Cited by 321Redox biology and oxidative stressGlutathione Transferases and PolymorphismsAntioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress

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Altered glutathione redox state in schizophrenia.

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Yao, Jeffrey K., Leonard, Sherry, Reddy, Ravinder·2006·Disease Markers

DOI 10.1155/2006/248387PMC PMC3850558

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Abstract

Altered antioxidant status has been reported in schizophrenia. The glutathione (GSH) redox system is important for reducing oxidative stress. GSH, a radical scavenger, is converted to oxidized glutathione (GSSG) through glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and converted back to GSH by glutathione reductase (GR). Measurements of GSH, GSSG and its related enzymatic reactions are thus important for evaluating the redox and antioxidant status. In the present study, levels of GSH, GSSG, GPx and GR were assessed in the caudate region of postmortem brains from schizophrenic patients and control subjects (with and without other psychiatric disorders). Significantly lower levels of GSH, GPx, and GR were found in schizophrenic group than in control groups without any psychiatric disorders. Concomitantly, a decreased GSH:GSSG ratio was also found in schizophrenic group. Moreover, both GSSG and GR levels were significantly and inversely correlated to age of schizophrenic patients, but not control subjects. No significant differences were found in any GSH redox measures between control subjects and individuals with other types of psychiatric disorders. There were, however, positive correlations between GSH and GPx, GSH and GR, as well as GPx and GR levels in control subjects without psychiatric disorders. These positive correlations suggest a dynamic state is kept in check during the redox coupling under normal conditions. By contrast, lack of such correlations in schizophrenia point to a disturbance of redox coupling mechanisms in the antioxidant defense system, possibly resulting from a decreased level of GSH as well as age‐related decreases of GSSG and GR activities.

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Self-citation
Genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferases GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1 and GSTA1 as risk factors for schizophrenia
Gravina, P., Spoletini, I., Masini, S., Valentini, A., Vanni, D., Paladini, E., Bossù, P., Caltagirone, C., Federici, G., Spalletta, G., et al. (2010) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2010.10.008 · Cited by 71

Authors: Yao, J. K., Leonard, S., & Reddy, R.
Affiliations: University of Pittsburgh (US)
Denver VA Medical Center (US)
VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System (US)
Corresponding author: Yao, Jeffrey K.
ORCID: Reddy, Ravinder
Venue: Disease Markers
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2006-01
Volume: 22
Issue: 1-2
Pages: 83-93
ISSN: 0278-0240 (ISSN-L)
1875-8630
DOI: 10.1155/2006/248387
PMC: PMC3850558
OpenAlex: W2088215062
Cited by: 321
References: 45
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 21
FWCI: 6.18
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (vor)
Locations: Disease Markers (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (MH58141, MH64118, DA09457)
Brain and Behavior Research Foundation
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Glutathione Transferases and Polymorphisms
Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
Keywords: schizophrenia, glutathione, glutathione disulfide, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, GSH/GSSG ratio, oxidative stress, antioxidant defense, redox coupling, caudate nucleus, postmortem brain, age-related decline
MeSH terms: Age Factors, Aged, Caudate Nucleus, Female, Glutathione, Glutathione Reductase, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Oxidation-Reduction, Schizophrenia, Sex Factors, Smoking, Glutathione Disulfide

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Altered glutathione redox state in schizophrenia.

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