Resistance training increases total energy expenditure and free-living physical activity in older adults
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine what effects 26 wk of resistance training have on resting energy expenditure (REE), total free-living energy expenditure (TEE), activity-related energy expenditure (AEE), engagement in free-living physical activity as measured by the activity-related time equivalent (ARTE) index, and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) in 61- to 77-yr-old men ( n = 8) and women ( n = 7). Before and after training, body composition (four-compartment model), strength, REE, TEE (doubly labeled water), AEE (TEE − REE + thermic response to meals), and ARTE (AEE adjusted for energy cost of standard activities) were evaluated. Strength (36%) and fat-free mass (2 kg) significantly increased, but body weight did not change. REE increased 6.8%, whereas resting RER decreased from 0.86 to 0.83. TEE (12%) and ARTE (38%) increased significantly, and AEE (30%) approached significance ( P = 0.06). The TEE increase remained significant even after adjustment for the energy expenditure of the resistance training. In response to resistance training, TEE increased and RER decreased. The increase in TEE occurred as a result of increases in both REE and physical activity. These results suggest that resistance training may have value in increasing energy expenditure and lipid oxidation rates in older adults, thereby improving their metabolic profiles.
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Resistance but not endurance exercise increases muscle mass and resting metabolic rate, providing better weight loss maintenance in long-term observation.
“Although both endurance and resistance exercise lead to fat loss (Benito et al, 2015), resistance but not endurance exercise increases muscle mass and resting metabolic rate (Poehlman et al, 1991, 2002; Dolezal & Potteiger, 1998; Hunter et al, 2000), providing better weight loss maintenance in long‐term observation.”
From Exercise‐induced α‐ketoglutaric acid stimulates muscle hypertrophy and fat loss through OXGR1‐dependent adrenal activation (2020) · cites this paper as Hunter et al, 2000
Weight training may require more energy and a longer duration for recovery compared to endurance training.
“There are several reports that weight training may require more energy and a longer duration for recovery [31,32] compared to endurance training”
From High-Intensity Interval Resistance Training (HIRT) influences resting energy expenditure and respiratory ratio in non-dieting individuals (2012) · cites this paper as [31]
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- Authors
- Hunter, G. R., Wetzstein, C. J., Fields, D. A., Brown, A., & Bamman, M. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2000-09-01
- Volume
- 89
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 977-984
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2150871909
- Cited by
- 283
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 3.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- resistance training, energy expenditure, resting energy expenditure, free-living physical activity, respiratory exchange ratio, older adults, fat-free mass, muscle strength, body composition, lipid oxidation
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aging, Body Composition, Energy Metabolism, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motor Activity, Pulmonary Gas Exchange, Weight Lifting, Exercise
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