Cited by 180Probiotics and Fermented FoodsGut microbiota and healthGastrointestinal motility and disorders

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Lactobacillus fermentum (PCC®) supplementation and gastrointestinal and respiratory-tract illness symptoms: a randomised control trial in athletes

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West, Nicholas P, Pyne, David B, Cripps, Allan W, Hopkins, William G, Eskesen, Dorte C, Jairath, Ashok, Christophersen, Claus T, Conlon, Michael A, Fricker, Peter A·2011·Nutrition Journal

DOI 10.1186/1475-2891-10-30PMC PMC3083335

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Abstract

Background: Probiotics purportedly reduce symptoms of gastrointestinal and upper respiratory-tract illness by modulating commensal microflora. Preventing and reducing symptoms of respiratory and gastrointestinal illness are the primary reason that dietary supplementation with probiotics are becoming increasingly popular with healthy active individuals. There is a paucity of data regarding the effectiveness of probiotics in this cohort. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a probiotic on faecal microbiology, self-reported illness symptoms and immunity in healthy well trained individuals. Methods: Competitive cyclists (64 males and 35 females; age 35 ± 9 and 36 ± 9 y, VO 2 max 56 ± 6 and 52 ± 6 ml.kg-1.min-1, mean ± SD) were randomised to either probiotic (minimum 1 × 10 9 Lactobacillus fermentum (PCC®) per day) or placebo treatment for 11 weeks in a double-blind, randomised, controlled trial. The outcome measures were faecal L. fermentum counts, self-reported symptoms of illness and serum cytokines. Results: Lactobacillus numbers increased 7.7-fold (90% confidence limits 2.1- to 28-fold) more in males on the probiotic, while there was an unclear 2.2-fold (0.2- to 18-fold) increase in females taking the probiotic. The number and duration of mild gastrointestinal symptoms were ~2-fold greater in the probiotic group. However, there was a substantial 0.7 (0.2 to 1.2) of a scale step reduction in the severity of gastrointestinal illness at the mean training load in males, which became more pronounced as training load increased. The load (duration×severity) of lower respiratory illness symptoms was less by a factor of 0.31 (99%CI; 0.07 to 0.96) in males taking the probiotic compared with placebo but increased by a factor of 2.2 (0.41 to 27) in females. Differences in use of cold and flu medication mirrored these symptoms. The observed effects on URTI had too much uncertainty for a decisive outcome. There were clear reductions in the magnitude of acute exercise-induced changes in some cytokines. Conclusion: L. fermentum may be a useful nutritional adjunct for healthy exercising males. However, uncertainty in the effects of supplementation on URTI and on symptoms in females needs to be resolved. Trial registration: The trial was registered in the Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12611000006943).

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Authors: West, N. P., Pyne, D. B., Cripps, A. W., Hopkins, W. G., Eskesen, D. C., Jairath, A., Christophersen, C. T., Conlon, M. A., & Fricker, P. A.
Affiliations: Griffith University (AU)
Australian National University (AU)
Chr. Hansen (Denmark) (DK)
Procomcure Biotech (Austria) (AT)
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (AU)
Corresponding author: Cripps, Allan W
ORCID: West, Nicholas P
Pyne, David B
Cripps, Allan W
Christophersen, Claus T
Conlon, Michael A
Venue: Nutrition Journal
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2011-04-11
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Pages: 30-30
ISSN: 1475-2891 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-10-30
PMC: PMC3083335
OpenAlex: W2104181007
Cited by: 180
References: 45
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 11
FWCI: 14.49
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
www.springer.com/tdm (unspecified)
Locations: Nutrition Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Victoria University Research Repository (Victoria University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Griffith Research Online (submittedVersion, cc-by)
University of Canberra Research Portal (submittedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
eSpace (Curtin University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Australian Institute of Sport
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
Keywords: Lactobacillus fermentum, probiotics, athletes, cyclists, gastrointestinal diseases, upper respiratory tract infection, fecal microbiota, serum cytokines, sex differences, training load, dietary supplementation, gut microbiota modulation, gastrointestinal symptoms, cold and flu
MeSH terms: Adult, Double-Blind Method, Feces, Female, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Humans, Immunity, Male, Middle Aged, New Zealand, Respiratory Tract Infections, Exercise, Cytokines, Probiotics, Gastrointestinal Tract, Limosilactobacillus fermentum, Young Adult, Athletes, Self Report

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Lactobacillus fermentum (PCC®) supplementation and gastrointestinal and respiratory-tract illness symptoms: a randomised control trial in athletes

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