Copper and iron disorders of the brain
Abstract
Copper and iron are transition elements essential for life. These metals are required to maintain the brain's biochemistry such that deficiency or excess of either copper or iron results in central nervous system disease. This review focuses on the inherited disorders in humans that directly affect copper or iron homeostasis in the brain. Elucidation of the molecular genetic basis of these rare disorders has provided insight into the mechanisms of copper and iron acquisition, trafficking, storage, and excretion in the brain. This knowledge permits a greater understanding of copper and iron roles in neurobiology and neurologic disease and may allow for the development of therapeutic approaches where aberrant metal homeostasis is implicated in disease pathogenesis.
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The excessive iron accumulation in aceruloplasminaemia results from the inability of astrocytes to mobilise their iron to be used by neurons.
“The excessive iron accumulation results from the inability of astrocytes to mobilise their iron to be used by neurons.184”
From The role of iron in brain ageing and neurodegenerative disorders (2014) · cites this paper as [184]
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The role of iron in brain ageing and neurodegenerative disorders
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Mammalian iron metabolism and its control by iron regulatory proteins
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- Authors
- Madsen, E., & Gitlin, J. D.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- ORCID
- Madsen, Erik
- Venue
- Annual Review of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2007-07-01
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 317-337
- ISSN
- 0147-006X (ISSN-L)
- 1545-4126
- OpenAlex
- W2115891976
- Cited by
- 557
- References
- 139
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 2.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32 GM-07200, T32GM007200)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK061763, DK-44464, DK61763)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD39952, P01HD039952)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Keywords
- copper, iron, metal homeostasis, brain, copper deficiency, copper excess, iron deficiency, iron overload, molecular genetics, metal trafficking, metal storage, metal excretion, neurological disorders, neurobiology
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Copper, Friedreich Ataxia, Hepatolenticular Degeneration, Homeostasis, Humans, Iron, Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome, Iron Metabolism Disorders, Genetic Predisposition to Disease
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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