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Cited by 382Personality Traits and PsychologyPersonality Disorders and PsychopathologyEmotions and Moral Behavior

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 45 of the 47 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

On the Meaning and Measure of Narcissism

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Brown, Ryan P., Budzek, Karolyn, Tamborski, Michael·2009·Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
DOI 10.1177/0146167209335461
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Abstract

For three decades, social-personality research on overt narcissism has relied almost exclusively on the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI). However, the NPI suffers from a host of psychometric and validity concerns that make composite NPI scores (summed across its subscales) difficult to interpret. The present studies propose that narcissistic characteristics tend to fall under two general clusters: grandiosity and entitlement. The studies show that measures of grandiosity and entitlement interact to predict scores on the NPI, controlling for gender, self-esteem, and basic personality (Study 1), but also that grandiosity and entitlement function independently with respect to mental health (Study 2) and ethical misconduct (Study 3). Together, these results challenge the view of overt narcissism as a unidimensional construct and underscore the importance of distinguishing between grandiose and entitled aspects of the narcissistic self-concept.

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Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 7

  1. American Psychiatric Association., 2000, Diagnostic statistical manual of mental disorders
  2. Budzek, K., 2008, Correlations among narcissistic grandiosity, entitlement, empathy, and self-serving illusions
  3. John, O.P., 1991, The Big Five Inventory-Versions 4a and 54
  4. Rosenthal, S.A., 2008, Revisiting the Narcissistic Personality Inventory: Does it measure narcissism, self-esteem, or both?
  5. Rosenthal, S.A., 2007, Distinguishing grandiosity from self-esteem: Development of the Narcissistic Grandiosity Scale
  6. 10.1037/0022-3514.67.6.1063 · DOI · Paper page
  7. Westen, D., 1990, Psychoanalysis & Contemporary Thought, 13, 183

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Metadata

Authors
Brown, R. P., Budzek, K., & Tamborski, M.
Affiliations
University of Oklahoma (US)
Corresponding author
Brown, Ryan P.
ORCID
Brown, Ryan P.
Venue
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2009-06-01
Volume
35
Issue
7
Pages
951-964
ISSN
  • 0146-1672 (ISSN-L)
  • 1552-7433
DOI
10.1177/0146167209335461
OpenAlex
W2127423490
Cited by
382
References
47
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 16
FWCI
19.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • SHAREOK (University of Oklahoma; Oklahoma State University; Central Oklahoma University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
Keywords
grandiose narcissism, Narcissistic Personality Inventory, grandiosity, entitlement, self-concept, mental health, ethical violations, self-esteem
MeSH terms
Adult, Extraversion, Psychological, Female, Health Status, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Models, Psychological, Narcissism, Personality, Personality Inventory, Probability, Psychometrics, Regression Analysis, Self Concept, Sex Factors, Conduct Disorder

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