On Broca, brain, and binding: A new framework
Open accessAbstract
In speaking and comprehending language, word information is retrieved from memory and combined into larger units (unification). Unification operations take place in parallel at the semantic, syntactic and phonological levels of processing. This article proposes a new framework that connects psycholinguistic models to a neurobiological account of language. According to this proposal the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) plays an important role in unification. Research in other domains of cognition indicates that left prefrontal cortex has the necessary neurobiological characteristics for its involvement in the unification for language. I offer here a psycholinguistic perspective on the nature of language unification and the role of LIFG.
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This general mechanism for mapping new information onto context is sensitive to contextual fit of incoming linguistic content but is not uniquely implicated in language processing.
“This basic computation is sensitive to the contextual fit of incoming linguistic content (Hagoort, 2005;Hagoort & van Berkum, 2007), but importantly, we argue that it is not uniquely implicated in language processing.”
From Grounding the neurobiology of language in first principles: The necessity of non-language-centric explanations for language comprehension (2018) · cites this paper as Hagoort, 2005
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- Authors
- Hagoort, P.
- Venue
- Trends in Cognitive Sciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-09
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 416-423
- ISSN
- 1364-6613 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2164051460
- Cited by
- 1,411
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 46 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 65 · 2023: 51 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 66 · 2020: 85 · 2019: 81 · 2018: 89 · 2017: 101 · 2016: 70 · 2015: 81 · 2014: 68 · 2013: 86 · 2012: 98
- FWCI
- 3.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Trends in Cognitive Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- Max Planck Digital Library (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
- Keywords
- language unification, left inferior frontal gyrus, left prefrontal cortex, binding, Broca's area, psycholinguistic models, neurobiology of language, word retrieval, parallel computing, syntactic processing, phonological processing, semantic processing
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Brain Mapping, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Language, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Memory, Models, Psychological, Psycholinguistics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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