Childhood Adultification in Economically Disadvantaged Families: A Conceptual Model
Abstract
Abstract:This article presents an emergent conceptual model of childhood adultification and economic disadvantage derived from 5 longitudinal ethnographies of children and adolescents growing up in low‐income families. Childhood adultification involves contextual, social, and developmental processes in which youth are prematurely, and often inappropriately, exposed to adult knowledge and assume extensive adult roles and responsibilities within their family networks. Exemplar cases from the ethnographies are integrated in the discussion to illustrate components of the model. Four successive levels of adultification are described: precocious knowledge, mentored‐adultification, peerification/spousification, and parentification. The developmental assets and liabilities children incur also are discussed. Recommendations for school, health care, and social service practitioners working with low‐income families and children are provided.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The implications of parentification expand beyond the parentified individual to the family of origin and intergenerational transmission.
“The implications of parentification expand beyond the parentified individual (e.g., psychological, cognitive, and physical health outcomes) to the family of origin (e.g., sibling outcomes) and intergenerational transmission [1] if parentified individuals have children”
From Parentification Vulnerability, Reactivity, Resilience, and Thriving: A Mixed Methods Systematic Literature Review (2023) · cites this paper as [1]
The implications of parentification expand beyond the parentified individual to the family of origin and future generations through an intergenerational transmission.
“The implications of parentification expand beyond the parentified individual (e.g., psychological, cognitive, and physical health outcomes) to the family of origin (e.g., sibling outcomes) and future generations through an intergenerational transmission [1].”
From Parentification Vulnerability, Reactivity, Resilience, and Thriving: A Mixed Methods Systematic Literature Review (2023) · cites this paper as [1]
Cites
(1998) · Sage eBooks · Cited by 38,631 · see citing works
Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital
Coleman, J. S. (1988) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/228943 · Cited by 26,975 · see citing works
Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital
Coleman, J. S. (2000) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-7506-7222-1.50005-2 · Cited by 21,727 · see citing works
Noble, C. (1988) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/1961794 · Cited by 6,175 · see citing works
The Truly Disadvantaged: The Inner City, The Underclass, and Public Policy.
Watson, B. C., & Wilson, W. J. (1988) · The Journal of Negro Education · doi:10.2307/2295455 · Cited by 6,017 · see citing works
Apprenticeship in Thinking: Cognitive Development in Social Context
Rogoff, B. (1990) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195059731.001.0001 · Cited by 4,709 · see citing works
Unequal childhoods: class, race, and family life
Lareau, A. P. (2004) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.41-4975 · Cited by 4,622 · see citing works
Meaningful Differences in the Everyday Experience of Young American Children
Panagos, R. J. (1998) · Remedial and Special Education · doi:10.1177/074193259801900609 · Cited by 4,183 · see citing works
When Work Disappears: The World of the New Urban Poor.
Scott, D. M., & Wilson, W. J. (1998) · African American Review · doi:10.2307/3042249 · Cited by 3,616 · see citing works
Wilson, W. J. (1996) · Political Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2152085 · Cited by 3,090 · see citing works
Centuries of Childhood. A Social History of Family Life
Bernard, J. S., Ariès, P., Baldick, R., & Despert, J. L. (1963) · Marriage and Family Living · doi:10.2307/349063 · Cited by 2,487 · see citing works
McLoyd, V. C. (1990) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1131096 · Cited by 2,090 · see citing works
Improving Pregnancy Outcome during Imprisonment: A Model Residential Care Program
Siefert, K., & Pimlott, S. (2001) · Social Work · doi:10.1093/sw/46.2.125 · Cited by 1,647 · see citing works
Corsaro, W. A. (2015) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781483399027 · Cited by 1,453 · see citing works
Children Of The Great Depression: 25th Anniversary Edition
Elder, G. H. (1977) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,135 · see citing works
Bad boys: public schools in the making of black masculinity
(2001) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.38-4014 · Cited by 1,127 · see citing works
McLoyd, V. C. (1990) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1990.tb02781.x · Cited by 1,075 · see citing works
Children of the Great Depression: Social Change in Life Experience.
Coles, R., & Elder, G. H. (1975) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2576115 · Cited by 845 · see citing works
Children of different worlds: the formation of social behavior
(1988) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.26-1822 · Cited by 788 · see citing works
Competition and the Structure of Industrial Society: Reply to Braithwaite
Coleman, J. W. (1988) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/229033 · Cited by 743 · see citing works
My Brother's Keeper: Child and Sibling Caretaking [and Comments and Reply]
Weisner, T. S., Gallimore, R. G., Bacon, M. K., Barry, H., Bell, C., Novaes, S. C., Edwards, C. P., Goswami, B. B., Minturn, L., Nerlove, S. B., et al. (1977) · Current Anthropology · doi:10.1086/201883 · Cited by 613 · see citing works
O’Connor, A. (2001) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9781400824748 · Cited by 527 · see citing works
FROM PRICING THE PRICELESS CHILD:
Zelizer, V. A. R. (2021) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.2307/j.ctv1f886rp.8 · Cited by 438 · see citing works
The hurried child : growing up too fast too soon
Elkind, D. (2001) · Addison-Wesley eBooks · Cited by 429 · see citing works
Teenage childbearing as an alternative life-course strategy in multigeneration black families
Burton, L. M. (1990) · Human Nature · doi:10.1007/bf02692149 · Cited by 404 · see citing works
Self-citationPoverty knowledge: social science, social policy, and the poor in twentieth-century U.S. history
(2001) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.38-6298 · Cited by 377 · see citing works
Saturday Morning at the Jail: Implications of Incarceration for Families and Children *
Arditti, J. A., Lambert‐Shute, J. J., & Joest, K. S. (2003) · Family Relations · doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2003.00195.x · Cited by 373 · see citing works
The Nature of Qualitative Evidence
Morse, J. M., Swanson, J. M., & Kuzel, A. J. (2001) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781412986236 · Cited by 370 · see citing works
The Culture of Affluence: Psychological Costs of Material Wealth
Luthar, S. S. (2003) · Child Development · doi:10.1046/j.1467-8624.2003.00625.x · Cited by 361 · see citing works
Poverty and Children's Adjustment
Luthar, S. S. (1999) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781452233758 · Cited by 353 · see citing works
Children of the Land: Adversity and Success in Rural America
Amato, P. R., Elder, G. H., Conger, R. D., King, V., Matthews, L. S., Mekos, D., Russell, S. T., & Shanahan, M. J. (2001) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2655383 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Bad Boys: Public Schools in the Making of Black Masculinity
Joseph, J., & Ferguson, A. A. (2001) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/3089318 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Gender Roles and Settlement Activities Among Children and Their Immigrant Families
Valenzuela, A. (1999) · American Behavioral Scientist · doi:10.1177/0002764299042004009 · Cited by 331 · see citing works
Elder, G. H., & Conger, R. D. (2000) · University of Chicago Press eBooks · doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226224978.001.0001 · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Coping With Divorce, Single Parenting, and Remarriage
Hetherington, E. M. (2014) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410602893 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
There Are No Children Here: The Story of Two Boys Growing Up in The Other America
Kotlowitz, A. (1992) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Growing Up a Little Faster: The Experience of Growing Up in a Single‐Parent Household
Weiss, R. S. (1979) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1979.tb00815.x · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Children's household work: Its nature and functions.
Goodnow, J. J. (1988) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.103.1.5 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Children's household work: Its nature and functions.
Goodnow, J. J. (1988) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037//0033-2909.103.1.5 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Parentification and Its Impact on Adolescent Children of Parents with AIDS
STEIN, J. A., RIEDEL, M., & ROTHERAM‐BORUS, M. J. (1999) · Family Process · doi:10.1111/j.1545-5300.1999.00193.x · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Stack, C. Β., & Burton, L. M. (1993) · Journal of Comparative Family Studies · doi:10.3138/jcfs.24.2.157 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Self-citationChildren of Different Worlds: The Formation of Social Behavior.
Lee, G. R., Whiting, B. B., & Edwards, C. P. (1990) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2072641 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Girls’ Family Labor in Low‐Income Households: A Decade of Qualitative Research
Dodson, L., & Dickert, J. (2004) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2004.00023.x · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Mother Father Deaf: Living Between Sound and Silence
Preston, P. (1994) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Arditti, J. A. (1999) · Family Relations · doi:10.2307/585074 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Parentification, parental alcoholism, and academic status among young adults
Chase, N. D., Deming, M. P., & Wells, M. (1998) · American Journal of Family Therapy · doi:10.1080/01926189808251091 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Children of divorce: The psychological tasks of the child.
Wallerstein, J. S. (1983) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.1983.tb03368.x · Cited by 135 · see citing works
The Over-Scheduled Child: Avoiding the Hyper-Parenting Trap
Wise, N. (2001) · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Smith, N., Nelson, M. K., & Smith, J. (1999) · University of California Press eBooks · doi:10.1525/9780520921696 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Working Hard and Making Do: Surviving in Small Town America
Walsh, M. A., Nelson, M. K., & Smith, J. (2001) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2654358 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Rethinking Teenage Childbearing: Is Sexual Abuse a Missing Link
Butler, J. R., & Burton, L. M. (1990) · Family Relations · doi:10.2307/584952 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Self-citationSeductive Behavior of Mothers of Toddlers: Occurrence, Correlates, and Family Origins
Sroufe, L. A., & Ward, M. J. (1980) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1129564 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Generational boundary distortions by adult children of alcoholics: Child-as-parent and child-as-mate
Goglia, L. R., Jurkovic, G. J., Burt, A. M., & Burge-Callaway, K. (1992) · American Journal of Family Therapy · doi:10.1080/01926189208250899 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Don't Call Us Out of Name: The Untold Lives of Women and Girls in Poor America
Dodson, L. (1998) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Parentification of the Child: A Case Study of Bowlby’s Compulsive Care-Giving Attachment Pattern
West, M. L., & Keller, A. (1991) · American Journal of Psychotherapy · doi:10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1991.45.3.425 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Parentification and caretaker syndrome: An empirical investigation.
Valleau, M. P., Bergner, R. M., & Horton, C. B. (1995) · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Wallerstein, J. S. (1983) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-7021-5_2 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Nock, S. L. (1988) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.2307/352107 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Mother Father Deaf: Living Between Sound and Silence
Emerton, R. G. (1995) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1995.03520320087053 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
When Parent Becomes Peer: Loss of Intergenerational Boundaries in Single Parent Families
Glenwick, D. S., & Mowrey, J. D. (1986) · Family Relations · doi:10.2307/584283 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Children investing in their families: The importance of child obligation in successful development
Weisner, T. S. (2001) · New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development · doi:10.1002/cd.32 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Broken Bottles, Broken Dreams: Understanding and Helping the Children of Alcoholics
Kiernan, E. A., & Deutsch, C. (1983) · AJN American Journal of Nursing · doi:10.2307/3470145 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Qualitative Verification: Building Evidence by Extending Basic Findings
Morse, J. M. (2001) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781412986236.n9 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Illick, J. E. (2002) · University of Pennsylvania Press eBooks · doi:10.9783/9780812202328 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Don't Call Us Out of Name: The Untold Lives of Women and Girls in Poor America
Kaplan, E. B., Dodson, L., & Seccombe, K. (2000) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2654959 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
East, P. L., Weisner, T. S., & Reyes, B. T. (2006) · Applied Developmental Science · doi:10.1207/s1532480xads1002_4 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Hartell, C. G., & Chabilall, J. A. (2005) · International Journal of Adolescence and Youth · doi:10.1080/02673843.2005.9747953 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Mueller, M. R., & Patton, M. Q. (1995) · Marriage & Family Review · doi:10.1300/j002v21n01_05 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Annual Research Review: What is resilience within the social ecology of human development?
Ungar, M. T., Ghazinour, M., & Richter, J. (2012) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12025 · Cited by 870 · see citing works
Girlhood Interrupted: The Erasure of Black Girls’ ChildhoodPreprint
Epstein, R. S., Blake, J. J., & González, T. (2017) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3000695 · Cited by 460 · see citing works
Telzer, E. H., & Fuligni, A. J. (2009) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0014728 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Parke, R. D., & Clarke‐Stewart, K. A. (2012) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118133880.hop201012 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Covarrubias, R., Valle, I., Laiduc, G., & Azmitia, M. (2018) · Journal of Adolescent Research · doi:10.1177/0743558418788402 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Human Development in Time and Place
Elder, G. H., Shanahan, M. J., & Jennings, J. A. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118963418.childpsy402 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Paat, Y. (2013) · Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment · doi:10.1080/10911359.2013.800007 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Hooper, L. M., DeCoster, J., White-Chapman, N., & Voltz, M. L. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20807 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Mandara, J., Gaylord‐Harden, N. K., Richards, M. H., & Ragsdale, B. L. (2009) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01360.x · Cited by 154 · see citing works
The Arts and Education: Knowledge Generation, Pedagogy, and the Discourse of Learning
Gadsden, V. L. (2008) · Review of Research in Education · doi:10.3102/0091732x07309691 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Poverty and the American Family: A Decade in Review
Edin, K. J., & Kissane, R. J. (2010) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00713.x · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Ungar, M. (2013) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2012.08.004 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Young adult identities and their pathways: A developmental and life course model.
Benson, J. E., & Elder, G. H. (2011) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0023833 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Alcalá, L., Rogoff, B., Mejía‐Arauz, R., Coppens, A. D., & Dexter, A. L. (2014) · Human Development · doi:10.1159/000356763 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Children’s Provision of Family Caregiving: Benefit or Burden?
East, P. L. (2010) · Child Development Perspectives · doi:10.1111/j.1750-8606.2009.00118.x · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Telzer, E. H., Gonzales, N. A., & Fuligni, A. J. (2013) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-013-9941-5 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Wight, V. R., Price, J., Bianchi, S. M., & Hunt, B. R. (2009) · Social Science Research · doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2009.05.009 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Lucas, K., & Buzzanell, P. M. (2012) · Journal of Family Communication · doi:10.1080/15267431.2012.687196 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Garber, B. D. (2011) · Family Court Review · doi:10.1111/j.1744-1617.2011.01374.x · Cited by 113 · see citing works
A Behavioral Process Model of Familism
Hernández, M. M., & Bámaca‐Colbert, M. Y. (2016) · Journal of Family Theory & Review · doi:10.1111/jftr.12166 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
The role of colorism in explaining African American females’ suspension risk.
Blake, J. J., Keith, V. M., Luo, W., Le, H., & Salter, P. S. (2016) · School Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1037/spq0000173 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Jankowski, P. J., Hooper, L. M., Sandage, S. J., & Hannah, N. J. (2013) · Journal of Family Therapy · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6427.2011.00574.x · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Parentification of Adult Siblings of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Tomeny, T. S., Barry, T. D., Fair, E. C., & Riley, R. (2017) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-016-0627-y · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Luster, T., Qin, D. B., Bates, L., Johnson, D. J., & Rana, M. (2008) · Family Relations · doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2008.00513.x · Cited by 95 · see citing works
The Social Production of Adolescent Risk and the Promise of Adolescent Literacies
Vasudevan, L. M., & Campano, G. (2009) · Review of Research in Education · doi:10.3102/0091732x08330003 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Practising kinship care: children as language brokers in migrant families
Bauer, E. (2016) · Childhood · doi:10.1177/0907568215574917 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Simpkins, S. D., Delgado, M. Y., Price, C. D., Quach, A., & Starbuck, E. (2012) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0028399 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Evaluating the Parentification Questionnaire: Psychometric Properties and Psychopathology Correlates
Hooper, L. M., & Wallace, S. A. (2009) · Contemporary Family Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10591-009-9103-9 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Dariotis, J. K., Chen, F. R., Park, Y. R., Nowak, M. K., French, K. M., & Codamon, A. M. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20136197 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Leung, J. T. Y., Shek, D. T. L., & Li, L. (2016) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-016-0469-3 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Estrada-Martínez, L. M., Caldwell, C. H., Bauermeister, J. A., & Zimmerman, M. A. (2012) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-012-9778-3 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Van Loon, L. M. A., Van de Ven, M. O. M., Van Doesum, K. T. M., Hosman, C. M. H., & Witteman, C. L. M. (2017) · Family Process · doi:10.1111/famp.12165 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Fuligni, A. J., Telzer, E. H., Bower, J. E., Irwin, M. R., Kiang, L., & Cole, S. W. (2009) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2009.02.021 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Ethnic Differences in the Developmental Significance of Parentification
Khafi, T. Y., Yates, T. M., & Luthar, S. S. (2014) · Family Process · doi:10.1111/famp.12072 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Adolescent Family Context and Adult Identity Formation
Benson, J. E., & Johnson, M. K. (2009) · Journal of Family Issues · doi:10.1177/0192513x09332967 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
The strains of maternal imprisonment: Importation and deprivation stressors for women and children
Foster, H. (2012) · Journal of Criminal Justice · doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2012.01.005 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Children's Counter‐narratives of Care: Towards Educational Justice
Luttrell, W. (2013) · Children & Society · doi:10.1111/chso.12033 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Family Systems and Sibling Relationships
Cox, M. J. (2010) · Child Development Perspectives · doi:10.1111/j.1750-8606.2010.00124.x · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Young Men's Reentry After Incarceration: A Developmental Paradox
Arditti, J. A., & Parkman, T. (2011) · Family Relations · doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2010.00643.x · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Hafford, C. (2009) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2009.05.003 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
The positive and negative aspects of parentification: An integrated review
Masiran, R., Ibrahim, N., Awang, H., & Lim, P. Y. (2023) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2022.106709 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Varner, F. A., & Mandara, J. (2013) · Journal of Research on Adolescence · doi:10.1111/jora.12063 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Maternal Distress and Parenting in the Context of Cumulative Disadvantage
Arditti, J. A., Burton, L. M., & NEEVES‐BOTELHO, S. (2010) · Family Process · doi:10.1111/j.1545-5300.2010.01315.x · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationTelzer, E. H., & Fuligni, A. J. (2009) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-008-9391-7 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Harknett, K., Schneider, D., & Luhr, S. W. (2020) · Social Problems · doi:10.1093/socpro/spaa020 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Trying to Comfort the Parent: A Qualitative Study of Children Dealing With Parental Depression
Parys, H. V., & Rober, P. (2012) · Journal of Marital and Family Therapy · doi:10.1111/j.1752-0606.2012.00304.x · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Burton, S., Hooper, L. M., Tomek, S., Cauley, B., Washington, A., & Pössel, P. (2018) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-018-1215-0 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Hooper, L. M., Doehler, K., Jankowski, P. J., & Tomek, S. E. (2012) · The Family Journal · doi:10.1177/1066480711435320 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Murry, V. M., & Lippold, M. A. (2018) · Journal of Research on Adolescence · doi:10.1111/jora.12390 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Kuperminc, G. P., Wilkins, N. J., Jurkovic, G. J., & Perilla, J. L. (2013) · Journal of Family Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0031880 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Impact of Family Caregiving by Youth on Their Psychological Well-Being: A Latent Trait Analysis
Cohén, D., Greene, J. A., Toyinbo, P. A., & Siskowski, C. T. (2012) · The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research · doi:10.1007/s11414-011-9264-9 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
The Social Construction of Age: Concepts and Measurement
Johfre, S. S., & Saperstein, A. (2023) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev-soc-031021-121020 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Childhood Poverty and the Transition to Adulthood
Kendig, S. M., Mattingly, M., & Bianchi, S. M. (2014) · Family Relations · doi:10.1111/fare.12061 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Hatala, A. R., Pearl, T., Bird‐Naytowhow, K., Judge, A., Sjoblom, E., & Liebenberg, L. (2017) · Qualitative Health Research · doi:10.1177/1049732317712489 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Lippold, M. A., Hussong, A. M., Fosco, G. M., & Ram, N. (2017) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/dev0000415 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Luhr, S. W. (2018) · Journal of Family and Economic Issues · doi:10.1007/s10834-018-9573-8 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
The relative contributions of parents and siblings to child and adolescent development
Tucker, C. J., & Updegraff, K. A. (2009) · New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development · doi:10.1002/cd.254 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Age, the Life Course, and the Sociological Imagination
Dannefer, D. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-380880-6.00001-0 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
East, P. L., & Weisner, T. S. (2009) · Family Relations · doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2009.00575.x · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Doan, S. N., Yu, S. H., Wright, B., Fung, J. J., Saleem, F. T., & Lau, A. S. (2022) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-022-00389-1 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Family Social Support Networks of African American and Black Caribbean Adolescents
Cross, C. J., Taylor, R. J., & Chatters, L. M. (2018) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-018-1116-2 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Transition to Adulthood of Former Foster Youth
Pryce, J. M., Napolitano, L. J., & Samuels, G. M. (2017) · Emerging Adulthood · doi:10.1177/2167696816685231 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Shaw, D. S., Sitnick, S. L., Brennan, L. M., Choe, D. E., Dishion, T. J., Wilson, M. N., & Gardner, F. E. M. (2015) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579415001212 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
We are in this Together: Retrospective Parentification, Sibling Relationships, and Self-Esteem
Borchet, J., Lewandowska-Walter, A., Połomski, P., Peplińska, A., & Hooper, L. M. (2020) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-020-01723-3 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Barnes, C. (2019) · University of Michigan Press eBooks · doi:10.3998/mpub.10131793 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Burdens of the what‐if: Vicarious anti‐ Black racism and stress for Black mothers
Brantley, M. (2023) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/jomf.12914 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Stuck in School: How Social Context Shapes School Choice for Inner-City Students
Condliffe, B., Boyd, M. L., & DeLuca, S. (2015) · Teachers College Record The Voice of Scholarship in Education · doi:10.1177/016146811511700304 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Hooper, L. M., Tomek, S., Bond, J. M., & Reif, M. S. (2015) · The Family Journal · doi:10.1177/1066480714547187 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Hooper, L. M. (2014) · Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development · doi:10.1002/j.2161-1912.2014.00047.x · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Contested by the State: Institutional Offloading in the Case of Crossover Youth
Sirois, C. (2023) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.1177/00031224231160297 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Negotiating Relationships in Single‐Mother Households: Perspectives of Children and Mothers
Nixon, E., Greene, S. M., & Hogan, D. (2012) · Family Relations · doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2011.00678.x · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Hooper, L. M. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1695-2_169 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
The Stigmatization and Resilience of a Female Indigenous Mexican Immigrant
Casanova, S. (2012) · Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1177/0739986312449584 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Palmer, A., Norris, M., & Kelleher, J. (2022) · Child & Family Social Work · doi:10.1111/cfs.12922 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Growing up before their time: The early adultification experiences of homeless young people
Schmitz, R. M., & Tyler, K. A. (2016) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.02.026 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Childrearing and Developmental Trajectories: Positive Pathways, Off-Ramps, and Dynamic Processes
Holden, G. W. (2010) · Child Development Perspectives · doi:10.1111/j.1750-8606.2010.00148.x · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Borchet, J., Lewandowska-Walter, A., & Rostowska, T. (2018) · Current Issues in Personality Psychology · doi:10.5114/cipp.2018.75750 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Roy, K. M., Messina, L. A., Smith, J. R., & Waters, D. (2014) · New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development · doi:10.1002/cad.20054 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Chains of Adversity: The Time-Varying Consequences of Paternal Incarceration for Adolescent Behavior
Turney, K. (2021) · Journal of Quantitative Criminology · doi:10.1007/s10940-020-09485-3 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Family Obligation Values as a Protective and Vulnerability Factor Among Low-Income Adolescent Girls
Milan, S., & Wortel, S. N. (2014) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-014-0206-8 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Parental Incarceration and the Transition to Adulthood
Turney, K., & Lanuza, Y. R. (2017) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/jomf.12429 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Roles for Schools and School Social Workers in Improving Child Food Security
Fram, M. S., Frongillo, E. A., Fishbein, E. M., & Burke, M. P. (2014) · Children & Schools · doi:10.1093/cs/cdu018 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Neighborhoods and health during the transition to adulthood: A scoping review
Bishop, A. S., Walker, S. C., Herting, J. R., & Hemphill, S. A. (2020) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102336 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Ungar, M. T., Theron, L. C., & Didkowsky, N. (2011) · Family Relations · doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2010.00645.x · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Hooper, L. M., Wallace, S. A., Doehler, K., & Dantzler, J. (2012) · Journal of Comparative Family Studies · doi:10.3138/jcfs.43.6.811 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Reevaluating the “Subjective Weathering” Hypothesis
Benson, J. (2014) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.1177/0022146514521214 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Sang, J., Cederbaum, J. A., & Hurlburt, M. S. (2014) · Family Process · doi:10.1111/famp.12038 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Arellano, B., Mier-Chairez, J., Tomek, S., & Hooper, L. M. (2018) · Journal of Mental Health Counseling · doi:10.17744/mehc.40.4.07 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Parentyfikacja w rodzinach z problemem alkoholowym
Grzegorzewska, I. (2016) · Alcoholism and Drug Addiction · doi:10.1016/j.alkona.2016.03.004 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Newman, T. J., & Anderson‐Butcher, D. (2021) · Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research · doi:10.1086/715890 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Singer, E. R., & Berzin, S. C. (2014) · Journal of Public Child Welfare · doi:10.1080/15548732.2014.983290 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“My Mother’s Keeper”: The Effects of Parentification on Black Female College Students
Gilford, T. T., & Reynolds, A. L. (2010) · Journal of Black Psychology · doi:10.1177/0095798410372624 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
The Effects of Student Loans on Long-Term Household Financial Stability
Gicheva, D., & Thompson, J. P. (2015) · doi:10.17848/9780880994873.ch9 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Parent Socialization Effects in Different Cultures: Significance of Directive Parenting
Sorkhabi, N. (2012) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/10.02.17.21.pr0.110.3.854-878 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Child language brokering: challenges in Spanish intercultural education
Díaz, C. P. (2019) · Intercultural Education · doi:10.1080/14675986.2018.1540107 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Continuing education: Toward a life‐course perspective on social learning
Giordano, P. C. (2020) · Criminology · doi:10.1111/1745-9125.12244 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Chen, F. R., Dariotis, J. K., & Granger, D. A. (2018) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.02.023 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Growing Up Too “Fast”: Black Girls’ Sexual Development
Crooks, N. K., King, B., Donenberg, G. R., & Sales, J. M. (2023) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/s11199-023-01390-w · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Shade, K., Kools, S. M., Weiss, S. J., & Pinderhughes, H. L. (2011) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1744-6171.2011.00274.x · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Cho, A., & Lee, S. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22737 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
- Authors
- Burton, L.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Burton, Linda
- Venue
- Family Relations
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-09-06
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 329-345
- ISSN
- 0197-6664 (ISSN-L)
- 1741-3729
- OpenAlex
- W2169267182
- Cited by
- 438
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 56 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 31
- FWCI
- 39.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Family Relations (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Demography › Family Dynamics and Relationships
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Keywords
- economic disadvantage, low-income households, parentification, child development, conceptual model, children and adolescents
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
