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Cited by 138Sleep and Wakefulness ResearchMemory and Neural MechanismsMemory Processes and Influences

Sleep-Dependent Consolidation of Contextual Learning

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Spencer, Rebecca M.C., Sunm, Michelle, Ivry, Richard B.·2006·Current Biology
DOI 10.1016/j.cub.2006.03.094
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Abstract

Memory consolidation is facilitated by sleep. Specifying the functional domain of sleep-dependent consolidation (SDC) is important for identifying the neural mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. Previous work indicates that SDC may be limited to conditions in which learning is explicit. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that SDC may also occur with implicit learning when learning benefits from the formation of contextual associations, a function associated with the hippocampus. Three versions of the serial-reaction-time task (SRTT) were examined, and SDC was assessed by comparing performance after 12 hr breaks that included or did not include sleep. SDC was observed in the Explicit condition. Two implicit conditions were compared. In the Implicit Noncontextual condition, participants performed a concurrent tone-counting task with the pitch of each tone selected at random, precluding cross-dimensional associations. In the Implicit Contextual condition, participants responded to the color of the cues while the spatial location of the cues followed a correlated sequence. Whereas learning was observed in both implicit conditions, SDC was restricted to the contextual condition. Given that the formation of contextual associations is dependent on the hippocampus, we suggest that SDC is a hippocampus-mediated process.

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  • Sleep-dependent gains in skills are more robust under explicit learning conditions than under implicit learning conditions.

    “First, sleep-dependent gains in skills are more robust under explicit learning conditions (i.e., the subjects are aware about the skill to be acquired) (383, 664, 1285) compared with implicit learning conditions (385,1003,1122,1128).”

    From About Sleep's Role in Memory (2013) · cites this paper as [1128]

    The report summary and “Sleep Benefit on Sequence Performance” section find sleep-dependent gains in the explicit condition and no significant sleep benefit in the implicit noncontextual condition. But they also find a significant benefit in the implicit contextual condition. The paper does not establish that gains are generally more robust under explicit than implicit learning. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Compared with item memory, context memory is particularly sensitive to beneficial effects of sleep.

    “In addition, some human studies revealed that, compared with item memory, context memory, a core function of the hippocampus, is particularly sensitive to the beneficial effects of sleep (602,732,1128,1230).”

    From About Sleep's Role in Memory (2013) · cites this paper as [1128]

    The opening report and “Sleep Benefit on Sequence Performance” section (pages not provided) find sleep-dependent consolidation in the implicit contextual condition but not the implicit noncontextual condition. The study compares forms of sequence learning, not context memory with item memory, so it does not establish that specific comparison. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Authors
Spencer, R. M. C., Sunm, M., & Ivry, R. B.
Affiliations
University of California, Berkeley (US)
Corresponding author
Spencer, Rebecca M.C.
ORCID
Venue
Current Biology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2006-05
Volume
16
Issue
10
Pages
1001-1005
ISSN
0960-9822 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.cub.2006.03.094
OpenAlex
W2068110335
Cited by
138
References
18
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 5
FWCI
4.05
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Current Biology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institutes of Health (F32 NS048012, NS30256)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
Keywords
sleep-dependent memory consolidation, implicit learning, contextual learning, hippocampus, serial reaction time task, explicit learning, sleep deprivation, memory consolidation
MeSH terms
Awareness, Hippocampus, Humans, Reaction Time, Retention, Psychology, Sleep

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