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Cited by 31Primate Behavior and EcologyAnimal Behavior and ReproductionNeuroendocrine regulation and behavior

Behavioral characteristics of pair bonding in the black tufted-ear marmoset (Callithrix penicillata)

Open access
Birnie, Andrew K., Smith, Adam S., Ågmo, Anders, French, Jeffrey A.·2012·Behaviour
DOI 10.1163/156853912x638454PMC PMC6261535
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Abstract

The present study describes how the development of a pair bond modifies social, sexual and aggressive behavior. Five heterosexual pairs of marmosets, previously unknown to each other, were formed at the beginning of the study. At the onset of pairing, social, sexual, exploratory and aggressive behaviors were recorded for 40 min. The animals were then observed for 20 min, both in the morning and afternoon for 21 days. The frequency and/or duration of behaviors recorded on Day 1 were compared to those recorded at later observations. The behavior displayed shortly after pairing should be completely unaffected by the pair bond, while such a bond should be present at later observations. Thus, it was possible to determine how the behavior between the pair was modified by the development of a pair bond. Social behaviors increased from Day 1 to Days 2-6 and all subsequent days observed. Conversely, other behaviors, such as open mouth displays (usually considered to be an invitation to sexual activity), had a high frequency during the early part of cohabitation but declined towards the end. Consequently, pair bonding manifests itself in an increased intensity of social behaviors. It is suggested that the intrinsically rewarding properties of grooming and perhaps other social behaviors turn the pair mate into a positive incentive, activating approach and further interactions when possible. Thus, the pair bond may be a motivational state activated by the conditioned incentive properties of the partner. This notion can explain all forms of pair bonds, including those occurring between individuals of the same sex and in promiscuous species.

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  • Marmosets are a highly social, cooperatively breeding New World primate that readily form and maintain long-term male-female relationships.

    “Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) are a highly social, cooperatively breeding New World primate that readily form and maintain long-term male-female relationships (Digby, 1995; Schaffner et al., 1995; Ågmo et al., 2012), and exhibit biparental and alloparental infant care (da Silva Mota et al., 2006).”

    From Marmosets treated with oxytocin are more socially attractive to their long-term mate (2015) · cites this paper as Ågmo et al., 2012

  • After eight weeks of cohabitation is a more than adequate duration of time to allow for significant establishment of a stable social bond in marmosets.

    “After eight weeks of cohabitation, which has been shown to be a more than adequate duration of time to allow for significant establishment of a stable social bond in marmosets (Ågmo et al., 2012), male and female marmosets underwent partner-preference testing.”

    From Oxytocin facilitates fidelity in well-established marmoset pairs by reducing sociosexual behavior toward opposite-sex strangers (2014) · cites this paper as Ågmo et al., 2012

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Epple G 1977 Notes on the establishment and maintenance of the pair bond in Saguinus fuscicollis The biology and conservation of the Callitrichidae Kleiman DG Smithsonian Institution Press Washington, DC 231 237
  2. Kleiman DG 1977a Characteristics of reproduction and sociosexual interaction in pairs of lion tamarins (Leontopithecus rosalia rosalia) during the reproductive cycle The biology and conservation of the Callitrichidae Kleiman DG Smithsonian Institution Press Washington, DC 181 190

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Authors
Birnie, A. K., Smith, A. S., Ågmo, A., & French, J. A.
Affiliations
  • University of Nebraska at Omaha (US)
  • Florida State University (US)
  • UiT The Arctic University of Norway (NO)
ORCID
Venue
Behaviour
Publisher
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Published
2012
Volume
149
Issue
3-4
Pages
407-440
ISSN
  • 0005-7959 (ISSN-L)
  • 1568-539X
DOI
10.1163/156853912x638454
PMC
PMC6261535
OpenAlex
W2042675543
Cited by
31
References
132
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2
FWCI
2.89
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Behaviour (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation
  • U.S. Department of Agriculture
  • University of Nebraska Medical Center
  • University Research Committee, Emory University
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD042882, R56HD042882)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Primate Behavior and Ecology
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
Keywords
pair bonding, Callithrix penicillata, social behavior, sexual behavior, aggression, grooming, approach behavior, primate social behavior

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