Antifungal lock therapy

Walraven, Carla J.; Lee, Samuel A.

doi:10.1128/aac.01351-12

Cited by 132Antifungal resistance and susceptibilityCentral Venous Catheters and HemodialysisInfective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management

Antifungal lock therapy

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Walraven, Carla J., Lee, Samuel A.·2013·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

DOI 10.1128/aac.01351-12PMC PMC3535896

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Abstract

The widespread use of intravascular devices, such as central venous and hemodialysis catheters, in the past 2 decades has paralleled the increasing incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CR-BSIs). Candida albicans is the fourth leading cause of hospital-associated BSIs. The propensity of C. albicans to form biofilms on these catheters has made these infections difficult to treat due to multiple factors, including increased resistance to antifungal agents. Thus, curing CR-BSIs caused by Candida species usually requires catheter removal in addition to systemic antifungal therapy. Alternatively, antimicrobial lock therapy has received significant interest and shown promise as a strategy to treat CR-BSIs due to Candida species. The existing in vitro, animal, and patient data for treatment of Candida-related CR-BSIs are reviewed. The most promising antifungal lock therapy (AfLT) strategies include use of amphotericin, ethanol, or echinocandins. Clinical trials are needed to further define the safety and efficacy of AfLT.

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There is limited clinical experience with the use of catheter lock therapy to eradicate Candida species from difficult to extract CVCs.
“There is limited clinical experience with the use of this method to eradicate Candida species from difficult to extract CVCs [103].”
From Treatment of Invasive Candidiasis: A Narrative Review (2018) · cites this paper as [103]
Antimicrobial lock therapy has been proposed as an alternative strategy for the prevention and treatment of microbial biofilms, particularly for catheter-related bloodstream infections.
“Antimicrobial lock therapy has been proposed as an alternative strategy for the prevention and treatment of microbial biofilms, particularly for catheter-related bloodstream infections [2,3].”
From In vitro analysis of flufenamic acid activity against Candida albicans biofilms (2014) · cites this paper as [3]

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Authors: Walraven, C. J., & Lee, S. A.
Affiliations: University of New Mexico (US)
ORCID: Walraven, Carla J.
Lee, Samuel A.
Venue: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Published: 2013-01
Volume: 57
Issue: 1
Pages: 1-8
ISSN: 0066-4804 (ISSN-L)
1098-6596
DOI: 10.1128/aac.01351-12
PMC: PMC3535896
OpenAlex: W2118449094
Cited by: 132
References: 82
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 10 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 13
FWCI: 11.04
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
europepmc.org
Licence: journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license (tdm)
Locations: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
Health Sciences › Health Professions › Emergency Medical Services › Central Venous Catheters and Hemodialysis
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
Keywords: catheter-related bloodstream infection, Candida albicans, biofilm, central venous catheters, hemodialysis catheter, antifungal resistance, amphotericin, ethanol, echinocandins, catheter removal
MeSH terms: Ethanol, Amphotericin B, Antifungal Agents, Candida albicans, Candidiasis, Catheterization, Central Venous, Catheters, Indwelling, Clinical Trials as Topic, Heparin, Humans, Iron Chelating Agents, Biofilms, Echinocandins, Catheter-Related Infections

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