Neighborhood Effects on the Long-Term Well-Being of Low-Income Adults

Ludwig, Jens; Duncan, Greg J.; Gennetian, Lisa A.; Katz, Lawrence F.; Kessler, Ronald C.; Kling, Jeffrey R.; Sanbonmatsu, Lisa

doi:10.1126/science.1224648

Cited by 747Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation StudiesHealth disparities and outcomesPsychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction

Neighborhood Effects on the Long-Term Well-Being of Low-Income Adults

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Ludwig, Jens, Duncan, Greg J., Gennetian, Lisa A., Katz, Lawrence F., Kessler, Ronald C., Kling, Jeffrey R., Sanbonmatsu, Lisa·2012·Science

DOI 10.1126/science.1224648PMC PMC3491569

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Abstract

Location, Location, Location: It seems obvious that a person's residential neighborhood will influence their sense of well-being, but it has been difficult to nail down cause and effect. Ludwig et al. (p. 1505 ; see the Perspective by Sampson ) describe the analysis, 10 to 15 years onward, of a large-scale social experiment carried out in five U.S. cities in the mid 1990s. Several thousand residents of poor neighborhoods were given housing vouchers that could only be used if they moved into much less poor neighborhoods. In comparison to a similar group of individuals who did not move, those who did experienced substantial improvement in their subjective well-being.

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In the Yonkers Scattered-Site Public Housing Program, moving to middle-income neighborhoods was linked to better self-rated health, less substance use, more employment, and less neighborhood violence exposure.
“Moving to middle-income neighborhoods was associated with better self-reported health and decreased substance use, increased rates of employment, and decreased exposure to neighborhood violence.(37)”
From Evaluating strategies for reducing health disparities by addressing the social determinants of health. (2016) · cites this paper as [37]

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Authors: Ludwig, J., Duncan, G. J., Gennetian, L. A., Katz, L. F., Kessler, R. C., Kling, J. R., & Sanbonmatsu, L.
Affiliations: National Bureau of Economic Research (US)
University of California, Irvine (US)
Brookings Institution (US)
Harvard University (US)
Congressional Budget Office (US)
Corresponding author: Ludwig, Jens
ORCID: Ludwig, Jens
Duncan, Greg J.
Gennetian, Lisa A.
Kessler, Ronald C.
Venue: Science
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published: 2012-09-21
Volume: 337
Issue: 6101
Pages: 1505-1510
ISSN: 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.1224648
PMC: PMC3491569
OpenAlex: W2120406225
Cited by: 747
References: 97
Citations by year: 2026: 32 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 45 · 2022: 57 · 2021: 65 · 2020: 66 · 2019: 57 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 54 · 2016: 59 · 2015: 84 · 2014: 53 · 2013: 45 · 2012: 5
FWCI: 197.27
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (R49CE000906)
National Institute on Aging (R01AG031259, R56AG031259, P20-AG012180, P01-AG005842-22S1, P01AG005842, P30AG012810)
National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH077026)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK092949)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD040444, R01HD040404, R24HD051152)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies
Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
Keywords: neighborhood effects, neighborhood poverty, low-income adults, Moving to Opportunity, residential mobility, subjective well-being, physical health, mental health, racial segregation, income segregation, long-term outcomes
MeSH terms: Adult, Happiness, Housing, Humans, Income, Mental Health, Personal Satisfaction, Poverty, Quality of Life, Residence Characteristics, Social Conditions, United States, United States Government Agencies

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Neighborhood Effects on the Long-Term Well-Being of Low-Income Adults

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