Cited by 88Gut microbiota and healthProbiotics and Fermented FoodsNutrition, Genetics, and Disease

Precision nutrition and the microbiome part II: potential opportunities and pathways to commercialisation

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Mills, Susan, Lane, Jonathan A., Smith, Graeme J., Grimaldi, Keith A., Ross, R. Paul, Stanton, Catherine·2019·Nutrients

Abstract

Modulation of the human gut microbiota through probiotics, prebiotics and dietary fibre are recognised strategies to improve health and prevent disease. Yet we are only beginning to understand the impact of these interventions on the gut microbiota and the physiological consequences for the human host, thus forging the way towards evidence-based scientific validation. However, in many studies a percentage of participants can be defined as 'non-responders' and scientists are beginning to unravel what differentiates these from 'responders;' and it is now clear that an individual's baseline microbiota can influence an individual's response. Thus, microbiome composition can potentially serve as a biomarker to predict responsiveness to interventions, diets and dietary components enabling greater opportunities for its use towards disease prevention and health promotion. In Part I of this two-part review, we reviewed the current state of the science in terms of the gut microbiota and the role of diet and dietary components in shaping it and subsequent consequences for human health. In Part II, we examine the efficacy of gut-microbiota modulating therapies at different life stages and their potential to aid in the management of undernutrition and overnutrition. Given the significance of an individual's gut microbiota, we investigate the feasibility of microbiome testing and we discuss guidelines for evaluating the scientific validity of evidence for providing personalised microbiome-based dietary advice. Overall, this review highlights the potential value of the microbiome to prevent disease and maintain or promote health and in doing so, paves the pathway towards commercialisation.

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  1. [3]Institute of Medicine Dietary Reference Intakes: Energy, Carbohydrates, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein and Amino Acids National Academies Press Washington, DC, USA 2005
  2. [113]Pray L.A. Institute of Medicine (US) Planning Committee for Food Supply and Aging Populations, National Academies Press (US) Providing Healthy and Safe Foods as We Age: Workshop Summary National Academies Press Washington, DC, USA 2010 21391340

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Authors
Mills, S., Lane, J. A., Smith, G. J., Grimaldi, K. A., Ross, R. P., & Stanton, C.
Affiliations
  • University College Cork (IE)
  • H&H Group, Technical Centre, Global Research and Technology Centre, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland
  • Edinburgh Genomics (GB)
  • Teagasc - The Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority (IE)
Corresponding author
  • Smith, Graeme J.
  • Stanton, Catherine
Venue
Nutrients
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2019-06-27
Volume
11
Issue
7
Pages
1468
ISSN
2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2953731588
Cited by
88
References
265
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 2
FWCI
1.03
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Cork Open Research Archive (University College Cork, Ireland) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • Arrow@dit (Dublin Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Lenus, The Irish Health Repository (Dr Steevens Hospital Library) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
Keywords
gut microbiota, personalized nutrition, probiotics, prebiotics, dietary fiber, microbiome biomarkers, malnutrition, overnutrition, life stages
MeSH terms
Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Age Factors, Animals, Bacteria, Dietary Fiber, Female, Humans, Intestines, Life Expectancy, Male, Nutritional Status, Probiotics, Malnutrition, Overnutrition, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Prebiotics

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