Ploidy Variation in Fungi: Polyploidy, Aneuploidy, and Genome Evolution
Open accessAbstract
The ability of an organism to replicate and segregate its genome with high fidelity is vital to its survival and for the production of future generations. Errors in either of these steps (replication or segregation) can lead to a change in ploidy or chromosome number. While these drastic genome changes can be detrimental to the organism, resulting in decreased fitness, they can also provide increased fitness during periods of stress. A change in ploidy or chromosome number can fundamentally change how a cell senses and responds to its environment. Here, we discuss current ideas in fungal biology that illuminate how eukaryotic genome size variation can impact the organism at a cellular and evolutionary level. One of the most fascinating observations from the past 2 decades of research is that some fungi have evolved the ability to tolerate large genome size changes and generate vast genomic heterogeneity without undergoing canonical meiosis.
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In heterozygous diploids like C. albicans, loss of heterozygosity is another common resistance mechanism.
“For heterozygous diploids such as C. albicans, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is another frequent mechanism of resistance (reviewed in Refs. 52 and 53).”
From Drug resistance and tolerance in fungi. (2020) · cites this paper as [53]
The Introduction describes C. albicans as generally diploid, and section 4 reports loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in C. albicans cells (page numbers unavailable). The paper does not say LOH is a frequent resistance mechanism; its discussion of fluconazole resistance in section 6 instead concerns aneuploidy and gene amplification. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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Drug resistance and tolerance in fungi.
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- Authors
- Todd, R. T., Forche, A., & Selmecki, A.
- Affiliations
- Creighton University (US)
- Bowdoin College (US)
- Venue
- Microbiology Spectrum
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2017-08-25
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 4
- ISSN
- 2165-0497 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5656283
- OpenAlex
- W2740612628
- Cited by
- 121
- References
- 178
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 1.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Microbiology Spectrum (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Bowdoin - Digital Commons (Bowdoin College) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R15AI090633)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Keywords
- ploidy variation, polyploidy, aneuploidy, fungal genome evolution, genome size variation, chromosome number, chromosome segregation, genomic heterogeneity, stress tolerance, fungal fitness
- MeSH terms
- Aneuploidy, Fungi, Ploidies, Polyploidy, Genetic Variation, Genome, Fungal, Evolution, Molecular
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