Rational Use of Antidepressant Drugs

Fava, Giovanni A.

doi:10.1159/000362803

Cited by 95Treatment of Major DepressionPsychological Treatments and DisordersBipolar Disorder and Treatment

Rational Use of Antidepressant Drugs

Open access

Fava, Giovanni A.·2014·Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics

DOI 10.1159/000362803

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Tolerance and Its Different ExpressionsSeveral clinical phenomena have been documented during AD treatment (loss of AD efficacy, tachyphylaxis, resistance, paradoxical effects, switching to a bipolar course and withdrawal reactions).

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1159/000362803

Cites

84 of 84 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Short and intermediate elimination half-life benzodiazepines are at greater risk of rebound anxiety compared to long elimination half-life agents.
“Short and intermediate elimination half-life benzodiazepines are at a greater risk of rebound anxiety compared to long elimination half-life agents [20, 44, 70].”
From Acute and Persistent Withdrawal Syndromes Following Discontinuation of Psychotropic Medications (2020) · cites this paper as [20]
The “AD in Anxiety Disorders” section says rebound anxiety appears to be greater with short-to-intermediate half-life benzodiazepines than with long-half-life agents. The citing sentence makes that comparison without the source’s uncertainty qualifier. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Less common paroxetine withdrawal reactions were 'electric-shock' sensation, visual and auditory hallucination, nocturnal enuresis, pruritus, and emesis.
“Less common reactions were 'electric-shock' sensation [9,59,61,62] , visual and auditory hallucination [63] , nocturnal enuresis [64] , pruritus [65] , and emesis [6] .”
From Withdrawal Symptoms after Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Discontinuation: A Systematic Review (2015) · cites this paper as [59]
The Withdrawal Reactions section lists vomiting among symptoms of antidepressant withdrawal, supporting the emesis portion to which this citation is attached. It does not identify vomiting as a less common reaction or specifically link it to paroxetine; its separate list of less common physical symptoms does not include vomiting. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Bhanji et al. and Fava et al. documented the persistence of symptoms up to 1 year following paroxetine discontinuation.
“Bhanji et al. [59] and Fava et al. [50] documented the persistence of symptoms up to 1 year following paroxetine discontinuation.”
From Withdrawal Symptoms after Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Discontinuation: A Systematic Review (2015) · cites this paper as [59]
The Withdrawal Reactions section (page not specified in our copy) reports that discontinuation symptoms can persist for months or even years. The References section (p. 204) cites a report of persistent post-withdrawal disorders induced by paroxetine. The paper does not give a specific duration of up to one year for paroxetine symptoms, so that detail is not established by this source. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
There are anecdotal reports on the use of clonazepam and other benzodiazepines or mood stabilizers for SSRI withdrawal.
“There are anecdotal reports on the use of clonazepam and other benzodiazepines or mood stabilizers, which, however, need to be properly tested [15,50,59,62,72] .”
From Withdrawal Symptoms after Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Discontinuation: A Systematic Review (2015) · cites this paper as [59]
The Withdrawal Reactions section says antidepressant discontinuation can trigger hypomania or mania that may require specific antimanic treatment. It does not report anecdotal use of clonazepam, other benzodiazepines, or mood stabilizers to treat SSRI withdrawal; the clonazepam discussion in AD in Anxiety Disorders concerns social-anxiety treatment instead. The cited copy provides no page number for these passages. (LLM, conf=0.79)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Rebound anxiety symptoms are transient but may last 3 weeks after drug cessation.
“The symptoms are transient but may last 3 weeks after drug cessation [20].”
From Acute and Persistent Withdrawal Syndromes Following Discontinuation of Psychotropic Medications (2020) · cites this paper as [20]
The Withdrawal Reactions section lists anxiety among antidepressant discontinuation symptoms and says untreated symptoms may resolve spontaneously within 1–3 weeks. It also says some persist for months or years, so describing the symptoms as uniformly transient overstates the source. The paper does not specifically give a three-week duration for rebound anxiety. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

The risk of rebound anxiety seems related to benzodiazepine elimination half-life and potency and independent from the length of treatment.
“Thus, similarly to rebound anxiety, the risk seems related to benzodiazepine elimination half-life and potency [20, 23] and independent form the length of treatment [1].”
From Acute and Persistent Withdrawal Syndromes Following Discontinuation of Psychotropic Medications (2020) · cites this paper as [20]
The citation to Fava is attached to the claim that the risk is independent of treatment length. The ‘AD in Anxiety Disorders’ section links benzodiazepine rebound anxiety to elimination half-life, but does not address whether its risk is independent of treatment length. The ‘Duration of Treatment’ section concerns antidepressant treatment and relapse instead. (LLM, conf=0.74)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Minimisation of these methodological flaws has led to antidepressants being presented as more effective than is warranted by existing data.
“Minimisation of these methodological flaws has led to antidepressants being presented as more effective than is warranted by existing data.20,38,42,43”
From The ‘patient voice’: patients who experience antidepressant withdrawal symptoms are often dismissed, or misdiagnosed with relapse, or a new medical condition (2020) · cites this paper as [38]
The better tolerability of newer antidepressants has expanded their original indications.
“AD were found to be effective in the treatment of severe depression, but the better tolerability of newer AD has expanded their original indications.”
From May antidepressant drugs worsen the conditions they are supposed to treat? The clinical foundations of the oppositional model of tolerance (2020) · cites this paper as [81]
Antidepressant use has been prolonged to maintenance and prevention of relapse of depression, and has been extended to long-term treatment of anxiety disorders.
“Their use has been prolonged to maintenance and prevention of relapse of depression, and has been extended to long-term treatment of anxiety disorders.81”
From May antidepressant drugs worsen the conditions they are supposed to treat? The clinical foundations of the oppositional model of tolerance (2020) · cites this paper as [81]
Antidepressants were found to be effective in the treatment of severe depression.
“AD were found to be effective in the treatment of severe depression, but the better tolerability of newer AD has expanded their original indications.”
From May antidepressant drugs worsen the conditions they are supposed to treat? The clinical foundations of the oppositional model of tolerance (2020) · cites this paper as [81]
The hidden costs of using antidepressants may outweigh their apparent gains, particularly when the likelihood of responsiveness is low.
“The hidden costs of using the AD may then outweigh their apparent gains, particularly when the likelihood of responsiveness is low.81”
From May antidepressant drugs worsen the conditions they are supposed to treat? The clinical foundations of the oppositional model of tolerance (2020) · cites this paper as [81]
Currently, prescriptions are driven by an overestimated consideration of potential benefits, little attention to the likelihood of responsiveness, and neglect of potential vulnerabilities to the adverse effects of treatment.
“However, currently, prescriptions are driven by an overestimated consideration of potential benefits, little attention to the likelihood of responsiveness and neglect of potential vulnerabilities to the adverse effects of treatment.81”
From May antidepressant drugs worsen the conditions they are supposed to treat? The clinical foundations of the oppositional model of tolerance (2020) · cites this paper as [81]
Withdrawal symptoms after stopping psychotropic drugs are a form of behavioral toxicity.
“Withdrawal symptoms, which may follow discontinuation of psychotropic drugs, such as benzodiazepines [36], antipsychotic medications [4,37], and antidepressant treatment [38][39][40], are also a form of behavioral toxicity.”
From Iatrogenic Factors in Psychopathology (2019) · cites this paper as [37]
The method of macro-analysis is available and establishes a relationship between co-occurring syndromes and problems based on where treatment should begin.
“The method of macro-analysis [45, 59] is however available and establishes a relationship between co-occurring syndromes and problems based on where treatment should begin in the first place.”
From The Deceptive Manifestations of Treatment Resistance in Depression: A New Look at the Problem (2020) · cites this paper as [59]
Tolerance may contribute to poorer outcomes in people with depression exposed to long-term antidepressant treatment, although there are many confounds of this association.
“the phenomenon of tolerance may contribute to poorer outcomes in people with depression exposed to long-term antidepressant treatment, although as noted earlier, there are many confounds of this association [95, 96].”
From The emergence of loss of efficacy during antidepressant drug treatment for major depressive disorder: An integrative review of evidence, mechanisms, and clinical implications (2019) · cites this paper as [96]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Acute and longer-term outcomes in depressed outpatients requiring one or several treatment steps: a STAR*D report
Rush, A. J., Trivedi, M. H., Wisniewski, S. R., Nierenberg, A. A., Stewart, J. W., Warden, D., Niederehe, G., Thase, M. E., Lavori, P. W., Lebowitz, B. D., et al. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2006.163.11.1905 · Cited by 5,643 · see citing works
Randomized, Controlled Trials, Observational Studies, and the Hierarchy of Research Designs
Concato, J., Shah, N., & Horwitz, R. I. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200006223422507 · Cited by 3,563 · see citing works
Selective publication of antidepressant trials and its influence on apparent efficacy
Turner, E. H., Matthews, A. M., Linardatos, E., Tell, R. A., & Rosenthal, R. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsa065779 · Cited by 2,435 · see citing works
Antidepressant Drug Effects and Depression Severity: A Patient-Level Meta-analysis
Fournier, J. C., DeRubeis, R. J., Hollon, S. D., Dimidjian, S., Amsterdam, J. D., Shelton, R. C., & Fawcett, J. (2010) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1943 · Cited by 2,009 · see citing works
Difference in treatment outcome in outpatients with anxious versus nonanxious depression: A STAR*D report
Fava, M., Rush, A. J., Alpert, J. E., Balasubramani, G. K., Wisniewski, S. R., Carmin, C. N., Biggs, M. M., Zisook, S., Leuchter, A., Howland, R., et al. (2008) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.06111868 · Cited by 927 · see citing works
Acute and Longer-Term Outcomes in Depressed Outpatients Requiring One or Several Treatment Steps: A STAR*D Report
Rush, A. J. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.163.11.1905 · Cited by 879 · see citing works
Time to Recovery, Chronicity, and Levels of Psychopathology in Major Depression: A 5-Year Prospective Follow-up of 431 Subjects
Keller, M. B. (1992) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1992.01820100053010 · Cited by 864 · see citing works
Course of the Manic-Depressive Cycle and Changes Caused by Treatments
Kukopulos, A., Reginaldi, D., Laddomada, P., Floris, G., Serra, G., & Tondo, L. (2008) · Pharmacopsychiatry · doi:10.1055/s-2007-1019628 · Cited by 436 · see citing works
Comparative Benefits and Harms of Second-Generation Antidepressants for Treating Major Depressive Disorder: An Updated Meta-analysis
Gartlehner, G., Hansen, R. A., Morgan, L. C., Thaler, K., Lux, L., Van Noord, M., Mager, U., Thieda, P., Gaynes, B. N., Wilkins, T., et al. (2011) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-155-11-201112060-00009 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
Untitled work
(2004) · PubMed · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Predictors of therapeutic benefit from amitriptyline in mild depression: a general practice placebo-controlled trial
Paykel, E. S., Hollyman, J. A., FREELING, P., & Sedgwick, P. M. (1988) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/0165-0327(88)90075-4 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
A Model of Placebo Response in Antidepressant Clinical Trials
Rutherford, B. R., & Roose, S. P. (2013) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12040474 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Mania associated with antidepressant treatment: comprehensive meta‐analytic review
Tondo, L., Vázquez, G., & Baldessarini, R. J. (2010) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01514.x · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Staging of Mental Disorders: Systematic Review
Cosci, F., & Fava, G. A. (2013) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000342243 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Self-citation
RECOVERY, CHRONICITY, AND LEVELS OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY IN MAJOR DEPRESSION
Mueller, T. I., & Leon, A. C. (1996) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0193-953x(05)70275-6 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Can long-term treatment with antidepressant drugs worsen the course of depression?
Fava, G. A. (2003) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v64n0204 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Self-citation
Pharmacotherapy for major depression with melancholic features: relative efficacy of tricyclic versus selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants
Perry, P. J. (1996) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/0165-0327(96)00014-6 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Efficacy and Tolerability of Benzodiazepines versus Antidepressants in Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Offidani, E., Guidi, J., Tomba, E., & Fava, G. A. (2013) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000353198 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Self-citation
The mechanisms of tolerance in antidepressant action
Fava, G. A., & Offidani, E. (2011) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.07.026 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Self-citation
Exposure therapy and sertraline in social phobia: 1-year follow-up of a randomised controlled trial
Haug, T. T., Blomhoff, S., Hellstrøm, K., Holme, I., Humble, M., Madsbu, H. P., & Wold, J. E. (2003) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.182.4.312 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Loss of Antidepressant Efficacy During Maintenance Therapy: Possible Mechanisms and Treatments
Byrne, S. E., & Rothschild, A. J. (1998) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v59n0602 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Benefits and risks of drug treatments: how to combine the best evidence on benefits with the best data about adverse effects.
Vandenbroucke, J., & Psaty, B. (2008) · Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) · doi:10.1001/jama.2008.723 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Discontinuing antidepressant treatment in major depression.
Viguera, A. C., Baldessarini, R. J., & Friedberg, J. (1998) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/10673229809003578 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
The Clinical Process in Psychiatry: A Clinimetric Approach
Fava, G. A., Rafanelli, C., & Tomba, E. (2012) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.10r06444 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Self-citation
Discontinuation symptoms in depression and anxiety disorders
Baldwin, D. S., Montgomery, S. A., Nil, R., & Lader, M. (2007) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1017/s1461145705006358 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Review: problems associated with long-term treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Moret, C., Isaac, M., & Briley, M. (2009) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881108093582 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Evidence That Patients With Single Versus Recurrent Depressive Episodes Are Differentially Sensitive to Treatment Discontinuation: A Meta-Analysis of Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trials
Kaymaz, N., van Os, J., Loonen, A. J. M., & Nolan, W. A. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v69n0910 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
The Integrative Management of Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Comprehensive Review and Perspectives
Carvalho, A. F., Berk, M., Hyphantis, T. N., & McIntyre, R. S. (2014) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000357500 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Efficacy of the sequential integration of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy in major depressive disorder: a preliminary meta-analysis
Guidi, J., Fava, G. A., Fava, M., & Papakostas, G. I. (2011) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291710000826 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Self-citation
The effect of rate of antidepressant tapering on the incidence of discontinuation symptoms: a randomised study
Tint, A., Haddad, P. M., & Anderson, I. M. (2008) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881107081550 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS FOLLOWING DISCONTINUATION OF IMIPRAMINE THERAPY
KRAMER, J. C., KLEIN, D. F., & FINK, M. (1961) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.118.6.549 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Predictors of Relapse in a Prospective Study of Fluoxetine Treatment of Major Depression
McGrath, P. J., Stewart, J. W., Quitkin, F. M., Chen, Y., Alpert, J. E., Nierenberg, A. A., Fava, M., Cheng, J., & Petkova, E. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2006.163.9.1542 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Blue Again: Perturbational Effects of Antidepressants Suggest Monoaminergic Homeostasis in Major Depression
Andrews, P. W., Kornstein, S. G., Halberstadt, L. J., Gardner, C. O., & Neale, M. C. (2011) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00159 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Excessive Mood Elevation and Behavioral Activation with Antidepressant Treatment of Juvenile Depressive and Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review
Offidani, E., Fava, G. A., Tomba, E., & Baldessarini, R. J. (2013) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000345316 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Self-citation
Cognitive Behavior Approach to Loss of Clinical Effect During Long-Term Antidepressant Treatment: A Pilot Study
Fava, G. A., Ruini, C., Rafanelli, C., & Grandi, S. (2002) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.159.12.2094 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Self-citation
A systematic review of duloxetine and venlafaxine in major depression, including unpublished data
Schueler, Y. ‐., Koesters, M., Wieseler, B., Grouven, U., Kromp, M., Kerekes, M. F., Kreis, J., Kaiser, T., Becker, T., & Weinmann, S. (2011) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2010.01599.x · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Progressive resistance to a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor but not to cognitive therapy in the treatment of major depression.
Leykin, Y., Amsterdam, J. D., DeRubeis, R. J., Gallop, R., Shelton, R. C., & Hollon, S. D. (2007) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.75.2.267 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Antidepressant Withdrawal Syndrome
Lejoyeux, M., Adès, J., Mourad, I., Solomon, J., & Dilsaver, S. C. (1996) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.2165/00023210-199605040-00006 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
How (Not What) to Prescribe: Nonpharmacologic Aspects of Psychopharmacology
Mintz, D. L., & Flynn, D. F. (2011) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2011.11.009 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Mixed Depression: Clinical Features and Predictors of Its Onset Associated with Antidepressant Use
Sani, G., Napoletano, F., Vöhringer, P. A., Sullivan, M. C., Simonetti, A., Koukopoulos, A., Danese, E., Girardi, P., & Ghaemi, S. N. (2014) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000358808 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Effects of gradual discontinuation of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in panic disorder with agoraphobia
Fava, G. A., Bernardi, M., Tomba, E., & Rafanelli, C. (2007) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1017/s1461145706007462 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Self-citation
A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial of Augmentation and Switch Strategies for Refractory Social Anxiety Disorder
Pollack, M. H., Ameringen, M. V., Simon, N. M., Worthington, J. W., Hoge, E. A., Keshaviah, A. P., & Stein, M. B. (2014) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.12101353 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Relapse rates with long‐term antidepressant drug therapy: a meta‐analysis
Williams, N., Simpson, A. N., Simpson, K., & Nahas, Z. (2009) · Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1002/hup.1033 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Tachyphylaxis in unipolar major depressive disorder
Solomon, D. A., Leon, A. C., Mueller, T. I., Coryell, W., Teres, J. J., Posternak, M. A., Judd, L. L., Endicott, J., & Keller, M. B. (2005) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v66n0302 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
An international survey of reported prescribing practice in the treatment of patients with generalised anxiety disorder
Baldwin, D. S., Allgulander, C., Bandelow, B., Ferre, F., & Pallanti, S. (2012) · The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/15622975.2011.624548 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
New modalities of assessment and treatment planning in depression
Fava, G., & Tomba, E. (2010) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.2165/11531580-000000000-00000 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citation
Dual Reuptake Inhibitors Incur Lower Rates of Tachyphylaxis Than Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
Posternak, M. A., & Zimmerman, M. A. (2005) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v66n0605 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Long-Term Treatment with Antidepressant Drugs: The Spectacular Achievements of Propaganda
Fava, G. A. (2002) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000056279 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Self-citation
Follow-up study of patients with panic disorder and agoraphobia with panic attacks treated with tricyclic antidepressants
Noyes, R., Garvey, M. J., & Cook, B. L. (1989) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/0165-0327(89)90080-3 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Treatment Approaches to Major Depressive Disorder Relapse
Schmidt, M. E., Fava, M., Zhang, S., Gonzales, J., Raute, N. J., & Judge, R. (2002) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000063643 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Comorbidity and multimorbidity need to be placed in the context of a framework of risk, responsiveness, and vulnerability
Richardson, W. S., & Doster, L. M. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.10.020 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Loss of response to antidepressants and subsequent refractoriness: diagnostic issues in a retrospective case series
Sharma, V. (2001) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(00)00212-3 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Depression Associated with Medical Illness: Treatment Considerations
Fava, G. A., & Sonino, N. (1996) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.2165/00023210-199605030-00004 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citation
Antidepressant-Withdrawal Mania: A Critical Review and Synthesis of the Literature
Andrade, C. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v65n0716 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Duration of Antidepressant Drug Treatment and Its Influence on Risk of Relapse/Recurrence: Immortal and Neglected Time Bias
Gardarsdottir, H., Egberts, T. C., Stolker, J. J., & Heerdink, E. R. (2009) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwp142 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Patient Online Report of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor-Induced Persistent Postwithdrawal Anxiety and Mood Disorders
Belaise, C., Gatti, A., Chouinard, V.-A., & Chouinard, G. (2012) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000341178 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Treatment Approaches to Major Depressive Disorder Relapse
Fava, M., Schmidt, M. E., Zhang, S., Gonzales, J., Raute, N. J., & Judge, R. (2002) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000063644 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Persistent Postwithdrawal Disorders Induced by Paroxetine, a Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor, and Treated with Specific Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Belaise, C., Gatti, A., Chouinard, V.-A., & Chouinard, G. (2014) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000362317 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Tolerance in antidepressant treatment
Baldessarini, R. J., Ghaemi, S. N., & Viguera, A. C. (2002) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000063641 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Depression in Medically Ill Patients
Rackley, S. J., & Bostwick, J. M. (2011) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2011.11.001 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Innovative trends in the design of therapeutic trials in psychopharmacology and psychotherapy
Fava, G. A., Tomba, E., & Tossani, E. (2013) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.10.014 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citation
Pharmacological management of unipolar depression
Malhi, G. S., Hitching, R., Berk, M., Boyce, P. M., Porter, R., & Fritz, K. (2013) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12122 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Tachyphylaxis after Repeated Antidepressant Drug Exposure in Patients with Recurrent Major Depressive Disorder
Amsterdam, J. D., Williams, D., Michelson, D., Adler, L. A., Dunner, D. L., Nierenberg, A. A., Reimherr, F. W., & Schatzberg, A. F. (2009) · Neuropsychobiology · doi:10.1159/000226611 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Effects of Imipramine on Individuals Varying in Level of Depression
DIMASCIO, A., MEYER, R. E., & STIFLER, L. (1968) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.124.8s.55 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Management of depression relapse: Re-initiation of duloxetine treatment or dose increase
D, M. F. M., Detke, M. J., Balestrieri, M., WANG, F., Raskin, J., & David, P. (2006) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2005.06.005 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Treatment Selection in Depression: The Role of Clinical Judgment
Tomba, E., & Fava, G. A. (2012) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2011.11.003 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citation
Emergence of depressive symptoms during treatment for panic disorder with specific 5‐hydroxytryptophan reuptake inhibitors
Fux, M., Taub, M., & Zohar, J. (1993) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03448.x · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Predictors of Relapse in a Prospective Study of Fluoxetine Treatment of Major Depression
McGrath, P. J. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.163.9.1542 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Does the Length of the First Antidepressant Treatment Episode Influence Risk and Time to a Second Episode?
Gardarsdottir, H., van Geffen, E. C. G., Stolker, J. J., Egberts, T. C. G., & Heerdink, E. R. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/jcp.0b013e31819302b1 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Early Symptomatic Worsening During Treatment With Fluoxetine in Major Depressive Disorder: Prevalence and Implications
Cusin, C., Fava, M., Amsterdam, J. D., Quitkin, F. M., Reimherr, F. W., Beasley, C. M., Rosenbaum, J. F., & Perlis, R. H. (2007) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v68n0107 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Acute Worsening of Chronic Depression During a Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial of Antidepressant Efficacy: Differences by Sex and Menopausal Status
Harvey, A. T., Silkey, B. S., Kornstein, S. G., & Clary, C. M. (2007) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v68n0620 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Family Intervention Approach to Loss of Clinical Effect During Long-Term Antidepressant Treatment: A Pilot Study
Fabbri, S., Fava, G. A., Rafanelli, C., & Tomba, E. (2007) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v68n0904 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citation
Will a second prophylactic treatment with a higher dosage of the same antidepressant either prevent or delay new depressive episodes?
Franchini, L., Rossini, D., Bongiorno, F., Spagnolo, C., Smeraldi, E., & Zanardi, R. (2000) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(00)00188-8 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Nowhere Patients
Tomba, E. (2012) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000334112 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Antidepressants from a public health perspective: re‐examining effectiveness, suicide, and carcinogenicity
Ghaemi, S. N., Vöhringer, P. A., & Whitham, E. A. (2013) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12059 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Treatment in Nonresponsive Patients With Social Anxiety: Back to the Future With Benzodiazepines
Roy‐Byrne, P. (2014) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.13101304 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
The Rothschild scale for antidepressant tachyphylaxis: reliability and validity
Rothschild, A. J. (2008) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2008.03.002 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Antidepressant-Induced Tardive Dysphoria
El-Mallakh, R. S., Gao, Y., Briscoe, B. T., & Roberts, R. J. (2011) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000316799 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
The effect of rate of antidepressant tapering on the incidence of discontinuation symptoms: a randomised study
Tint, A., Haddad, P. M., & Anderson, I. M. (2008) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881107087488 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Transient Mood Elevation Associated with Antidepressant Drug Decrease*
Corral, M., Sivertz, K., & Jones, B. D. (1987) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674378703200906 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Belaise, C. ; Gatti, A. ; Chouinard, V.-A. ; Chouinard, G. Patient Online Report of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor-Induced Persistent Postwithdrawal Anxiety and Mood Disorders.Psychother Psychosom 2012;81:386-388
Belaise, C. (2012) · AMS Campus - AlmaDL · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Antidepressant-Induced Hypomania in Treatment-Resistant Depression
BADER, C. D., & DUNNER, D. L. (2007) · Journal of Psychiatric Practice · doi:10.1097/01.pra.0000281483.11946.b5 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Delayed Loss of Efficacy and Depressogenic Action of Antidepressants
Raja, M. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/jcp.0b013e3181c0e60b · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Evidence that patients with single versus recurrent depressive episodes are differentially sensitive to treatment discontinuation: a meta-analysis of placebo-controlled randomized trials.
Jain, S. B. (2008) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.1132914.590002 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 17

[6]6. Byrne SE, Rothschild AJ: Loss of antidepres- sant efficacy during maintenance therapy. J Clin Psychiatry 1998; 59: 279-288.
[11]11. Rothschild AJ: The Rothschild Scale for Anti- depressant Tachyphylaxis: reliability and va- lidity. Compr Psychiatry 2008; 49: 508-513.
[31]31. Bader CD, Dunner DL: Antidepressant-in- duced hypomania in treatment-resistant de- pression. J Psychiatr Pract 2007; 13: 233-237.
[34]34. Lejoyeux M, Adès J, Mourad I, Solomon J, Dilsaver S: Antidepressant withdrawal syn- drome: recognition, prevention and manage- ment. CNS Drugs 1996; 5: 278-292.
[40]40. Andrade C: Antidepressant-withdrawal ma- nia. J Clin Psychiatry 2004; 15: 987-993.
[42]42. Sharma V: Loss of response to antidepres- sants and subsequent refractoriness. J Affect Disord 2001; 64: 99-106.
[44]44. Turner EH, Matthews AM, Linardatos E, Tell RA, Rosenthal R: Selective publication of an- tidepressants trails and its influence on appar- ent efficacy. N Engl J Med 2008; 358: 252-260.
[45]45. Paykel ES, Hollyman JA, Freeling P, Sedgwick P: Predictors of therapeutic benefit from ami- triptyline in mild depression. J Affect Disord 1988; 14: 83-95.
[46]46. Fournier JC, DeRubeis RJ, Hollon SD, Dimi- djian S, Amsterdam JD, Shelton RC, Fawcett J: Antidepressant drug effects and depression severity. JAMA 2010; 303: 47-53.
[47]47. Fava M, Rush J, Alpert JE, Balasubramani GK, Wisniewski SR, Carmin CN, Biggs MM, Zisook S, Leuchter A, Howland R, Warden D, Trivedi MH: Difference in treatment out- come in outpatients with anxious versus non- anxious depression. Am J Psychiatry 2008; 165: 342-351.
[55]55. Gartlehner G, Hansen RA, Morgan LC, Tha- ler K, Lux L, van Noord M, Mager U, Thieda P, Gaynes BN, Wilkins T, Strobelberger M, Lyoid S, Reichenpfader U, Lohr KN: Compar- ative benefits and harms of second-genera- tion antidepressants for treating major de- pressive disorder. Ann Intern Med 2011; 155: 772-785.
[56]56. Perry PJ: Pharmacotherapy for major depres- sion with melancholic features. J Affect Dis- ord 1996; 39: 1-6.
[60]60. Mintz DL, Flynn DF: How (not what) to pre- scribe: nonpharmacologic aspects of psycho- pharmacology. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2012; 35: 143-163.
[63]63. Guidi J, Fava GA, Fava M, Papakostas GI: Ef- ficacy of the sequential integration of psycho- therapy and pharmacotherapy in major de- pressive disorder. Psychol Med 2011; 41: 321- 331.
[69]69. Fava GA, Sonino N: Depression associated with medical illness. CNS Drugs 1996; 5: 175- 189.
[70]70. Carvalho AF, Berk M, Hyphantis TN, Mc- Intyre RS: The integrative management of treatment-resistant depression. Psychother Psychosom 2014; 83: 70-88.
[73]73. Offidani E, Guidi J, Tomba E, Fava GA: Effi- cacy and tolerability of benzodiazepines ver- sus antidepressants in anxiety disorders. Psy- chother Psychosom 2013; 82: 355-362.

Sorted by citations

The Safety, Tolerability and Risks Associated with the Use of Newer Generation Antidepressant Drugs: A Critical Review of the Literature
Carvalho, A. F., Sharma, M. S., Brunoni, A. R., Vieta, E., & Fava, G. A. (2016) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000447034 · Cited by 650 · see citing works
Self-citation
Withdrawal Symptoms after Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Discontinuation: A Systematic Review
Fava, G. A., Gatti, A., Belaise, C., Guidi, J., & Offidani, E. (2015) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000370338 · Cited by 421 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Roles of Serotonin in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Pourhamzeh, M., Moravej, F. G., Arabi, M., Shahriari, E., Mehrabi, S., Ward, R. T., Ahadi, R., & Joghataei, M. T. (2021) · Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s10571-021-01064-9 · Cited by 384 · see citing works
A lifetime approach to major depressive disorder: The contributions of psychological interventions in preventing relapse and recurrence
Bockting, C. L., Hollon, S. D., Jarrett, R. B., Kuyken, W., & Dobson, K. (2015) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2015.02.003 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Current Psychosomatic Practice
Fava, G. A., Cosci, F., & Sonino, N. (2017) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000448856 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Self-citation
Antidepressant discontinuation reactions: Are preventable and simple to treat
Haddad, P., Lejoyeux, M., & Young, A. (1998) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.316.7138.1105 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Anorexia nervosa
Treasure, J. L., Zipfel, S., Micali, N., Wade, T. D., Stice, E. M., Claudino, A. M., Schmidt, U. H., Frank, G., Bulik, C. M., & Wentz, E. (2015) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2015.74 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Acute and Persistent Withdrawal Syndromes Following Discontinuation of Psychotropic Medications
Cosci, F., & Chouinard, G. (2020) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000506868 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Withdrawal Symptoms after Serotonin-Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitor Discontinuation: Systematic Review
Fava, G. A., Benasi, G., Lucente, M., Offidani, E., Cosci, F., & Guidi, J. (2018) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000491524 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Self-citation
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression
Eisendrath, S. J., Gillung, E., Delucchi, K. L., Segal, Z. V., Nelson, J. C., McInnes, L. A., Mathalon, D. H., & Feldman, M. D. (2016) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000442260 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
The sequential integration of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy in the treatment of major depressive disorder: A meta-analysis of the sequential model and a critical review of the literature
Guidi, J., Tomba, E., & Fava, G. A. (2016) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15040476 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Self-citation
A Rational Use of Clozapine Based on Adverse Drug Reactions, Pharmacokinetics, and Clinical Pharmacopsychology
de León, J., Ruan, C., Schoretsanitis, G., & Cuevas, C. D. L. (2020) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000507638 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Effects of a Psychological Internet Intervention in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Depressive Symptoms: Results of the EVIDENT Study, a Randomized Controlled Trial
Klein, J. P., Berger, T., Schröder, J., Späth, C., Meyer, B., Caspar, F., Lutz, W., Arndt, A., Greiner, W., Gräfe, V., et al. (2016) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000445355 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Post-Marketing Safety Concerns with Esketamine: A Disproportionality Analysis of Spontaneous Reports Submitted to the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System
Gastaldon, C., Raschi, E., Kane, J. M., Barbui, C., & Schoretsanitis, G. (2021) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000510703 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Mood and Anxiety Disorders as Early Manifestations of Medical Illness: A Systematic Review
Cosci, F., Fava, G. A., & Sonino, N. (2015) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000367913 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Self-citation
Suicides and Suicide Attempts during Long-Term Treatment with Antidepressants: A Meta-Analysis of 29 Placebo-Controlled Studies Including 6,934 Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
Braun, C., Bschor, T., Franklin, J., & Baethge, C. (2016) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000442293 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
The Empirical Status of Psychodynamic Psychotherapy - An Update: Bambi's Alive and Kicking
Leichsenring, F., Leweke, F., Klein, S., & Steinert, C. (2015) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000376584 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
The Mortality and Myocardial Effects of Antidepressants Are Moderated by Preexisting Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta-Analysis
Maslej, M. M., Bolker, B. M., Russell, M. J., Eaton, K., Durisko, Z., Hollon, S. D., Swanson, G. M., Thomson Jr., J. A., Mulsant, B. H., & Andrews, P. W. (2017) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000477940 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Well-Being Therapy: Current Indications and Emerging Perspectives
Fava, G. A. (2016) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000444114 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Self-citation
Integrating psychotherapy and psychopharmacology: psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy and other combined treatments
Greenway, K. T., Garel, N., Jerome, L., & Feduccia, A. A. (2020) · Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1080/17512433.2020.1772054 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
The reappraisal of benzodiazepines in the treatment of anxiety and related disorders
Starcevic, V. (2014) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/14737175.2014.963057 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
May antidepressant drugs worsen the conditions they are supposed to treat? The clinical foundations of the oppositional model of tolerance
Fava, G. A. (2020) · Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/2045125320970325 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Self-citation
Second-Generation Antipsychotic Drugs in Anorexia Nervosa: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Dold, M., Aigner, M., Klabunde, M., Treasure, J. L., & Kasper, S. F. (2015) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000369978 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Iatrogenic Factors in Psychopathology
Fava, G. A., & Rafanelli, C. (2019) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000500151 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citation
The emergence of loss of efficacy during antidepressant drug treatment for major depressive disorder: An integrative review of evidence, mechanisms, and clinical implications
Fornaro, M., Anastasia, A., Novello, S., Fusco, A., Pariano, R., De Berardis, D., Solmi, M., Veronese, N., Stubbs, B., Vieta, E., et al. (2019) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2018.10.025 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
The ‘patient voice’: patients who experience antidepressant withdrawal symptoms are often dismissed, or misdiagnosed with relapse, or a new medical condition
Guy, A., Brown, M., Lewis, S., & Horowitz, M. (2020) · Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/2045125320967183 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Discontinuing Antidepressant Drugs: Lesson from a Failed Trial and Extensive Clinical Experience
Fava, G. A., & Belaise, C. (2018) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000492693 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Self-citation
How effective are antidepressants for depression over the long term? A critical review of relapse prevention trials and the issue of withdrawal confounding
Hengartner, M. P. (2020) · Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/2045125320921694 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Long-Term and Short-Term Antidepressant Use in General Practice: Data from a Large Cohort in the Netherlands
Huijbregts, K. M. L., Hoogendoorn, A. W., Slottje, P., van Balkom, A. J. L. M., & Batelaan, N. M. (2017) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000480456 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Understanding and Managing Withdrawal Syndromes After Discontinuation of Antidepressant Drugs
Fava, G. A., & Cosci, F. (2019) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.19com12794 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Clinical Inadequacy of Evidence-Based Medicine and the Need for a Conceptual Framework Based on Clinical Judgment
Fava, G. A., Guidi, J., Rafanelli, C., & Sonino, N. (2015) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000366041 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Self-citation
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Patients with Social Anxiety Disorder Who Remain Symptomatic following Antidepressant Treatment: A Randomized, Assessor-Blinded, Controlled Trial
Yoshinaga, N., Matsuki, S., Niitsu, T., Sato, Y., Tanaka, M., Ibuki, H., Takanashi, R., Ohshiro, K., Oshima, F., Asano, K., et al. (2016) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000444221 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy versus Escitalopram in Chronic Major Depression
Schramm, E., Zobel, I., Schoepf, D., Fangmeier, T., Schnell, K., Walter, H., Drost, S., Schmidt, P. J., Brakemeier, E., Berger, T., et al. (2015) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000381957 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Trends in Antidepressant Use and Expenditure in Six Major Cities in China From 2013 to 2018
Yu, Z., Zhang, J., Zheng, Y., & Yu, L. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00551 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Hypnotics and Triazolobenzodiazepines - Best Predictors of High-Dose Benzodiazepine Use: Results from the Luxembourg National Health Insurance Registry
Cloos, J.-M., Bocquet, V., Rolland-Portal, I., Koch, P., & Chouinard, G. (2015) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000434755 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Behavioral Toxicity Revisited: Iatrogenic Comorbidity in Psychiatric Evaluation and Treatment
Fava, G. A., Cosci, F., Offidani, E., & Guidi, J. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/jcp.0000000000000570 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citation
Inference-Based Approach versus Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder with Poor Insight: A 24-Session Randomized Controlled Trial
Visser, H. A. D., van Megen, H. J. G. M., van Oppen, P., Eikelenboom, M., Hoogendorn, A. W., Kaarsemaker, M., & van Balkom, A. J. L. M. (2015) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000382131 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Methodological Flaws, Conflicts of Interest, and Scientific Fallacies: Implications for the Evaluation of Antidepressants’ Efficacy and Harm
Hengartner, M. P. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00275 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
The Deceptive Manifestations of Treatment Resistance in Depression: A New Look at the Problem
Fava, G. A., Cosci, F., Guidi, J., & Rafanelli, C. (2020) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000507227 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citation
Psychiatric and Psychosomatic Consultation-Liaison Services in General Hospitals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Effects on Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety
Stein, B., Müller, M., Meyer, L. K., Söllner, W., & the CL Guidelines Working Group (2019) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000503177 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Withdrawal confounding in randomized controlled trials of antipsychotic, antidepressant, and stimulant drugs, 2000-2017
Récalt, A. M., & Cohen, D. (2019) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000496734 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Dose escalation of antidepressants in unipolar depression: a meta-analysis of double-blind, randomized controlled trials
Dold, M., Bartova, L., Rupprecht, R., & Kasper, S. (2017) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000477770 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
The Three-Month Effect of Mobile Internet-Based Cognitive Therapy on the Course of Depressive Symptoms in Remitted Recurrently Depressed Patients: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Kok, G. D., Burger, H., Riper, H. M., Cuijpers, P. J., Dekker, J., van Marwijk, H., Smit, F., Beck, A. T., & Bockting, C. (2015) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000369469 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
What Is New about New Antidepressants?
Dubovsky, S. L. (2018) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000488945 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
The Efficacy of a Group CBT Relapse Prevention Program for Remitted Anxiety Disorder Patients Who Discontinue Antidepressant Medication: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Scholten, W. D., Batelaan, N. M., van Oppen, P., Smit, J. H., Hoogendoorn, A. W., van Megen, H. J. G. M., Cath, D. C., & van Balkom, A. J. L. M. (2018) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000489498 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Body Dysmorphic Disorder: Common, Severe and in Need of Treatment Research
Phillips, K. A. (2014) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000366035 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Antidepressants during and after Menopausal Transition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Wu, C.-K., Tseng, P., Wu, M., Li, D., Chen, T., Kuo, F., Stubbs, B., Carvalho, A. F., Chen, Y., Lin, P., et al. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-64910-8 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Effectiveness of Supported Self-Help in Recurrent Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Primary Care
Biesheuvel-Leliefeld, K. E. M., Dijkstra‐Kersten, S. M. A., van Schaik, A., van Marwijk, H., Smit, F., van der Horst, H. E., & Bockting, C. (2017) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000472260 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
The Monoamine Hypothesis of Depression Revisited: Could It Mechanistically Novel Antidepressant Strategies?
Cosci, F., & Chouinard, G. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813333-0.00007-x · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Effect of group cognitive behavioural therapy on psychological stress and blood glucose in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a community-based cluster randomized controlled trial in China
Xu, C., Dong, Z., Zhang, P., Chang, G., Xiang, Q., Zhang, M., Zhou, J., Qiao, C., Yang, Q., Qin, Y., et al. (2021) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/dme.14491 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Relapse prevention in recurrent major depressive disorder. A comparison of different treatment options based on clinical experience and a critical review of the literature
Cosci, F., Mansueto, G., & Fava, G. A. (2020) · International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1080/13651501.2020.1779308 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citation
Time to remission from mild to moderate depressive symptoms: One year results from the EVIDENT-study, an RCT of an internet intervention for depression
Klein, J. P., Späth, C., Schröder, J., Meyer, B., Greiner, W., Hautzinger, M., Lutz, W., Rose, M., Vettorazzi, E., Andersson, G., et al. (2017) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2017.07.013 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Poorer Long-Term Outcomes among Persons with Major Depressive Disorder Treated with Medication
Vittengl, J. R. (2017) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000479162 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Psychotherapy in recurrent depression: efficacy, pitfalls, and recommendations
Cosci, F., Guidi, J., Mansueto, G., & Fava, G. A. (2020) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/14737175.2020.1804870 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citation
Using a peer evaluation system to assess faculty performance and competence.
Rosenbaum, M., Ferguson, K. J., Kreiter, C. D., & Johnson, C. A. (2005) · PubMed · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Potential mechanisms underlying the therapeutic roles of sinisan formula in depression: Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking study
Wang, H., Liu, J., He, J., Huang, D., Xi, Y., Xiao, T., Ouyang, Q., Zhang, S., Wan, S., & Chen, X. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1063489 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Antipsychotic augmentation for major depressive disorder: A review of clinical practice guidelines.
Simons, P., Cosgrove, L., Shaughnessy, A., & Bursztajn, H. (2017) · International Journal of Law and Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2017.10.003 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Failure to Respond after Reinstatement of Antidepressant Medication: A Systematic Review
Bosman, R. C., Waumans, R. C., Jacobs, G. E., Oude Voshaar, R. C., Muntingh, A. D. T., Batelaan, N. M., & van Balkom, A. J. L. M. (2018) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000491550 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
The Diagnostic Apathia Scale predicts the ability to return to work following depression or anxiety
Hellström, L. C., Eplov, L. F., Nordentoft, M., Østergaard, S. D., & Bech, P. (2013) · Acta Neuropsychiatrica · doi:10.1017/neu.2014.23 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Antidepressant Use During Acute Inpatient Care Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Psychiatric Rehospitalisation Over a 12-Month Follow-Up After Discharge
Hengartner, M. P., Passalacqua, S., Andreae, A., Heinsius, T., Hepp, U., Wulf Rössler, A., & von Wyl, A. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00079 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
From Evidence to Practice: A Comprehensive Analysis of Side Effects in Synthetic Anti-Depressant Therapy
Pannu, A. S., & Goyal, R. K. (2024) · Current Drug Safety · doi:10.2174/0115748863301630240417071353 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Inconsistent Portrayal of Medication Dependence, Withdrawal and Discontinuation Symptoms in Treatment Guidelines for Anxiety Disorders
Starčević, V., Brakoulias, V., Viswasam, K., & Berle, D. (2015) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000439137 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
What psychologists need to know about psychotropic medications
Tomba, E., Guidi, J., & Fava, G. A. (2018) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2154 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citation
Benzodiazepines Are Efficacious and Safe for Long-Term Use: Clinical Research Data and More than Sixty Years in the Market
Nardi, A. E., & Quagliato, L. A. (2022) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000524730 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Symptom Change during Waitlist for Medicated and Nonmedicated Patients with Chronic Depression
Høstmælingen, A., Nissen‐Lie, H. A., Wampold, B. E., & Ulvenes, P. (2023) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000533661 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Efficacy and mechanism of acupuncture in animal models of depressive-like behaviors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Huang, Y., Chen, W., Li, X., Tan, T., Wang, T., Qiu, S., Li, G., Yang, C., Li, M., & Duan, L. (2024) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2024.1330594 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The Psychosomatic Practice
Fava, G. A., Guidi, J., & Sonino, N. (2014) · Acta Dermato Venereologica · doi:10.2340/00015555-2431 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citation
Time to rethink the approach to recurrent depression
Fava, G. A. (2018) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(18)30128-7 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citation
Associations between Pharmacological Treatment Patterns during the Initial Treatment Period and the Relapse or Recurrence of Anxiety Disorders: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study
Kim, J., Han, C., Lee, M., Jeong, H., Kim, J., & Kim, S. (2023) · Life · doi:10.3390/life13051197 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy versus Escitalopram in Patients with Chronic Depression: Results from a Naturalistic Long-Term Follow-Up
Bausch, P., Fangmeier, T., Schramm, E., Zobel, I., Drost, S., Schnell, K., Walter, H., Berger, T., Schoepf, D., & Normann, C. (2017) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000477133 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Comparing outcomes in chronic depression following inpatient psychotherapy for patients continuing versus discontinuing antidepressant medication
Høstmælingen, A., Ulvenes, P., Nissen‐Lie, H. A., Eielsen, M., & Wampold, B. E. (2021) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2561 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Trajectories of change in chronic depression: Differences in self-criticism and somatic symptoms between users of antidepressants and nonmedicated patients.
Høstmælingen, A., Ulvenes, P., Nissen‐Lie, H. A., Eielsen, M., & Wampold, B. E. (2021) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/cou0000572 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Efficacy and Harms of Pharmacological Interventions for Anxiety after Traumatic Brain Injury: Systematic Review
Hicks, A. J., Clay, F. J., Hopwood, M., James, A. C., Perry, L. A., Jayaram, M., Batty, R., & Ponsford, J. L. (2021) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2020.7277 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Well-Being Therapy in Anxiety Disorders
Cosci, F. (2020) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-981-32-9705-0_24 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOCUTANEOUS DISEASES Selected Writings in Psychosomatics, Psychodermatology and Psycho-Neuro-Endocrinoimmunology A Memorial Publication for Emiliano Panconesi
Tomas-Aragones, L., Gieler, U., & Linder, M. D. (2016) · Acta Dermato Venereologica · doi:10.2340/00015555-2497 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Evidence-based practice: a comparison of International Clinical Practice Guidelines and current research on physical activity for mild to moderate depression
Hess, C. W., Karter, J. M., Cosgrove, L., & Hayden, L. A. (2018) · Translational Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/tbm/iby092 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Clinimetric Assessment in Psychosomatic Medicine
Cosci, F., & Fava, G. A. (2018) · Integrating psychiatry and primary care · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-74736-1_5 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Quest for a Valid Model of Long-Term Treatment of Depression: Sequential Model and Giovanni A. Fava
Balon, R. (2022) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000527693 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Mono- and poly-therapy with benzodiazepines or Z-drugs: Results from a tertiary-care Addiction Unit study
Mansueto, G., Lugoboni, F., Casari, R., Bertoldi, A., & Cosci, F. (2021) · International Journal of Risk & Safety in Medicine · doi:10.3233/jrs-210014 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Evaluating the rational use of antidepressant in older patients: a comprehensive analysis of its association with cognitive impairment
Gil‐Peinado, M., Pardo, J., García-Zamora, M., Meseguer, G. M. A., Sendra‐Lillo, J., & Moreno, L. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1624989 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Evidence of new-onset depression among persons with migraine after discontinuing antidepressants
Kious, B. M., & Bakian, A. V. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112990 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Changing my mind: one professor’s story of rethinking psychotropic medication
Gum, A. M. (2015) · Journal of Medicine and the Person · doi:10.1007/s12682-015-0213-x · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Symptom trajectories in discontinuation trials
Browning, M. D. (2017) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(17)30054-8
La panique et l'agoraphobie
Fava, G. A. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-2-294-76050-1.00017-9
Self-citation
The Impoverishment of Psychiatric Knowledge
Aftab, A., & Fava, G. A. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780192870322.003.0005
Self-citation
Psychotherapeutic interventions
Cosci, F., & Fava, G. A. (2017) · doi:10.1093/med/9780198746638.003.0018
Self-citation
Veterans, Antidepressants, and Suicide: A Systematic Review of Adverse EventsPreprint
Dunleavy, D. J., Lacasse, J. R., Hughes, S., Olson, C., & Woods, M. N. (2021) · doi:10.31235/osf.io/wym4g
Dépression
Fava, G. A. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-2-294-76050-1.00014-3
Self-citation
The problem of antidepressant withdrawal: Evolving knowledge landscapes and changing power dynamicsPreprint
Dunleavy, D. J. (2023) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/jzwya
Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Clinical Outcomes in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Treated with Prostilbestrol
Sun, J., Zhou, H., & Li, M. (2024) · Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.spl.843
Comprendre la physiopathologie des syndromes de sevrage
Fava, G. A., & Peretti, C.-S. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-2-294-77932-9.00004-2
Self-citation
La décision d’arrêter de prendre des antidépresseurs
Fava, G. A., & Peretti, C.-S. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-2-294-77932-9.00005-4
Self-citation
Prévention de la dépendance et de la symptomatologie du sevrage dus aux traitements antidépresseurs
Fava, G. A., & Peretti, C.-S. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-2-294-77932-9.00012-1
Self-citation
Pharmacopsychology of Prescribing: An Introduction to the PoP Model
Tan, V. T. Y., & van Oeveren, M. (2026) · Mental Illness · doi:10.1155/mij/3939110
Patients’ experiences of antidepressant withdrawal: a narrative systematic review from a health promotion perspective
Bessone, M., & Nicholl, B. I. (2026) · Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1007/s10389-026-02779-z

Tachyphylaxis/ tolerance to antidepressive medications: a review.
Katz, G. (2011) · PubMed · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The mechanisms of tolerance in antidepressant action
Fava, G. A., & Offidani, E. (2011) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.07.026 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Self-citation
Identification and treatment of antidepressant tachyphylaxis.
Targum, S. D. (2014) · PubMed · Cited by 23 · see citing works
May antidepressant drugs worsen the conditions they are supposed to treat? The clinical foundations of the oppositional model of tolerance
Fava, G. A. (2020) · Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/2045125320970325 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Self-citation
The emergence of loss of efficacy during antidepressant drug treatment for major depressive disorder: An integrative review of evidence, mechanisms, and clinical implications
Fornaro, M., Anastasia, A., Novello, S., Fusco, A., Pariano, R., De Berardis, D., Solmi, M., Veronese, N., Stubbs, B., Vieta, E., et al. (2019) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2018.10.025 · Cited by 80 · see citing works

Authors: Fava, G. A.
Affiliations: University of Bologna (IT)
Corresponding author: Fava, Giovanni A.
ORCID: Fava, Giovanni A.
Venue: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics
Publisher: S. Karger AG
Published: 2014
Volume: 83
Issue: 4
Pages: 197-204
ISSN: 0033-3190 (ISSN-L)
1423-0348
DOI: 10.1159/000362803
OpenAlex: W2072039859
Semantic Scholar: 4d6ae332de93f6e608d763d856792ca2ce41b571
Cited by: 95
References: 83
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 1
FWCI: 9.20
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.karger.com/Services/SiteLicenses (vor)
www.karger.com/Services/SiteLicenses (tdm)
Locations: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
Keywords: antidepressants, rational drug use, drug tolerance, tachyphylaxis, antidepressant resistance, paradoxical effects, bipolar disorder, withdrawal reactions
MeSH terms: Antidepressive Agents, Anxiety Disorders, Major Depressive Disorder, Humans

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Rational Use of Antidepressant Drugs

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks