Sequential Processing of Lexical, Grammatical, and Phonological Information Within Broca’s Area
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Seeing the Brain's One, Two, Three: Taking advantage of the rare opportunity to record neuronal activity in the human brain using intracranial electrodes, Sahin et al. (p. 445 ; see the Perspective by Hagoort and Levelt ) document the spatial and temporal pattern of neuronal populations within Broca's area as patients thought of a single word, changed its tense (for verbs) or number (for nouns), and articulated the word silently. For these three stages, they detected activity at 200, 320, and 450 milliseconds, moving in a caudal to rostral direction. These data fit neatly within the roughly 600 milliseconds required for the onset of speech and map the distinct neural computations within an area of the brain, known for almost a century and a half, as important for the production of language.
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The main aim of such studies is to learn how the activity of neuronal groups relates to sensation, behavior and cognition.
“The primary goal of such studies is to understand how the activities of groups of neurons are related to sensation, behavior and cognition [14, 117].”
From Implantable neurotechnologies: a review of integrated circuit neural amplifiers (2016) · cites this paper as [117]
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- Authors
- Sahin, N. T., Pinker, S., Cash, S. S., Schomer, D., & Halgren, E.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sahin, Ned T.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2009-10-16
- Volume
- 326
- Issue
- 5951
- Pages
- 445-449
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- PMC
- PMC4030760
- OpenAlex
- W2043247889
- Cited by
- 452
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 71 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 38
- FWCI
- 17.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (T32MH070328)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS-44623, NS 18741, R01NS044623, R01NS018741)
- National Center for Research Resources (P41-RR-14075, P41RR014075)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD18381, R01HD018381)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Keywords
- Broca's area, lexical processing, grammatical processing, phonological processing, local field potentials, intracranial electrophysiology, word reading, grammatical inflection, spatiotemporal neural activity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain Mapping, Electrodes, Implanted, Epilepsy, Female, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Language, Linguistics, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Mental Processes, Middle Aged, Neurons, Speech, Time Factors, Electrophysiological Phenomena
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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