The role of exercise and physical activity in weight loss and maintenance
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This review explores the role of physical activity (PA) and exercise training (ET) in the prevention of weight gain, initial weight loss, weight maintenance, and the obesity paradox. In particular, we will focus the discussion on the expected initial weight loss from different ET programs, and explore intensity/volume relationships. Based on the present literature, unless the overall volume of aerobic ET is very high, clinically significant weight loss is unlikely to occur. Also, ET also has an important role in weight regain after initial weight loss. Overall, aerobic ET programs consistent with public health recommendations may promote up to modest weight loss (~2 kg), however the weight loss on an individual level is highly heterogeneous. Clinicians should educate their patients on reasonable expectations of weight loss based on their physical activity program and emphasize that numerous health benefits occur from PA programs in the absence of weight loss.
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Previously obese or overweight individuals require higher duration of exercise to maintain a healthy weight (200-300 min/week of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise) compared with those not previously overweight (150-250 min/week).
“Previously obese or overweight individuals were shown to require higher duration of exercise to maintain a healthy weight (200–300 min/week of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise) compared with those who were not previously overweight (150–250 min/week) [284].”
From The Role of Exercise in the Interplay between Myokines, Hepatokines, Osteokines, Adipokines, and Modulation of Inflammation for Energy Substrate Redistribution and Fat Mass Loss: A Review (2020) · cites this paper as [284]
In “Exercise and Weight Maintenance” (page not provided), the paper says people who have lost weight should engage in more than 200 minutes of physical activity per week to limit weight regain. In “Physical activity and the prevention of weight gain” (page not provided), it gives 150–250 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous activity per week to prevent weight gain. It does not specify 200–300 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise for previously overweight people or restrict the 150–250-minute recommendation to people never previously overweight. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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- Authors
- Swift, D. L., Johannsen, N. M., Lavie, C. J., Earnest, C. P., & Church, T. S.
- Affiliations
- East Carolina University (US)
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center (US)
- University of Bath (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Swift, Damon L.
- Venue
- Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-01
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 441-447
- ISSN
- 0033-0620 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3925973
- OpenAlex
- W2138149545
- Cited by
- 855
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2026: 62 · 2025: 64 · 2024: 81 · 2023: 85 · 2022: 59 · 2021: 90 · 2020: 91 · 2019: 83 · 2018: 70 · 2017: 56 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 50 · 2014: 24
- FWCI
- 4.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (T32DK064584, P30DK072476)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- physical activity, exercise training, weight loss, weight maintenance, obesity paradox, weight regain, aerobic exercise, exercise intensity, exercise volume, weight gain prevention, weight loss expectations
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Health Status, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motor Activity, Obesity, Role, Sex Factors, Time Factors, Weight Loss, Exercise, Body Mass Index, Risk Assessment, Diet, Fat-Restricted
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