Treatments for Adolescents With Comorbid ADHD and Substance Use Disorder: A Systematic Review
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Objective: Comorbid ADHD and substance use disorder (SUD) presents frequently in adolescence, a developmental period that may promote the emergence of substance misuse among individuals with ADHD. Comorbid ADHD and SUD in adolescence results in significant and unique treatment challenges, necessitating examination into effective interventions. Method: This systematic review examined existing research into the treatment of comorbid adolescent ADHD and SUD. Results: Findings from a small number of pharmacological intervention studies suggest potential efficacy of extended-release stimulant and nonstimulant medications. Efficacy of psychotherapeutic interventions has not been systematically examined. Conclusion: Current research on treatments for comorbid ADHD and SUD in adolescence is limited. Future placebo-controlled clinical trials using large samples are needed to examine the efficacy of psychotherapeutic interventions, the heightened risk of prescription stimulant misuse, and the long-term maintenance of treatment gains in this population. Clinical guidelines for the treatment of comorbid ADHD and SUD are discussed.
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The review's findings extend prior systematic reviews of interventions for adolescents with substance use co-occurring with other mental health problems and reviews of trauma/substance use interventions focused on adults.
“Our findings extend prior systematic review findings focusing on outcomes of interventions for adolescents with SU co-occurring with other MH problems [75–79] and reviews of interventions for trauma/SU that focused on adult populations [25, 80].”
Extended-release mixed amphetamine salts increase the release of dopamine and norepinephrine and inhibit the reuptake of these neurotransmitters.
“These medications increase the release of dopamine and norepinephrine and inhibit the reuptake of these neurotransmitters.135”
From The ASAM/AAAP Clinical Practice Guideline on the Management of Stimulant Use Disorder (2024) · cites this paper as [135]
The Review of Existing Pharmacological Treatment Research identifies mixed amphetamine salts as stimulants, and its Summary says extended-release forms have not been systematically evaluated. Neither section describes dopamine or norepinephrine release or reuptake; searches for those mechanisms found no supporting passage in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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- Authors
- Zaso, M. J., Park, A., & Antshel, K. M.
- Affiliations
- Syracuse University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Park, Aesoon
- Venue
- Journal of Attention Disorders
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2015-02-05
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1215-1226
- ISSN
- 1087-0547 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-1246
- PMC
- PMC4666815
- OpenAlex
- W2010499403
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 86
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 0.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Attention Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R15AA022496)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, substance use disorders, comorbidities, adolescents, therapeutic interventions, non-stimulant medication, psychotherapeutic interventions, prescription stimulant misuse, maintenance therapy, clinical guidelines
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Humans, Substance-Related Disorders
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