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Impact of Dietary Resistant Starch on the Human Gut Microbiome, Metaproteome, and Metabolome
Open accessAbstract
Diet can influence the composition of the human microbiome, and yet relatively few dietary ingredients have been systematically investigated with respect to their impact on the functional potential of the microbiome. Dietary resistant starch (RS) has been shown to have health benefits, but we lack a mechanistic understanding of the metabolic processes that occur in the gut during digestion of RS. Here, we collected samples during a dietary crossover study with diets containing large or small amounts of RS. We determined the impact of RS on the gut microbiome and metabolic pathways in the gut, using a combination of “omics” approaches, including 16S rRNA gene sequencing, metaproteomics, and metabolomics. This multiomics approach captured changes in the abundance of specific bacterial species, proteins, and metabolites after a diet high in resistant starch (HRS), providing key insights into the influence of dietary interventions on the gut microbiome. The combined data showed that a high-RS diet caused an increase in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, including increases in relative abundances of some specific members of the Firmicutes and concurrent increases in enzymatic pathways and metabolites involved in lipid metabolism in the gut. IMPORTANCE This work was undertaken to obtain a mechanistic understanding of the complex interplay between diet and the microorganisms residing in the intestine. Although it is known that gut microbes play a key role in digestion of the food that we consume, the specific contributions of different microorganisms are not well understood. In addition, the metabolic pathways and resultant products of metabolism during digestion are highly complex. To address these knowledge gaps, we used a combination of molecular approaches to determine the identities of the microorganisms in the gut during digestion of dietary starch as well as the metabolic pathways that they carry out. Together, these data provide a more complete picture of the function of the gut microbiome in digestion, including links between an RS diet and lipid metabolism and novel linkages between specific gut microbes and their metabolites and proteins produced in the gut.
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“The sympathetic and parasympathetic systems can influence ENS neurocircuitry, resulting in changes in motility which can affect the rate of delivery of pre and pro-biotics to the small intestine and colon, including resistant starches and dietary fibers, and other critical microbial nutrients (Maier et al., 2017).”
From The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis (2019) · cites this paper as Maier et al., 2017
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“A randomized study of 39 individuals found that a high resistant starch diet resulted in a significant increase in the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes, along with an increase in the overall relative abundance of Firmicutes, alongside an increase in enzymatic pathways and metabolites associated with lipid metabolism in the gut (Maier et al., 2017).”
From The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis (2019) · cites this paper as Maier et al., 2017
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“Diets high in MACs alter microbiota composition in humans within days or weeks (10, 11).”
From The gut microbiota at the intersection of diet and human health (2018) · cites this paper as [11]
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“Different resistant starches have been shown to induce different changes in the gut microbiota composition in animal models (Lyte et al., 2016;Maier et al., 2017).”
From The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis (2019) · cites this paper as Maier et al., 2017
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Metadata
- Authors
- Maier, T. V., Lucio, M., Lee, L. H., VerBerkmoes, N. C., Brislawn, C. J., Bernhardt, J., Lamendella, R., McDermott, J. E., Bergeron, N., Heinzmann, S. S., Morton, J. T., González, A., Ackermann, G., Knight, R., Riedel, K., Krauss, R. M., Schmitt-Kopplin, P., & Jansson, J. K.
- Affiliations
- Helmholtz Munich (DE)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- The University of Texas at El Paso (US)
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (US)
- Universität Greifswald (DE)
- Juniata College (US)
- Touro University California (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California, USA
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Corresponding author
- Jansson, Janet K.
- ORCID
- Venue
- mBio
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2017-11-08
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 5
- ISSN
- 2150-7511 (ISSN-L)
- 2161-2129
- PMC
- PMC5646248
- OpenAlex
- W2765206455
- Cited by
- 316
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 10.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- mBio (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PuSH - Publication Server of Helmholtz Zentrum München (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Touro Scholar (Touro College) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Site cant be reached (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Ingredion Incorporated
- HHS | National Institutes of Health (DK086472)
- DOE | Laboratory Directed Research and Development
- General Mills
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Food composition and properties
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Keywords
- resistant starch, gut microbiota, metaproteomics, metabolomics, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, lipid metabolism, microbial metabolic pathways, diet-microbiome interactions, gut microbiota metabolites
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Bacteria, Diet, DNA, Bacterial, DNA, Ribosomal, Humans, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Starch, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Proteome, Proteomics, Metabolomics, Metabolome, Microbiota
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