Do telomeres adapt to physiological stress? Exploring the effect of exercise on telomere length and telomere-related proteins
Open accessAbstract
Aging is associated with a tissue degeneration phenotype marked by a loss of tissue regenerative capacity. Regenerative capacity is dictated by environmental and genetic factors that govern the balance between damage and repair. The age-associated changes in the ability of tissues to replace lost or damaged cells is partly the cause of many age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, and sarcopenia. A well-established marker of the aging process is the length of the protective cap at the ends of chromosomes, called telomeres. Telomeres shorten with each cell division and with increasing chronological age and short telomeres have been associated with a range of age-related diseases. Several studies have shown that chronic exposure to exercise (i.e., exercise training) is associated with telomere length maintenance; however, recent evidence points out several controversial issues concerning tissue-specific telomere length responses. The goals of the review are to familiarize the reader with the current telomere dogma, review the literature exploring the interactions of exercise with telomere phenotypes, discuss the mechanistic research relating telomere dynamics to exercise stimuli, and finally propose future directions for work related to telomeres and physiological stress.
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The literature on exercise and telomere length is inconsistent but generally suggests that exercise is associated with a telomere-protective phenotype in leukocytes and skeletal muscles.
“The literature on exercise and telomere length is inconsistent but generally suggests that exercise is associated with a telomere-protective phenotype in leukocytes and skeletal muscles (Ludlow et al., 2013).”
From Psychiatric disorders and leukocyte telomere length: Underlying mechanisms linking mental illness with cellular aging (2015) · cites this paper as Ludlow et al., 2013
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- Authors
- Ludlow, A. T., Ludlow, L. W., & Roth, S. M.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Southern Methodist University (US)
- University of Maryland, College Park (US)
- Corresponding author
- Roth, Stephen M.
- Venue
- BioMed Research International
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013
- Volume
- 2013
- Pages
- 1-15
- ISSN
- 1110-7243 (ISSN-L)
- 2314-6133
- 2314-6141
- PMC
- PMC3884693
- OpenAlex
- W2154785470
- Cited by
- 93
- References
- 120
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 4
- FWCI
- 0.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- BioMed Research International (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (CA12433404)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Keywords
- telomere length, exercise training, physiological stress, aging, age-related diseases, telomere dynamics
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Alzheimer Disease, Cardiovascular Diseases, Humans, Stress, Physiological, Exercise, Telomere, Telomere Homeostasis
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