Cited by 324Nitric Oxide and Endothelin EffectsNutritional Studies and DietPhytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities

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Novel Aspects of Dietary Nitrate and Human Health

Weitzberg, Eddie, Lundberg, Jon O.·2013·Annual Review of Nutrition

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Abstract

The circulation of nitrogen in nature is a prerequisite for life on earth. In the nitrogen cycle atmospheric nitrogen is fixated by bacteria into forms that can be utilized by plants and mammals. Nitrate and nitrite are obligate intermediates in this cycle, and for more than half a century these anions have interested nutritional scientists, mostly in relation to cancer, because of their ability to form nitrosamines. However, after the discovery of mammalian endogenous nitric oxide (NO) generation and later that its oxidation products nitrate and nitrite can be recycled back to bioactive NO, a novel field of research has emerged that explores a potentially beneficial role of these anions in physiology, nutrition, and therapeutics. In our diet, vegetables are the major source of nitrate that can fuel a nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway. Herein we discuss the nutritional aspects of this pathway and what is presently known about the implications for human health.

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Authors: Weitzberg, E., & Lundberg, J. O.
Affiliations: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, 1Section for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care,
Karolinska Institutet (SE)
ORCID: Weitzberg, Eddie
Lundberg, Jon O.
Venue: Annual Review of Nutrition
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Published: 2013-07-17
Volume: 33
Issue: 1
Pages: 129-159
ISSN: 0199-9885 (ISSN-L)
1545-4312
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-071812-161159
OpenAlex: W2158062208
Semantic Scholar: 43620fb624544326341074f9123e88b713aa29ac
Cited by: 324
References: 159
Citations by year: 2026: 15 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 5
FWCI: 2.61
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Annual Review of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
Keywords: dietary nitrate, nitrite, nitric oxide, nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway, endogenous nitric oxide, nitrogen cycling, nitrosamines, cancer, vegetables, human health
MeSH terms: Animals, Carcinogens, Diet, Health Status, Humans, Nitrates, Nitric Oxide, Nitrites, Nitrosamines, Signal Transduction

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