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A Pilot Controlled Clinical Trial of ABT-418, a Cholinergic Agonist, in the Treatment of Adults With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Despite the increasing recognition of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults, there is a paucity of controlled pharmacological trials. Recent reports have suggested the potential usefulness of cholinergic agents for ADHD. To this end, the authors completed a controlled study of ABT-418, a novel cholinergic activating agent, for the treatment of adults with ADHD. METHOD: This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover trial that compared a transdermal patch of ABT-418 (75 mg/day) to placebo in adults who met DSM-IV criteria for ADHD. There were two 3-week treatment periods separated by 1 week of washout. RESULTS: Of the 32 subjects enrolled in the study (88% were men; mean age = 40 years, SD = 9), 29 completed the study. At the endpoint of each active arm (last observation carried forward), a significantly higher proportion of subjects was considered improved while receiving ABT-418 than while receiving placebo (40% versus 13%). Similarly, at endpoint there was a significantly greater reduction in ADHD symptom checklist scores (28% versus 15%). Symptoms reflective of attention, and subjects with less severe ADHD, responded more robustly to ABT-418. Treatment with ABT-418 was relatively well tolerated; dizziness and nausea were the most frequently reported adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this investigation indicate that ABT-418, a nicotinic analog, may be a potentially useful agent for the treatment of ADHD.
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“Recent studies have indicated that agonists selective for α4β2* nAChRs produce perhaps more robust and clinically more promising enhancement of attention and related cognitive abilities (Potter et al, 1999; Wilens et al, 1999; Wilens et al, 2006; Dunbar et al, 2007; Wilens and Decker, 2007).”
From Modes and models of forebrain cholinergic neuromodulation of cognition (2011) · cites this paper as Wilens et al, 1999
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Metadata
- Authors
- Wilens, T. E., Biederman, J., Spencer, T. J., Bostic, J., Prince, J., Monuteaux, M. C., Soriano, J., Fine, C., Abrams, A., Rater, M., & Polisner, D.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 1999-12-01
- Volume
- 156
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1931-1937
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- OpenAlex
- W2149138665
- Cited by
- 230
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 8.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5k20mh001175-02)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-01175)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Keywords
- ABT-418, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, adult ADHD, cholinergic agonists, nicotinic agonists, transdermal patch, pharmacotherapy, ADHD symptom improvement, treatment tolerability
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Cutaneous, Adult, Age Factors, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Dizziness, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Isoxazoles, Male, Nausea, Pilot Projects, Pyrrolidines, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Treatment Outcome, Cross-Over Studies, Cholinergic Agonists
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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