The DOI matches its Crossref record; 67 of the 67 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The scientific and clinical basis for the treatment of Parkinson disease (2009)
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder that affects as many as 1-2% of persons aged 60 years and older. With the aging of the population, the frequency of PD is expected to increase dramatically in the coming decades. Current therapy is largely based on a dopamine replacement strategy, primarily using the dopamine precursor levodopa. However, chronic treatment is associated with the development of motor complications, and the disease is inexorably progressive. Further, advancing disease is associated with the emergence of features such as freezing, falling, and dementia which are not adequately controlled with dopaminergic therapies. Indeed, it is now appreciated that these nondopaminergic features are common and the major source of disability for patients with advanced disease. Many different therapeutic agents and treatment strategies have been evaluated over the past several years to try and address these unmet medical needs, and many promising approaches are currently being tested in the laboratory and in the clinic. As a result, there are now many new therapies and strategic approaches available for the treatment of the different stages of PD, with which the treating physician must be familiar in order to provide patients with optimal care. This monograph provides an overview of the management of PD patients, with an emphasis on pathophysiology, and the results of recent clinical trials. It is intended to provide physicians with an understanding of the different treatment options that are available for managing the different stages of the disease and the scientific rationale of the different approaches.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 · Cited by 88,282
A New Method for Measuring Daytime Sleepiness: The Epworth Sleepiness Scale
Johns, M. W. (1991) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/14.6.540 · Cited by 17,364
Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson’s disease
Braak, H., Tredici, K. D., Rüb, U., de Vos, R. A. I., Jansen Steur, E. N. H., & Braak, E. (2003) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(02)00065-9 · Cited by 10,777
Mutation in the α-Synuclein Gene Identified in Families with Parkinson's Disease
Polymeropoulos, M. H., Lavedan, C., Leroy, E., Ide, S. E., Dehejia, A., Dutra, A., Pike, B., Root, H., Rubenstein, J., Boyer, R., et al. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.276.5321.2045 · Cited by 8,240
Diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies: Third report of the DLB consortium
McKeith, I. G., Dickson, D. W., Lowe, J., Emre, M., O'Brien, J. T., Feldman, H., Cummings, J., Duda, J. E., Lippa, C., Perry, E. K., et al. (2005) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000187889.17253.b1 · Cited by 5,069
Gage, F. H. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.287.5457.1433 · Cited by 4,786
Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease
de Lau, L. M., & Breteler, M. M. (2006) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(06)70471-9 · Cited by 4,110
Hereditary Early-Onset Parkinson's Disease Caused by Mutations in PINK1
Valente, E. M., Abou-Sleiman, P. M., Caputo, V., Muqit, M. M. K., Harvey, K., Gispert, S., Ali, Z., Del Turco, D., Bentivoglio, A. R., Healy, D. G., et al. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1096284 · Cited by 3,481
Clinical diagnostic criteria for dementia associated with Parkinson’s disease
Emre, M., Aarsland, D., Brown, R., Burn, D. J., Duyckaerts, C., Mizuno, Y., Broe, G. A., Cummings, J., Dickson, D. W., Gauthier, S., et al. (2007) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.21507 · Cited by 3,027
Stages in the development of Parkinson’s disease-related pathology
Braak, H., Ghebremedhin, E., Rüb, U., Bratzke, H., & Del Tredici, K. (2004) · Cell and Tissue Research · doi:10.1007/s00441-004-0956-9 · Cited by 2,689
Litvan, I., Agid, Y., Calne, D., Campbell, G., Dubois, B., Duvoisin, R. C., Goetz, C. G., Golbe, L. I., Grafman, J., Growdon, J. H., et al. (1996) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.47.1.1 · Cited by 2,538
Transplantation of Embryonic Dopamine Neurons for Severe Parkinson's Disease
Freed, C. R., Greene, P. E., Breeze, R. E., Tsai, W.-Y., DuMouchel, W., Kao, R., Dillon, S., Winfield, H., Culver, S., Trojanowski, J. Q., et al. (2001) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200103083441002 · Cited by 2,366
Mitochondrial Complex I Deficiency in Parkinson's Disease
Schapira, A. H. V., Cooper, J. M., Dexter, D., Clark, J. B., Jenner, P., & Marsden, C. D. (1990) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb02325.x · Cited by 2,283
Oral Sildenafil in the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction
Goldstein, I., Lue, T. F., Padma-Nathan, H., Rosen, R. C., Steers, W. D., & Wicker, P. A. (1998) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199805143382001 · Cited by 2,120
α-synuclein locus duplication as a cause of familial Parkinson's disease
Chartier-Harlin, M.-C., Kachergus, J., Roumier, C., Mouroux, V., Douay, X., Lincoln, S., Levecque, C., Larvor, L., Andrieux, J., Hulihan, M., et al. (2004) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(04)17103-1 · Cited by 2,029
Familial Parkinson disease gene product, parkin, is a ubiquitin-protein ligase
Shimura, H., Hattori, N., Kubo, S.-I., Mizuno, Y., Asakawa, S., Minoshima, S., Shimizu, N., Iwai, K., Chiba, T., Tanaka, K., et al. (2000) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/77060 · Cited by 2,024
Li, J.-Y., Englund, E., Holton, J. L., Soulet, D., Hagell, P., Lees, A. J., Lashley, T., Quinn, N. P., Rehncrona, S., Björklund, A., et al. (2008) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1746 · Cited by 1,845
Drosophila pink1 is required for mitochondrial function and interacts genetically with parkin
Clark, I. E., Dodson, M. W., Jiang, C., Cao, J. H., Huh, J. R., Seol, J. H., Yoo, S. J., Hay, B. A., & Guo, M. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04779 · Cited by 1,788
Lewy body–like pathology in long-term embryonic nigral transplants in Parkinson's disease
Kordower, J. H., Chu, Y., Hauser, R. A., Freeman, T. B., & Olanow, C. W. (2008) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1747 · Cited by 1,722
Self-citationMitochondrial dysfunction in Drosophila PINK1 mutants is complemented by parkin
Park, J., Lee, S. B., Lee, S., Kim, Y., Song, S., Kim, S., Bae, E., Kim, J., Shong, M., Kim, J.-M., et al. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04788 · Cited by 1,705
Rascol, O., Brooks, D. J., Korczyn, A. D., De Deyn, P. P., Clarke, C. E., & Lang, A. E. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200005183422004 · Cited by 1,539
Hughes, A. J., Ben-Shlomo, Y., Daniel, S. E., & Lees, A. J. (1992) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.42.6.1142 · Cited by 1,313
Direct brain infusion of glial cell line–derived neurotrophic factor in Parkinson disease
Gill, S. S., Patel, N. K., Hotton, G. R., O'Sullivan, K., McCarter, R., Bunnage, M., Brooks, D. J., Svendsen, C. N., & Heywood, P. (2003) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm850 · Cited by 1,290
Chaperone Suppression of α-Synuclein Toxicity in a Drosophila Model for Parkinson's Disease
Auluck, P. K., Chan, H. Y. E., Trojanowski, J. Q., Lee, V. M.-Y., & Bonini, N. M. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1067389 · Cited by 1,227
Ramirez, A., Heimbach, A., Gründemann, J., Stiller, B., Hampshire, D., Cid, L. P., Goebel, I., Mubaidin, A. F., Wriekat, A.-L., Roeper, J., et al. (2006) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng1884 · Cited by 1,208
Floresco, S. B., West, A. R., Ash, B., Moore, H., & Grace, A. A. (2003) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1103 · Cited by 1,106
Chaudhuri, K. R., Martinez‐Martin, P., Schapira, A. H. V., Stocchi, F., Sethi, K., Odin, P., Brown, R. G., Koller, W., Barone, P., MacPhee, G., et al. (2006) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.20844 · Cited by 1,100
Self-citationSydney multicenter study of Parkinson's disease: Non‐L‐dopa–responsive problems dominate at 15 years
Hely, M. A., Morris, J. G. L., Reid, W. G. J., & Trafficante, R. (2005) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.20324 · Cited by 1,050
Cognitive profile of patients with newly diagnosed Parkinson disease
Muslimović, D., Post, B., Speelman, J. D., & Schmand, B. (2005) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000180516.69442.95 · Cited by 1,007
Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation: Summary and meta-analysis of outcomes
Kleiner-Fisman, G., Herzog, J., Fisman, D. N., Tamma, F., Lyons, K. E., Pahwa, R., Lang, A. E., & Deuschl, G. (2006) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.20962 · Cited by 957
Functional recovery in parkinsonian monkeys treated with GDNF
Gash, D. M., Zhang, Z., Ovadia, A., Cass, W. A., Yi, A., Simmerman, L., Russell, D., Martin, D., Lapchak, P. A., Collins, F., et al. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/380252a0 · Cited by 955
The oxidant stress hypothesis in Parkinson's disease: Evidence supporting it
Fahn, S., & Cohen, G. (1992) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410320616 · Cited by 927
Expanding insights of mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease
Abou-Sleiman, P. M., Muqit, M. M. K., & Wood, N. W. (2006) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1868 · Cited by 869
Cueing training in the home improves gait-related mobility in Parkinson's disease: the RESCUE trial
Nieuwboer, A., Kwakkel, G., Rochester, L., Jones, D., van Wegen, E., Willems, A. M., Chavret, F., Hetherington, V, Baker, K., & Lim, I. (2007) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.200x.097923 · Cited by 857
Loss of bidirectional striatal synaptic plasticity in L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia
Picconi, B., Centonze, D., Håkansson, K., Bernardi, G., Greengard, P., Fisone, G., Cenci, M. A., & Calabresi, P. (2003) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1040 · Cited by 821
A meta‐analysis of coffee drinking, cigarette smoking, and the risk of Parkinson's disease
Hernán, M. A., Takkouche, B., Caamaño‐Isorna, F., & Gestal‐Otero, J. J. (2002) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.10277 · Cited by 818
Yang, Y., Gehrke, S., Imai, Y., Huang, Z., Ouyang, Y., Wang, J.-W., Yang, L., Beal, M. F., Vogel, H., & Lu, B. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0602493103 · Cited by 798
Association of coffee and caffeine intake with the risk of Parkinson disease
Ross, G. W. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.283.20.2674 · Cited by 778
Neurturin, a relative of glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor
Kotzbauer, P. T., Lampe, P. A., Heuckeroth, R. O., Golden, J. P., Creedon, D. J., Johnson Jr, E. M., & Milbrandt, J. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/384467a0 · Cited by 710
Non-recognition of depression and other non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease
Shulman, L. M., Taback, R. L., Rabinstein, A. A., & Weiner, W. J. (2002) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/s1353-8020(01)00015-3 · Cited by 695
Association of dopamine agonist use with impulse control disorders in Parkinson disease
Weintraub, D., Siderowf, A. D., Potenza, M. N., Goveas, J., Morales, K. H., Duda, J. E., Moberg, P. J., & Stern, M. B. (2006) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.63.7.969 · Cited by 662
Self-citationNonmotor fluctuations in Parkinson’s disease: Frequent and disabling
Witjas, T., Kaphan, E., Azulay, J. P., Blin, O., Ceccaldi, M., Pouget, J., Poncet, M., & Chérif, A. A. (2002) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.59.3.408 · Cited by 642
Strength is a major factor in balance, gait, and the occurrence of falls
Fukagawa, N. K., Wolfson, L., Judge, J., Whipple, R., & King, M. (1995) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences · doi:10.1093/gerona/50a.special_issue.64 · Cited by 617
Mutations in the Glucocerebrosidase Gene and Parkinson's Disease in Ashkenazi Jews
Aharon-Peretz, J., Rosenbaum, H., & Gershoni-Baruch, R. (2004) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa033277 · Cited by 597
Marks, W. J., Ostrem, J. L., Verhagen, L., Starr, P. A., Larson, P. S., Bakay, R. A., Taylor, R., Cahn-Weiner, D. A., Stoessl, A. J., Olanow, C. W., et al. (2008) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(08)70065-6 · Cited by 596
Self-citationEndogenous nicotinic cholinergic activity regulates dopamine release in the striatum
Zhou, F.-M., Liang, Y., & Dani, J. A. (2001) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn769 · Cited by 585
Treatment of Men with Erectile Dysfunction with Transurethral Alprostadil
Padma-Nathan, H., Hellstrom, W. J. G., Kaiser, F. E., Labasky, R. F., Lue, T. F., Nolten, W. E., Norwood, P. C., Peterson, C. A., Shabsigh, R., Tam, P. Y., et al. (1997) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199701023360101 · Cited by 574
Pathological Gambling Caused by Drugs Used to Treat Parkinson Disease
Dodd, M. L., Klos, K. J., Bower, J. H., Geda, Y. E., Josephs, K. A., & Ahlskog, J. E. (2005) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.62.9.noc50009 · Cited by 563
(2004) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.61.7.1044 · Cited by 561
Parkinson's disease: the presence of Lewy bodies in Auerbach's and Meissner's plexuses
Wakabayashi, K., Takahashi, H., Takeda, S., Ohama, E., & Ikuta, F. (1988) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00687767 · Cited by 528
Intensive voice treatment (LSVT(R)) for patients with Parkinson's disease: a 2 year follow up
Ramig, L. O. (2001) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.71.4.493 · Cited by 481
Drugs and Valvular Heart Disease
Roth, B. L. (2007) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmp068265 · Cited by 479
An fMRI Stroop Task Study of Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortical Function in Pathological Gamblers
Potenza, M. N., Leung, H.-C., Blumberg, H. P., Peterson, B. S., Fulbright, R. K., Lacadie, C. M., Skudlarski, P., & Gore, J. C. (2003) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.1990 · Cited by 400
Bohnen, N. I., Kaufer, D. I., Hendrickson, R., Ivanco, L. S., Lopresti, B. J., Constantine, G. M., Mathis, C. A., Davis, J. G., Moore, R. Y., & DeKosky, S. T. (2006) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-005-0971-0 · Cited by 364
Restoration of normal motor control in Parkinson’s disease during REM sleep
De Cock, V. C., Vidailhet, M., Leu, S., Texeira, A., Apartis, E., Elbaz, A., Roze, E., Willer, J. C., Derenne, J. P., Agid, Y., et al. (2007) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awl363 · Cited by 321
Miyai, I., Fujimoto, Y., Yamamoto, H., Ueda, Y., Saito, T., Nozaki, S., & Kang, J. (2002) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1053/apmr.2002.34603 · Cited by 284
Excitotoxicity and nitric oxide in parkinson's disease pathogenesis
Beal, M. F. (1998) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410440716 · Cited by 283
Matsuoka, Y., Vila, M., Lincoln, S., McCormack, A., Picciano, M., LaFrancois, J., Yu, X., Dickson, D., Langston, W. J., McGowan, E., et al. (2001) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1006/nbdi.2001.0392 · Cited by 281
Ellis, T., de Goede, C. J., Feldman, R. G., Wolters, E. C., Kwakkel, G., & Wagenaar, R. C. (2005) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2004.08.008 · Cited by 242
Bioenergetic approaches for neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease
Beal, M. F. (2003) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.10479 · Cited by 236
Increased Alzheimer pathology in Parkinson's disease related to antimuscarinic drugs
Perry, E. K., Kilford, L., Lees, A. J., Burn, D. J., & Perry, R. H. (2003) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.10639 · Cited by 231
Storch, A. (2007) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.64.7.nct60005 · Cited by 205
Antidepressant studies in Parkinson's disease: A review and meta‐analysis
Weintraub, D., Morales, K. H., Moberg, P. J., Bilker, W. B., Balderston, C., Duda, J. E., Katz, I. R., & Stern, M. B. (2005) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.20555 · Cited by 191
Self-citationSleepiness in Parkinson's disease: A controlled study
Brodsky, M. A., Godbold, J., Roth, T., & Olanow, C. W. (2003) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.10429 · Cited by 169
Self-citationSleep Disruption in Parkinson's Disease: Assessment by Continuous Activity Monitoring
van Hilten, B. (1994) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1994.00540210094018 · Cited by 166
Crossman, A. R., Mitchell, I. J., & Sambrook, M. A. (1985) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/0028-3908(85)90070-x · Cited by 121
Porter, B., Macfarlane, R., & Walker, R. (2008) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.2007.01998.x · Cited by 92
Cited by
Olanow, C. W., Kieburtz, K., Odin, P., Espay, A. J., Standaert, D. G., Fernandez, H. H., Vanagunas, A., Othman, A. A., Widnell, K. L., Robieson, W. Z., et al. (2014) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(13)70293-x · Cited by 716
Self-citationQuantitative wearable sensors for objective assessment of Parkinson's disease
Maetzler, W., Domingos, J., Srulijes, K., Ferreira, J. J., & Bloem, B. R. (2013) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.25628 · Cited by 374
A Progressive Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease: The Thy1-aSyn (“Line 61”) Mice
Chesselet, M.-F., Richter, F., Zhu, C., Magen, I., Watson, M. B., & Subramaniam, S. R. (2012) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-012-0104-2 · Cited by 346
Polinski, N. K., Volpicelli-Daley, L. A., Sortwell, C. E., Luk, K. C., Cremades, N., Gottler, L. M., Froula, J., Duffy, M. F., Lee, V. M. Y., Martinez, T. N., et al. (2018) · Journal of Parkinson’s Disease · doi:10.3233/jpd-171248 · Cited by 288
Are synucleinopathies prion-like disorders?
Angot, E., Steiner, J. A., Hansen, C., Li, J.-Y., & Brundin, P. (2010) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(10)70213-1 · Cited by 251
Metadata
- Authors
- Olanow, C. W., Stern, M. B., & Sethi, K.
- Venue
- Neurology
- Published
- 2009-05-26
- Volume
- 72
- Issue
- 21_supplement_4
- Pages
- S1-136
- ISSN
- 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-632X
- OpenAlex
- W2031740174
- Cited by
- 908
- References
- 67
- FWCI
- 33.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
