Cited by 473Gastrointestinal motility and disordersProbiotics and Fermented FoodsGut microbiota and health

Mechanisms of Action of Probiotics and the Gastrointestinal Microbiota on Gut Motility and Constipation

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Dimidi, Eirini, Christodoulides, Stephanos, Scott, S Mark, Whelan, Kevin·2017·Advances in Nutrition

Abstract

Constipation is a common and burdensome gastrointestinal disorder that may result from altered gastrointestinal motility. The effect of probiotics on constipation has been increasingly investigated in both animal and human studies, showing promising results. However, there is still uncertainty regarding the mechanisms of action of probiotics on gut motility and constipation. Several factors are vital to normal gut motility, including immune and nervous system function, bile acid metabolism and mucus secretion, and the gastrointestinal microbiota and fermentation; an imbalance or dysfunction in any of these components may contribute to aberrant gut motility and, consequently, symptoms of constipation. For example, adults with functional constipation have significantly decreased numbers of bifidobacteria (with one study showing a mean difference of 1 log 10/g) and lactobacilli (mean difference, 1.4 log 10/g) in stool samples, as well as higher breath methane, compared with control subjects. Modifying the gut luminal environment with certain probiotic strains may affect motility and secretion in the gut and, hence, provide a benefit for patients with constipation. Therefore, this review explores the mechanisms through which probiotics may exert an effect on gut motility and constipation. Nevertheless, the majority of current evidence is derived from animal studies, and therefore, further human studies are needed to determine the mechanisms through specific probiotic strains that might be effective in constipation.

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  1. Hill C, Guarner F, Reid G, Gibson GR, Merenstein DJ, Pot B, Morelli L, Canani RB, Flint HJ, Salminen S, et al. Expert consensus document. The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the term probiotic. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014;11:506-14.
  2. Farmer SG. The effect of betamethasone on altered responsiveness of isolated intestine from rats infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (abstr). Br J Pharmacol 1982;76:192P.

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Authors
Dimidi, E., Christodoulides, S., Scott, S. M., & Whelan, K.
Affiliations
  • Queen Mary University of London (GB)
  • King's College London (GB)
Corresponding author
Whelan, Kevin
Venue
Advances in Nutrition
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2017-05
Volume
8
Issue
3
Pages
484-494
ISSN
  • 2156-5376 (ISSN-L)
  • 2161-8313
OpenAlex
W2615801135
Cited by
468
References
108
Citations by year
2026: 36 · 2025: 68 · 2024: 90 · 2023: 70 · 2022: 73 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 3
FWCI
3.68
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Advances in Nutrition (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Queen Mary Research Online (Queen Mary University of London) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Keywords
probiotics, constipation, intestinal motility, gut microbiota, Bifidobacterium, lactobacilli, bile acid metabolism, mucus secretion, gut fermentation, breath methane, functional constipation, immune function, nervous system function
MeSH terms
Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Constipation, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Gastrointestinal Motility, Humans, Probiotics, Gastrointestinal Tract

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