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Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth: An Integration of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, and Sleep
Open accessAbstract
Leaders from the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology convened representatives of national organizations, content experts, methodologists, stakeholders, and end-users who followed rigorous and transparent guideline development procedures to create the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth: An Integration of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, and Sleep. These novel guidelines for children and youth aged 5-17 years respect the natural and intuitive integration of movement behaviours across the whole day (24-h period). The development process was guided by the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument and systematic reviews of evidence informing the guidelines were assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Four systematic reviews (physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep, integrated behaviours) examining the relationships between and among movement behaviours and several health indicators were completed and interpreted by expert consensus. Complementary compositional analyses were performed using Canadian Health Measures Survey data to examine the relationships between movement behaviours and health indicators. A stakeholder survey was employed (n = 590) and 28 focus groups/stakeholder interviews (n = 104) were completed to gather feedback on draft guidelines. Following an introductory preamble, the guidelines provide evidence-informed recommendations for a healthy day (24 h), comprising a combination of sleep, sedentary behaviours, light-, moderate-, and vigorous-intensity physical activity. Proactive dissemination, promotion, implementation, and evaluation plans have been prepared in an effort to optimize uptake and activation of the new guidelines. Future research should consider the integrated relationships among movement behaviours, and similar integrated guidelines for other age groups should be developed.
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In the citing paper
“In order to preserve both overall mental health and cognitive functioning, both Canada's 15 and Australia's 16 24-Hour Movement Guidelines have adopted a 'whole day time-use' paradigm for young people, recommending that each day should include at least 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous exercise, several hours of light physical activity, no more than two hours of sedentary leisure activities, and 8-11”
From A meta-review of "lifestyle psychiatry": the role of exercise, smoking, diet and sleep in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders (2020) · cites this paper as [15]
In the citing paper
“Recent 24-h movement guidelines have promoted whole-day movement patterns that target both enhanced MVPA and restriction of sedentary time (ST).6”
From A mixed-studies systematic review and meta-analysis of school-based interventions to promote physical activity and/or reduce sedentary time in children (2020) · cites this paper as [6]
In the citing paper
“A specific policy in Japan (limiting the distance between the children and youth homes and the public elementary and junior high schools) 77 and the high density of Hong Kong, Japanese, and South Korean cities, allow children and youth to live a short trip away from their school, which can minimize the use of cars or other forms of motorized vehicles, and promote active travel.25,78,79”
From Global Matrix 3.0 Physical Activity Report Card Grades for Children and Youth: Results and Analysis From 49 Countries (2018) · cites this paper as [78]
In the citing paper
“the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth (aged 5 to 17 years) have been released in 2016 and recommend ≥60 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), ≤2 h/day of recreational screen time, and 9 to 11 h of sleep per day for 5- to 13-year-olds or 8 to 10 h of sleep per day for 14- to 17-year-olds to support healthy development [17].”
In the citing paper
“To our knowledge, this is the first time the relationship between 24-h movement guidelines and mental health indicators in children and adolescents has been systematically reviewed since the release of aforementioned guidelines in 2016 [17].”
In the citing paper
“This is in line with current recommendations and previous research showing that MVPA, screen time and sleep duration are the components of the 24-h day that are more strongly associated with obesity and other health outcomes [2, 4, 11, 14].”
From Proportion of children meeting recommendations for 24-hour movement guidelines and associations with adiposity in a 12-country study (2016) · cites this paper as [4]
Citations
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BackgroundGRADE guidelines: 1. Introduction—GRADE evidence profiles and summary of findings tables
Guyatt, G., Oxman, A. D., Akl, E. A., Kunz, R., Vist, G., Brozek, J., Norris, S., Falck-Ytter, Y., Glasziou, P., & deBeer, H. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.04.026 · Cited by 10,681 · cited 3×
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MethodGRADE guidelines: 3. Rating the quality of evidence
Balshem, H., Helfand, M., Schünemann, H. J., Oxman, A. D., Kunz, R., Brozek, J., Vist, G. E., Falck-Ytter, Y., Meerpohl, J., & Norris, S. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.07.015 · Cited by 8,285 · cited 2×
“For all systematic reviews, the quality of evidence was assessed by outcome/indicator and study design, using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach (Balshem et al. 2011; Guyatt et al. 2011).”
MethodAGREE II: advancing guideline development, reporting and evaluation in health care
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Self-citationSystematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged children and youth.
Tremblay, M. S., LeBlanc, A. G., Kho, M. E., Saunders, T. J., Larouche, R., Colley, R. C., Goldfield, G., & Gorber, S. (2011) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/1479-5868-8-98 · Cited by 2,085
Self-citationPhysiological and health implications of a sedentary lifestyle
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“…seem inappropriate or counter-intuitive to include sedentary behaviour and sleep in a list of “movement behaviours”, we do so throughout this paper and the guidelines in the context of a movement continuum (Tremblay et al. 2010a) and to succinctly capture the relevant components of the whole day.”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationManaging Clinical Knowledge for Health Care Improvement
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“2011; ParticipACTION 2015, 2016), sleep (Chaput et al. 2016; Owens 2014; Matricciani et al. 2012; ParticipACTION 2016), and obesity (Gotay et al.”
Background
Research works printed but not linked: 3
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Cited by
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Items 601–700 of 1,001
Su, Y., Zhang, Y., Chen, S., Hong, J., & Wang, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.729641 · Cited by 19
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“Therefore, although this scale is conceptualized under the movement continuum [16, 41], the findings show that it is conceptually not compatible with the assessment of PL and does not belong to it.”
BackgroundSantos, M., Burton, E. T., Cadieux, A. M., Gaffka, B. J. S., Shaffer, L. A., Cook, J., & Tucker, J. M. (2022) · Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1080/08964289.2022.2077294 · Cited by 21
“12 The Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth 12 was developed based on evidence that low physical activity, high sedentary behavior, and inadequate sleep, both alone and in combination, were consistently associated with adiposity and impaired cardiometabolic, mental, and…”
BackgroundTapia-Serrano, M. Á., Sevil-Serrano, J., Sánchez-Oliva, D., Vaquero-Solís, M., & Sánchez-Miguel, P. A. (2022) · Revista de Psicodidáctica · doi:10.1016/j.psicod.2021.05.002 · Cited by 14
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Straatmann, V., Almquist, Y., Oliveira, A., Veiga, G., Rostila, M., & Lopes, C. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0211470 · Cited by 14
Ensenyat, A., Serra‐Payá, N., & Sagarra‐Romero, L. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Health Research · doi:10.1080/09603123.2019.1609656 · Cited by 17
“In that context, Tremblay et al. (2016) advocate the ‘ whole day matters ’ , and recommend that all movement behaviours over the whole day should be considered instead of just focusing on each one separately.”
BackgroundBrown, D. M. Y., & Ronen, G. M. (2021) · Epilepsy & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108386 · Cited by 18
Caldwell, H. A. T., Miller, M. B., Tweedie, C., Zahavich, J. B. L., Cockett, E., & Rehman, L. A. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19095640 · Cited by 17
“Some parents have reported that they felt children were not getting enough heart-pumping, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during the pandemic [3] Given the established physical, psychological/social, and cognitive health benefits of engaging in physical activity for children and youths [4], the observed…”
BackgroundSchaan, C. W., Cureau, F. V., Sbaraini, M., Sparrenberger, K., Kohl, H. W., & Schaan, B. D. (2019) · Jornal de Pediatria (Versão em Português) · doi:10.1016/j.jpedp.2018.06.016 · Cited by 17
Sun, H. Q., Lim, V., Low, J., & Kee, S. (2022) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103668 · Cited by 19
Physical Activity Patterns Among Adolescents in Latin America and the Caribbean Region
Bernabé‐Ortiz, A., & Carrillo-Larco, R. M. (2022) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2022-0136 · Cited by 21
Kracht, C. L., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Champagne, C. M., Broyles, S. T., Hsia, D. S., Newton, R. L., & Staiano, A. E. (2022) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003018 · Cited by 19
“Recognizing the collective influence of these three health behaviors that occur within the 24-h day, Canada released the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for physical activity, sedentary screen time, and sleep for children and adolescents in 2016 (5).”
BackgroundSelf-citationLin, E.-Y. J., Witten, K., Carroll, P., Romeo, J. S., Donnellan, N., & Smith, M. (2022) · Children s Geographies · doi:10.1080/14733285.2022.2121913 · Cited by 18
“…activity guidelines recommend that children and youth accrue an average of 60 min MVPA daily (Bull et al. 2020; Ministry of Health 2017; Tremblay et al. 2016), which can be achieved via a range of activities in a variety of settings (Ridley, Ainsworth, and Olds 2008; Ridley, Olds, and…”
BackgroundBaiden, P., Spoor, S. P., Nicholas, J. K., Brown, F. A., LaBrenz, C. A., & Spadola, C. (2022) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2022.10.005 · Cited by 18
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“Current international guidelines establish that children aged 5 to 13 years should sleep at least 9 h per day and that adolescents aged 14 to 17 years should sleep at least 8 h [34,35].”
BackgroundResultPorter, C. D., McPhee, P. G., KWAN, M. Y. W., Timmons, B. W., & Brown, D. M. Y. (2023) · Disability and health journal · doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2023.101476 · Cited by 17
Hossain, M. S., Raheem, E., & Okely, A. D. (2023) · Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1002/brb3.3094 · Cited by 17
“These guidelines recommend that, over a 24-hour period, children spend less than 120 min in sedentary recreational screen time and obtain between 9 and 11 h of uninterrupted sleep per night (DOH, 2019; Tremblay et al., 2016).”
BackgroundSelf-citationGodoy-Cumillaf, A. E. R., Fuentes-Merino, P., Farías‐Valenzuela, C., Bastías, D. M. D., Giakoni-Ramírez, F., Bruneau-Chávez, J., & Merellano-Navarro, E. (2023) · Children · doi:10.3390/children10060981 · Cited by 30
“On the other hand, with the aim of having healthy habits, 24 h movement pattern recommendations have been elaborated for children and young people, where sedentary behavior and physical activity are complemented with sleep [26].”
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Self-citationHuang, J., Li, X., Li, G., Haegele, J. A., Zou, L., Chen, S., & Li, C. (2024) · Disability and health journal · doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101616 · Cited by 17
Kehrig, A. M., Björkman, K. M., Muhajarine, N., Johnston, J. D., & Kontulainen, S. A. (2018) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2018-0406 · Cited by 17
“…for 46 Children and Youth, recommend at least 60 minutes, per day, of moderate-to-vigorous physical 47 activity (MVPA), and vigorous physical activity (VPA) along with muscle and bone 48 strengthening activities at least 3 times per week (Tremblay et al. 2016; World Health 49 Organization 2010).”
BackgroundMethodTemporal associations between circadian sleep and activity patterns in Mexican American children
Martinez, S. M., Tschann, J., McCulloch, C., Sites, E., Butte, N., Gregorich, S. E., Penilla, C., Flores, E., Pasch, L., Greenspan, L. C., et al. (2018) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2018.10.012 · Cited by 15
“Researchers are just beginning to consider the complete 24-hour clock of circadian sleep and activity patterns, and until now, research is just beginning to examine the relationships between PA, sedentary behavior, and sleep duration over time.(11) Research in this area is needed, particularly among Latino children, g…”
Increasing Wellness Through Physical Activity in Children With Chronic Disease and Disability
Coleman, N. J., Nemeth, B. A., & LeBlanc, C. M. A. (2018) · Current Sports Medicine Reports · doi:10.1249/jsr.0000000000000548 · Cited by 22
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“…and more feasible ways to assess physical behaviours in free-living environments, but few studies have been conducted in Latin America due to different factors such as related costs, political priorities and lack of research training and capacities, for example (Mark S. Tremblay et al., 2016).”
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on behalf of the Feel4Diabetes-study group, Latomme, J., Huys, N., Cardon, G., Morgan, P. J., Lateva, M. P., Chakarova, N. Y., Kivelä, J., Lindström, J., Androutsos, O., et al. (2019) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-019-0864-8 · Cited by 18
“2, ten effects can be estimated in each model [1]; the total effect (c-path), representing the effect of BMI of the father on BMI of the child, [2] the direct effect (c’-path), representing the direct effect of BMI of the father on BMI of the child, [3] five ‘intermediate’ effects; the effect of BMI of the father on M…”
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Smit, D. J. M., Zwinkels, M., Takken, T., Hulst, R. Y., de Groot, J. F., Lankhorst, K., & Verschuren, O. W. (2020) · Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health · doi:10.1111/jpc.15055 · Cited by 17
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“Differences compared to the current study, especially in sedentary time and sleep, are most likely attributable to the inclusion of 6 to 14-years-olds, as movement behaviors often change as a function of age [3].”
BackgroundResultInfluentialLee, S. T., Wong, J. E., Chan, G. K. L., & Poh, B. K. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18094611 · Cited by 18
“The recommended daily sleep time is 10 to 13 h for children aged 4 years [32]; and 9 to 11 h for children aged 5 to 6 years [34].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSleep Quality and Emotional State of Medical Students in Dubai
Meer, H., Jeyaseelan, L., & Sultan, M. A. (2022) · Sleep Disorders · doi:10.1155/2022/8187547 · Cited by 17
“This study has shown total duration of sleep amongst participants as being below recommended guidelines [12, 13].”
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“Introduction The Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines [1] recommend that, in a single day, children and young people aged 5–17 years should accumulate at least an average of 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and no more than 2 h of recreational screen time (hereafter referred to as scre…”
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Individual Correlates of Sleep Among Childbearing Age Women in Canada
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“Canada developed sleep duration recommendations for children and youth 5 to 17 years of age (Tremblay et al., 2016), but not for adults.”
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“These guidelines were launched based on the results of four systematic reviews, investigating associations between PA, SB, sleep, and movement combinations, each one with health indicators [3].”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationAbadi, M. R. H., Hase, B., Dell, C. A., Johnston, J. D., & Kontulainen, S. A. (2022) · Anthrozoös · doi:10.1080/08927936.2022.2027091 · Cited by 20
“…with ASD in both intensive aerobic and impact-type of PA. Engaging in at least 60 min of daily MVPA and activities loading bone (at least 3 days/week) is recommended for all children because of the related health benefits (Kontulainen & Johnston, 2021; Poitras et al., 2016; Tremblay et al., 2016).”
BackgroundThe neighborhood physical environment and the 24-hour movement behavior composition among children
Campbell, J. E., & Janssen, I. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Health Research · doi:10.1080/09603123.2022.2041562 · Cited by 16
“Researchers now recognize the health relevance of the movement intensities that make up the remaining 95% of the day, including light-intensity physical activity (LIPA) (e.g. standing, walking slowly), sedentary behavior (SED) (e.g. sitting), and sleep (Tremblay et al. 2016).”
BackgroundSelf-citationActiGraph Cutpoints Impact Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Outcomes in Young Children
Breau, B., Coyle-Asbil, H. J., Haines, J., David, W. L., Vallis, L. A., & _, _. (2022) · Journal for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour · doi:10.1123/jmpb.2021-0042 · Cited by 16
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“This allows for some normal day-to-day variability, and the daily average is used predominantly in the studies upon which the guidelines are based (Tremblay et al., 2016).”
BackgroundMethodPfledderer, C. D., Beets, M. W., Burkart, S. A., Adams, E. L., Weaver, R. G., Zhu, X., & Armstrong, B. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph191811211 · Cited by 17
Being physically active with epilepsy: Insights from young people and their parents
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“For children, several current physical activity guidelines [6, 7] recommend recreational screen time of no more than 2 h per day (i.”
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Descarpentry, A., Melchior, M., Galéra, C., Hazo, J., Falissard, B., Warszawski, J., Davisse‐Paturet, C., Rouquette, A., The EpiCoV Study Group, Warszawski, J., et al. (2023) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-023-02241-5 · Cited by 20
“To the best of our knowledge, no international consensus exists for children older than five years, but some academic societies advise limiting screen time to two hours a day among school-aged children and adolescents [22].”
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Self-citationUsing random forest to identify correlates of depression symptoms among adolescents
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The Association between Sleep and Theory of Mind in School Aged Children with ADHD
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Self-citationDescriptive Report of the Impact of Fatigue and Current Management Strategies in Cerebral Palsy
Brunton, L. K. (2018) · Pediatric Physical Therapy · doi:10.1097/pep.0000000000000490 · Cited by 16
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“While this is the level of behaviour recommended to achieve the maximum health benefits of activity [1], recent Canadian physical activity research has suggested considering the importance of different levels of activity and sedentary behaviour [3,8].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialChallenges in global surveillance of physical activity
Tremblay, M. S. (2019) · The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/s2352-4642(19)30348-7 · Cited by 16
Self-citationLugossy, A.-M., Chow, A. F., & Humbert, M. L. (2021) · Early Childhood Education Journal · doi:10.1007/s10643-021-01163-8 · Cited by 16
O’Loughlin, E. K., Sabiston, C. M., deJonge, M. L., Lucibello, K. M., & O’Loughlin, J. L. (2021) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/13591053211008209 · Cited by 17
“accumulating at least 150 minutes of MVPA per week (Tremblay et al., 2016).”
BackgroundSoltero, E. G., Jáuregui, A., Hernandez, E., Barquera, S., Jáuregui, E., Lopez-Taylor, J. R., Ortiz-Hernández, L., Lévesque, L., & Lee, R. E. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18136788 · Cited by 16
“The relationship between screen time and obesity is driven in part by reduced physical activity and overall increased energy intake [10,11].”
BackgroundGuedes, D. P., & Zuppa, M. A. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19148798 · Cited by 16
“Thus, these results highlight the importance of addressing the movement behaviors from an integrative and holistic approach, in an attempt to increase physical activity and sleep duration, while attempting to reduce recreational screen time [34].”
BackgroundMitra, R., Cantello, I. D., Buliung, R. N., & Faulkner, G. (2017) · Journal of Transport & Health · doi:10.1016/j.jth.2017.03.010 · Cited by 16
Self-citationThe impact of sedentary and physical activity behaviour on frailty in middle-aged and older adults
Kehler, D. S. (2018) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2018-0092 · Cited by 17
Association between sleep and overweight/obesity among women of childbearing age in Canada
Vézina‐Im, L., Lebel, A., Gagnon, P., Nicklas, T. A., & Baranowski, T. (2018) · Canadian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.17269/s41997-018-0071-4 · Cited by 16
Miguel, P. A. S., Vaquero‐Solís, M., Sánchez‐Oliva, D., González, J. J. P., López-Gajardo, M. Á., & Tapia‐Serrano, M. Á. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12155893 · Cited by 21
“The goal will be to meet with the PA recommendations [1] and guidelines of sedentary screen time based on 24-h movement for adolescents [41].”
BackgroundMethodLeng, H., Xiang, X., & Li, S. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1626157 · Cited by 19
Zgambo, M., Anyango, E., Arabiat, D. H., Ngune, I., Mörelius, E., Zhang, M., & Whitehead, L. (2025) · JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting · doi:10.2196/70745 · Cited by 15
“…of Exercise Physiology released the 24-hour movement guidelines tailored for children and young people aged 5 to 17 years, which are intended to assist parents and educators to promote appropriate daily levels of physical activity, manage screen time, and ensure adequate sleep duration [10].”
Exploring the impact of the ‘new’ ParticipACTION: overview and introduction of the special issue
Faulkner, G., Yun, L., Tremblay, M. S., & Spence, J. C. (2018) · Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada · doi:10.24095/hpcdp.38.4.01 · Cited by 15
Self-citationGuimarães, R. D. F., Mathieu, M.-E., Reid, R. E. R., Henderson, M., & Barnett, T. A. (2021) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2020-0389 · Cited by 15
Crozier, M., Wasenius, N., Denize, K. M., da Silva, D. F., Nagpal, T. S., & Adamo, K. B. (2021) · Health Education & Behavior · doi:10.1177/10901981211033234 · Cited by 15
“Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines for children aged 5 to 17 years recommend at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) every day, and several hours of a variety of structured and unstructured light physical activity opportunities (Tremblay et al., 2016).”
BackgroundMethodWALES 2021 Active Healthy Kids (AHK) Report Card: The Fourth Pandemic of Childhood Inactivity
Richards, A. B., Mackintosh, K. A., Swindell, N. J., Ward, M., Marchant, E., James, M., Edwards, L. C., Tyler, R., Blain, D., Wainwright, N., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19138138 · Cited by 16
Self-citationOkazaki, K., Koyama, Y., & Ohkawara, K. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-15523-w · Cited by 18
Sociodemographic differences in 24-hour time-use behaviours in New Zealand children
Hedayatrad, L., Stewart, T. I., Paine, S., Marks, E. J., Walker, C. G., & Duncan, S. (2022) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-022-01358-1 · Cited by 15
“Advocating this approach, Canada pioneered the 24-h Movement Guidelines for children and youth, which integrated the previous distinct guidelines for each behaviour [7].”
BackgroundYman, J., Helgadóttir, B., Kjellenberg, K., & Nyberg, G. (2022) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/apa.16556 · Cited by 25
Sun, W., Li, J., Zhou, J., Li, S., Hou, L., Xiao, W., Luo, Z., Shan, S., Zhang, R., & Song, P. (2023) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111544 · Cited by 16
Poirier, K., Gauvin, L., Haddad, S., Bélanger, R., Leatherdale, S., & Turcotte-Tremblay, A. (2024) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.12.023 · Cited by 13
Screen Time and Child Behavioral Disorders During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review
Abdoli, M., Khoshgoftar, M., Jadidi, H., Daniali, S. S., & Kelishadi, R. (2024) · International Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_78_23 · Cited by 19
“[6,7] Children, recognized as a vulnerable group undergoing critical developmental stages, tackle heightened physical and psychological challenges.”
BackgroundHu, D., Zhou, S., Crowley‐McHattan, Z. J., & Liu, Z. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1421843 · Cited by 23
Padmapriya, N., Bernard, J. Y., Tan, S. Y. X., Chu, A. H. Y., Goh, C. M. J. L., Tan, S. L., Shek, L. P., Chong, Y. S., Tan, K. H., Chan, S., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1412634 · Cited by 17
Methodological Choices on 24-h Movement Behavior Assessment by Accelerometry: A Scoping Review
Rodrigues, B., Videira‐Silva, A., Lopes, L., Sousa‐Sá, E., Vale, S. M. C. G., Cliff, D. P., Mendes, R., & Santos, R. (2025) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-025-00820-1 · Cited by 17
Williamson, C., Kelly, P., & Strain, T. (2019) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-019-6517-7 · Cited by 15
“An example of this comes from Canada where specific surveillance guidance was provided to accompany the new 24-h PA guidelines for children and youth [20].”
BackgroundNarcisse, M., Long, C. R., Felix, H. C., Howie, E. K., Purvis, R. S., & McElfish, P. A. (2019) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2019.03.004 · Cited by 16
Zhang, X., Gu, X., Zhang, T., Caçola, P. M., & Wang, J. (2019) · Pediatric Exercise Science · doi:10.1123/pes.2018-0272 · Cited by 18
Association Between Outdoor Activity and Insufficient Sleep in Chinese School-Aged Children
Luo, J., Cao, M., Sun, F., Shi, B., Wang, X., & Jin, J. (2020) · Medical Science Monitor · doi:10.12659/msm.921617 · Cited by 16
“We found that the average daily PA time for Chinese children generally met the WHO requirement (moderate to vigorous PA, Table 1) [24].”
BackgroundAssociation between Active Travel to School and Depressive Symptoms among Early Adolescents
Gu, J., & Chen, S. (2020) · Children · doi:10.3390/children7050041 · Cited by 16
“excessive: >2 hours per day) according to current recommendations [33]; the variable of weight status was treated as non-obesity vs.”
BackgroundLaurent, C. W. S., Burkart, S. A., Rodheim, K., Marcotte, R. T., & Spencer, R. M. C. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17197148 · Cited by 15
24-h Movement Guidelines and Substance Use among Adolescents: A School-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Sampasa‐Kanyinga, H., Colman, I., Goldfield, G. S., Janssen, I., Wang, J., Hamilton, H. A., & Chaput, J. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18063309 · Cited by 15
“The Canadian 24-h Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth account for the interaction and codependence between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep [22].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationPoor Sleep, Increased Stress and Metabolic Comorbidity in Adolescents and Youth With Type 2 Diabetes
Gabbs, M., Dart, A. B., Woo, M., Pinto, T. E., & Wicklow, B. A. (2021) · Canadian Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2021.07.005 · Cited by 15
Aoki, A., Ganchimeg, T., Tseveenjav, A., Nyam, N., Zuunnast, K., Gundegmaa, L., Bat-Erdene, S., Mori, R., Kikuchi, A., Soya, H., et al. (2021) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-021-02178-7 · Cited by 15
“Lifestyle factors were selected according to 24-h movement guidelines from Canada and Australia [16, 17] and sleep, physical activity, and screen time were included.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialAlanazi, Y. A., Parrish, A., & Okely, A. D. (2022) · Child Care Health and Development · doi:10.1111/cch.12999 · Cited by 15
“Children were classified as meeting 24-h movement guidelines (Bull et al., 2020; Okely et al., 2019; Tremblay et al., 2016) if they reported (per day): (1) ≥60 min of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA); (2) ≤2 h of recreational ST; and (3) uninterrupted sleep for 9 to 11 h per…”
BackgroundSelf-citationCaldwell, H. A. T., Proudfoot, N. A., Cristofaro, N. A. D., Cairney, J., Bray, S. R., & Timmons, B. W. (2022) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2021-0635 · Cited by 16
López‐Gil, J. F., Tremblay, M. S., Tapia‐Serrano, M. Á., López, P. J. T., & Brazo‐Sayavera, J. (2022) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app12168056 · Cited by 16
Self-citationCristi‐Montero, C. (2017) · Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública · doi:10.26633/rpsp.2017.161 · Cited by 15
“Sleep time has also been included as an important component in combined PA classifications, since shorter sleep duration is associated with adverse physical and mental health outcomes (10, 13).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialGoldfield, G. S., Cameron, J. D., Sigal, R. J., Kenny, G. P., Holčı́k, M., Prud’homme, D., Guérin, E., Alberga, A. S., D’Angiulli, A., Tremblay, M. S., et al. (2021) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2020-0756 · Cited by 17
Self-citationLi, M., Sit, C. H. P., Wong, S. H. S., Wing, Y. K., Ng, C. K., & Sum, R. K. W. (2021) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-021-05925-y · Cited by 16
“The 24-Hour Movement Guideline for Children and Youth emphasizes PA, SB, and sleep as three co-developmental movement behaviors related to the full scope of movement within a 24-h period [21].”
MethodInfluentialSleep and Physical Activity Patterns in Urban American Indian Children
Grant, V. M., Tomayko, E. J., & Kingfisher, R. D. (2020) · American Journal of Health Behavior · doi:10.5993/ajhb.44.1.7 · Cited by 13
Melo, J. C. D. N., Tejada, J., Silva, E. C. M., Ywgne, J., Oliveira, D. N., Gandarela, L., & da Silva, D. R. P. (2025) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-025-01789-6 · Cited by 14
“Such evidence has driven the implementation of policies and international recommendations to reduce sedentary behavior, particularly during childhood and adolescence [15–17], recognizing that lifestyle patterns established during these formative years tend to endure [18].”
Li, X., Xiang, S., Dong, J., Zhong, Y., Zhao, S., Xiao, Z., & Li, L. (2020) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2020/9259742 · Cited by 14
Rodrigo-Sanjoaquín, J., Bois, J. E., Solana, A. A., Lhuisset, L., & Casterad, J. Z. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12229436 · Cited by 14
Physical activity accumulation along the intensity spectrum differs between children and adults
Rantalainen, T., Ridgers, N. D., Gao, Y., Belavý, D. L., Haapala, E. A., & Finni, T. J. (2021) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-021-04731-3 · Cited by 14
Metadata
- Authors
- Tremblay, M. S., Carson, V., Chaput, J.-P., Connor Gorber, S., Dinh, T., Duggan, M., Faulkner, G., Gray, C. E., Gruber, R., Janson, K., Janssen, I., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Kho, M. E., Latimer-Cheung, A. E., LeBlanc, C., Okely, A. D., Olds, T., Pate, R. R., Phillips, A., Poitras, V. J., Rodenburg, S., Sampson, M., Saunders, T. J., Stone, J. A., Stratton, G., Weiss, S. K., & Zehr, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Ottawa (CA)
- University of Alberta (CA)
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada.
- Conference Board of Canada (CA)
- Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology (CA)
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CA)
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute (CA)
- ParticipACTION (CA)
- Queen's University (CA)
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center (US)
- McMaster University (CA)
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada.
- McGill University (CA)
- University of Wollongong (AU)
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Sansom Institute of Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5001, Australia.
- University of South Carolina (US)
- No affiliation.
- University of Prince Edward Island (CA)
- University of Calgary (CA)
- Swansea University (GB)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Camosun College (CA)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism
- Publisher
- Canadian Science Publishing
- Published
- 2016-06
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 6 (Suppl. 3)
- Pages
- S311-S327
- ISSN
- 1715-5312 (ISSN-L)
- 1715-5320
- OpenAlex
- W2435437921
- Cited by
- 2,024
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 178 · 2025: 241 · 2024: 246 · 2023: 264 · 2022: 285 · 2021: 270 · 2020: 223 · 2019: 129 · 2018: 108 · 2017: 61 · 2016: 19
- FWCI
- 84.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Online (University of Wollongong) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- IslandScholar (University of Prince Edward Island) (submittedVersion)
- QSpace (Queen's University Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- UniSA Research Outputs Repository (University of South Australia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Clinical practice guidelines implementation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- 24-hour movement guidelines, children and young people, physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, light physical activity, moderate physical activity, high-intensity exercise, health indicators, AGREE II, GRADE, Canadian Health Measures Survey, stakeholder engagement
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Canada, Child, Child Behavior, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Sleep, Health Behavior, Exercise, Focus Groups, Guidelines as Topic, Sedentary Behavior
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