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Birth and Death of Bone Cells: Basic Regulatory Mechanisms and Implications for the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Osteoporosis*

Manolagas, Stavros C.·2000·Endocrine Reviews
DOI 10.1210/edrv.21.2.0395
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Abstract

The adult skeleton regenerates by temporary cellular structures that comprise teams of juxtaposed osteoclasts and osteoblasts and replace periodically old bone with new.A considerable body of evidence accumulated during the last decade has shown that the rate of genesis of these two highly specialized cell types, as well as the prevalence of their apoptosis, is essential for the maintenance of bone homeostasis; and that common metabolic bone disorders such as osteoporosis result largely from a derangement in the birth or death of these cells.The purpose of this article is 3-fold: 1) to review the role and the molecular mechanism of action of regulatory molecules, such as cytokines and hormones, in osteoclast and osteoblast birth and apoptosis; 2) to review the evidence for the contribution of changes in bone cell birth or death to the pathogenesis of the most common forms of osteoporosis; and 3) to highlight the implications of bone cell birth and death for a better understanding of the mechanism of action and efficacy of present and future pharmacotherapeutic agents for osteoporosis.(Endocrine Reviews 21: 115-137, 2000) I. Introduction II.Physiological Bone Regeneration A. Remodeling by the basic multicellular unit (BMU) III.Osteoblastogenesis and Osteoclastogenesis A. Growth factors and their antagonists B. Cytokines C. Systemic hormones D. Adhesion molecules IV.Reciprocal Relationship Between Osteoblastogenesis and Adipogenesis V. Serial and Parallel Models of Osteoblast and Osteoclast Development VI. Function of the Mature Cells A. Osteoblasts B. Osteocytes C. Lining cells D. Osteoclasts VII.Death of Bone Cells by Apoptosis VIII.Regulation of Bone Cell Proliferation and Activity IX.Pathogenesis of Osteoporosis A. Sex steroid deficiency B. Senescence C. Glucocorticoid excess X.

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Metadata

Authors
Manolagas, S. C.
Venue
Endocrine Reviews
Publisher
The Endocrine Society
Published
2000-04-01
Volume
21
Issue
2
Pages
115-137
ISSN
  • 0163-769X (ISSN-L)
  • 1945-7189
DOI
10.1210/edrv.21.2.0395
OpenAlex
W2142820105
Cited by
2,568
References
25
FWCI
26.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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Manolagas, S. C. (2000). Birth and Death of Bone Cells: Basic Regulatory Mechanisms and Implications for the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Osteoporosis*. Endocrine Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1210/edrv.21.2.0395

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