Short-chain fatty acids stimulate colonic transit via intraluminal 5-HT release in rats
Abstract
We studied whether physiological concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) affects colonic transit and colonic motility in conscious rats. Intraluminal administration of SCFAs (100–200 mM) into the proximal colon significantly accelerated colonic transit. The stimulatory effect of SCFAs on colonic transit was abolished by perivagal capsaicin treatment, atropine, hexamethonium, and vagotomy, but not by guanethidine. The stimulatory effect of SCFAs on colonic transit was also abolished by intraluminal pretreatment with lidocaine and a 5-hydroxytryptamine (HT) 3 receptor antagonist. Intraluminal administration of SCFAs provoked contractions at the proximal colon, which migrated to the mid- and distal colon. SCFAs caused a significant increase in the luminal concentration of 5-HT of the vascularly isolated and luminally perfused rat colon ex vivo. It is suggested that the release of 5-HT from enterochromaffin cells in response to SCFAs stimulates 5-HT 3 receptors located on the vagal sensory fibers. The sensory information is transferred to the vagal efferent and stimulates the release of acetylcholine from the colonic myenteric plexus, resulting in muscle contraction.
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SCFAs at 10-200 mM stimulate colonic motility.
“SCFAs (10–200 mM) stimulate colonic motility [176]”
From Effects of Coffee and Its Components on the Gastrointestinal Tract and the Brain–Gut Axis (2020) · cites this paper as [176]
Animal studies demonstrate that short-chain fatty acids increase intestinal transit and motility via intestinal release of 5-hydroxytryptamine.
“From a mechanistic perspective, animal studies demonstrate that SCFA can initiate high-amplitude propagated colonic contractions (82) and increase intestinal transit and motility via intestinal release of 5-hydroxytryptamine (66).”
From Intestinal microbiota and immune function in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (2013) · cites this paper as [66]
Acetic and propionic acid-producing bacteria lead to enhanced production of SCFAs that are toxic at high concentrations and stimulate 5-HT release from intestinal nerve endings.
“leading to en hanced production of SCFAs that are toxic at high concentrations and stimulate 5-HT release from the intestinal nerve endings [239]”
From Gut microbiota role in irritable bowel syndrome: New therapeutic strategies (2016) · cites this paper as [239]
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- Authors
- Fukumoto, S., Tatewaki, M., Yamada, T., Fujimiya, M., Mantyh, C., Voss, M., Eubanks, S., Harris, M., Pappas, T. N., & Takahashi, T.
- Affiliations
- Duke Medical Center (US)
- Shiga University of Medical Science (JP)
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2003-05-01
- Volume
- 284
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- R1269-R1276
- ISSN
- 0363-6119 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1490
- OpenAlex
- W2161996137
- Cited by
- 465
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 7.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Congenital gastrointestinal and neural anomalies
- Keywords
- short-chain fatty acids, colonic transit, colonic motility, serotonin, 5-HT3 receptor, enterochromaffin cells, vagotomy, acetylcholine release, myenteric plexus, colonic contraction, intraluminal administration
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Colon, Fatty Acids, Volatile, Feces, Gastrointestinal Motility, Male, Serotonin, Serotonin Antagonists, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Rats
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