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Cited by 229Consumer Attitudes and Food LabelingNutritional Studies and DietNutrition, Health and Food Behavior

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 53 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Prospective association between ultra-processed food consumption and incident depressive symptoms in the French NutriNet-Santé cohort

Open access
Adjibade, Moufidath, Julia, Chantal, Allès, Benjamin, Touvier, Mathilde, Lemogne, Cédric, Srour, Bernard, Hercberg, Serge, Galan, Pilar, Assmann, Karen E., Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle·2019·BMC Medicine
DOI 10.1186/s12916-019-1312-yPMC PMC6463641
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption has increased over the last decades in Westernized countries. Our objective was to investigate for the first time the association between the proportion of UPF (%UPF) in the diet and incident depressive symptoms in the NutriNet-Santé cohort. METHODS: The sample included 20,380 women and 6350 men (aged 18-86 years) without depressive symptoms at the first Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) measurement, using validated cut-offs (CES-D score ≥ 17 for men and ≥ 23 for women). The proportion of UPF in the diet was computed for each subject using the NOVA classification applied to dietary intakes collected by repeated 24-h records (mean = 8; SD = 2.3). The association between UPF and depressive symptoms was evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: Over a mean follow-up of 5.4 years, 2221 incident cases of depressive symptoms were identified. After accounting for a wide range of potential confounders, an increased risk of depressive symptoms was observed with an increased %UPF in the diet. In the main model adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, body mass index, and lifestyle factors, the estimated hazard ratio for a 10% increase in UPF was 1.21 (95% confidence interval = 1.15-1.27). Considering %UPF in food groups, the association was significant only for beverages and sauces or added fats. CONCLUSION: Overall, UPF consumption was positively associated with the risk of incident depressive symptoms, suggesting that accounting for this non-nutritional aspect of the diet could be important for mental health promotion.

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Fig. 1 Flow chart of participant selection. CES-D Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale
Fig. 1 Flow chart of participant selection. CES-D Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression ScaleCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 2 Association between ultra-processed food intake and incident depressive symptoms in population subgroups. Values are hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). BMI body max index; BMR basal metabolic rate; CES-D Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; EI energy intake. Model was adjusted for sex, age, marital status, educational level, occupational categories, household income per consumption unit, residential area, number of 24-h dietary records, inclusion month, energy intake without alcohol, alcohol intake, body max index, smoking status, and physical activity (main model)
Fig. 2 Association between ultra-processed food intake and incident depressive symptoms in population subgroups. Values are hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). BMI body max index; BMR basal metabolic rate; CES-D Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; EI energy intake. Model was adjusted for sex, age, marital status, educational level, occupational categories, household income per consumption unit, residential area, number of 24-h dietary records, inclusion month, energy intake without alcohol, alcohol intake, body max index, smoking status, and physical activity (main model)CC BY · PubMed Central

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Le Moullec N, Deheeger M, Preziosi P, Monteiro P, Valeix P, Rolland-Cachera M, et al. Validation of the photo manual used for the collection of dietary data in the SU.VI.MAX study. Cah Nutr Diététique. 1996;31:158-64.
  2. NutriNet-Santé coordination. Table de composition des aliments - Etude NutriNet-Santé. Paris: Economica; 2013.

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Metadata

Authors
Adjibade, M., Julia, C., Allès, B., Touvier, M., Lemogne, C., Srour, B., Hercberg, S., Galan, P., Assmann, K. E., & Kesse-Guyot, E.
Affiliations
Inserm (FR)
Corresponding author
Adjibade, Moufidath
ORCID
Venue
BMC Medicine
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2019-04-15
Volume
17
Issue
1
Pages
78-78
ISSN
1741-7015 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s12916-019-1312-y
PMC
PMC6463641
OpenAlex
W2935870862
Cited by
227
References
53
Citations by year
2026: 22 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 6
FWCI
21.63
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • BMC Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale
  • Fondation ARC pour la Recherche sur le Cancer
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
Keywords
ultra-processed foods, depressive symptoms, incident depression, NOVA classification, diet and mental health, NutriNet-Santé cohort, beverages, dietary intake
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Depression, Diet, Female, France, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Cohort Studies, Young Adult, Fast Foods

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