Global characterization of Artemisia annua glandular trichome transcriptome using 454 pyrosequencing
Open accessAbstract
Background: Glandular trichomes produce a wide variety of commercially important secondary metabolites in many plant species. The most prominent anti-malarial drug artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone, is produced in glandular trichomes of Artemisia annua. However, only limited genomic information is currently available in this non-model plant species. Results: We present a global characterization of A. annua glandular trichome transcriptome using 454 pyrosequencing. Sequencing runs using two normalized cDNA collections from glandular trichomes yielded 406,044 expressed sequence tags (average length = 210 nucleotides), which assembled into 42,678 contigs and 147,699 singletons. Performing a second sequencing run only increased the number of genes identified by ~30%, indicating that massively parallel pyrosequencing provides deep coverage of the A. annua trichome transcriptome. By BLAST search against the NCBI non-redundant protein database, putative functions were assigned to over 28,573 unigenes, including previously undescribed enzymes likely involved in sesquiterpene biosynthesis. Comparison with ESTs derived from trichome collections of other plant species revealed expressed genes in common functional categories across different plant species. RT-PCR analysis confirmed the expression of selected unigenes and novel transcripts in A. annua glandular trichomes. Conclusion: The presence of contigs corresponding to enzymes for terpenoids and flavonoids biosynthesis suggests important metabolic activity in A. annua glandular trichomes. Our comprehensive survey of genes expressed in glandular trichome will facilitate new gene discovery and shed light on the regulatory mechanism of artemisinin metabolism and trichome function in A. annua.
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Glandular secretory trichomes express multiple members of gene families, encoding enzymes of specialised metabolism including terpene synthases and cytochrome P450 oxidases.
“it is known that glandular secretory trichomes express multiple members of gene families, encoding enzymes of specialised metabolism including terpene synthases and cytochrome P450 oxidases (16, 19, 23).”
From <i>Artemisia annua</i> mutant impaired in artemisinin synthesis demonstrates importance of nonenzymatic conversion in terpenoid metabolism (2016) · cites this paper as [23]
The Results section, “Representation of genes related to secondary metabolism” (page unavailable), identifies several putative sesquiterpene synthase unigenes and other monoterpene synthase unigenes in A. annua glandular trichomes. Our copy does not report multiple cytochrome P450 oxidase genes expressed there; a P450 appears in a cited work’s title in the References, not as a reported set of genes in this study. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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- Authors
- Wang, W., Wang, Y., Zhang, Q., Qi, Y., & Guo, D.
- Affiliations
- Chinese University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Corresponding author
- Guo, Dianjing
- Venue
- BMC Genomics
- Published
- 2009-10-09
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 465-465
- ISSN
- 1471-2164 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2763888
- OpenAlex
- W1998328584
- Cited by
- 224
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 10.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- BMC Genomics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Keywords
- Artemisia annua, glandular trichomes, transcriptome, artemisinin biosynthesis, sesquiterpene lactones, secondary metabolites, expressed sequence tags, terpenoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, unigene annotation, gene discovery
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Sequence, Molecular Sequence Data, Sequence Alignment, Genes, Plant, Sequence Analysis, DNA, DNA, Complementary, DNA, Plant, Expressed Sequence Tags, Contig Mapping, Gene Expression Profiling, Artemisia annua, Artemisinins
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