Cited by 66Gut microbiota and healthGastrointestinal motility and disordersProbiotics and Fermented Foods

Beyond phylotyping: understanding the impact of gut microbiota on host biology

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Reigstad, Christopher S., Kashyap, Purna C.·2013·Neurogastroenterology & Motility

Abstract

Background: Microbial constituents of the gut microbiome interact with each other and the host to alter the luminal environment and impact development, motility, and homeostasis of the gut. Powerful methods are becoming available to investigate connections between the gut microbiome and human health. While high‐throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes can be used to identify and enumerate microbes in the gut, advances in several techniques (e.g., metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metabolomics, and metaproteomics) are providing a clearer view as to the specific activities of the microbiota in the context of functional host–microbe interactions. Testing emergent hypotheses regarding microbial effects on host biology, which arise from analyses of ‘Big Data’ generated from massive parallel high‐throughput sequencing technology and spectroscopic techniques, to guide translational research is an important goal for the future. Insights regarding the fundamental operating principles of the gut microbiota should lay the foundation for rational manipulation of the microbiota to promote human health. Purpose: In this review, we provide an overview of current research on the gut microbiome emphasizing current state‐of‐the‐art technologies, approaches, and directions for improvement of our understanding of the impact of the gut microbiota with specific focus on gastrointestinal motility disorders.

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  • GI motility and the gut microbiota have reciprocal effects, indicating a bidirectional relationship.

    “GI motility and the gut microbiota have reciprocal effects (reviewed in 1), highlighting a bidirectional relationship (Figure 3).”
  • Accelerated GI transit can alter the composition and spatial organization of microbial communities by creating luminal conditions suited for specific bacterial taxa or by affecting bacterial adherence.

    “In turn, accelerated GI transit can alter the composition and spatial organization of microbial communities by creating luminal conditions suited for the growth of specific bacterial taxa or by affecting bacterial adherence1.”
  • The microbiota regulates, via different mechanisms, some important physiological functions of the host, such as those related to energy expenditure, satiety and glucose homeostasis.

    “The microbiota regulates, via different mechanisms, some important physiological functions of the host, such as those related to energy expenditure, satiety and glucose homeostasis [10,11] .”

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Linden DR, Levitt MD, Farrugia G, Szurszewski JH. Endogenous produc- tion of H2S in the gastrointestinal tract: still in search of a physiologic function. Antioxid Redox Signal 2010; 12: 1135-46.

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Authors
Reigstad, C. S., & Kashyap, P. C.
Affiliations
Mayo Clinic (US)
Corresponding author
Kashyap, Purna C.
Venue
Neurogastroenterology & Motility
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2013-04-18
Volume
25
Issue
5
Pages
358-372
ISSN
  • 1350-1925 (ISSN-L)
  • 1365-2982
OpenAlex
W2169083255
Cited by
66
References
98
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7
FWCI
0.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Neurogastroenterology & Motility (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K08DK100638, P30DK084567)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
Keywords
gut microbiota, host-microbe interactions, gastrointestinal motility disorders, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metabolomics, metaproteomics, microbiome manipulation, human health
MeSH terms
Animals, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Humans, Gastrointestinal Tract, Metagenome

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