597, P < 0.01). The general health, social function, role emotional, and mental health domains of the SF-36 consistently demonstrated negative association with catastrophizing across all HK-PCS scores (r =-0.279 to -0.396, P < 0.01). No gender difference was noted for HK-PCS scores (P > 0.05), which is contrary to the existing literature. CONCLUSION: This study has illustrated satisfactory psychometric properties of the HK-PCS. We provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the HK-PCS as an instrument for measuring pain catastrophizing in the Chinese patient with chronic pain.

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Authors
Yap, J. C., Lau, J., Chen, P. P., Gin, T., Wong, T., Chan, I., Chu, J., & Wong, E.
Affiliations
  • Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital (CN)
  • Chinese University of Hong Kong (HK)
  • Hospital Authority (HK)
Corresponding author
Yap, Jacqueline C.
ORCID
Venue
Pain Medicine
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2008-03
Volume
9
Issue
2
Pages
186-195
ISSN
  • 1526-2375 (ISSN-L)
  • 1526-4637
DOI
10.1111/j.1526-4637.2007.00307.x
OpenAlex
W2163414029
Cited by
189
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 26 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 7
FWCI
2.09
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1 (tdm, 2740 d)
Locations
  • Pain Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
Keywords
pain catastrophizing, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Chinese translation, psychometric validation, chronic nonmalignant pain, helplessness, pain magnification, rumination, anxiety and depression, disability, SF-36, gender differences
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anxiety, Chronic Disease, Depression, Hong Kong, Humans, Language, Middle Aged, Pain, Pain Measurement, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reproducibility of Results, Incidence, Patient Satisfaction

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