Cited by 142Neural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesPsychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending

Risky Decisions and Their Consequences: Neural Processing by Boys with Antisocial Substance Disorder

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Crowley, Thomas J., Dalwani, Manish S., Mikulich-Gilbertson, Susan K., Du, Yiping P., Lejuez, Carl W., Raymond, Kristen M., Banich, Marie T.·2010·PLoS ONE

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Adolescents with conduct and substance problems ("Antisocial Substance Disorder" (ASD)) repeatedly engage in risky antisocial and drug-using behaviors. We hypothesized that, during processing of risky decisions and resulting rewards and punishments, brain activation would differ between abstinent ASD boys and comparison boys. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We compared 20 abstinent adolescent male patients in treatment for ASD with 20 community controls, examining rapid event-related blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) responses during functional magnetic resonance imaging. In 90 decision trials participants chose to make either a cautious response that earned one cent, or a risky response that would either gain 5 cents or lose 10 cents; odds of losing increased as the game progressed. We also examined those times when subjects experienced wins, or separately losses, from their risky choices. We contrasted decision trials against very similar comparison trials requiring no decisions, using whole-brain BOLD-response analyses of group differences, corrected for multiple comparisons. During decision-making ASD boys showed hypoactivation in numerous brain regions robustly activated by controls, including orbitofrontal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices, anterior cingulate, basal ganglia, insula, amygdala, hippocampus, and cerebellum. While experiencing wins, ASD boys had significantly less activity than controls in anterior cingulate, temporal regions, and cerebellum, with more activity nowhere. During losses ASD boys had significantly more activity than controls in orbitofrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, brain stem, and cerebellum, with less activity nowhere. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Adolescent boys with ASD had extensive neural hypoactivity during risky decision-making, coupled with decreased activity during reward and increased activity during loss. These neural patterns may underlie the dangerous, excessive, sustained risk-taking of such boys. The findings suggest that the dysphoria, reward insensitivity, and suppressed neural activity observed among older addicted persons also characterize youths early in the development of substance use disorders.

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. [4]Crowley TJ Gelhorn H 2010 Antisocial drug dependence. Koob G Le Moal M Thompson R in chief, Encyclopedia of Behavioral Neuroscience. Amsterdam Elsevier Press 1816
  2. [16]American Psychiatric Association 2000 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th Edition, Text Revision Washington, DC American Psychiatric Press

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Authors
Crowley, T. J., Dalwani, M. S., Mikulich-Gilbertson, S. K., Du, Y. P., Lejuez, C. W., Raymond, K. M., & Banich, M. T.
Affiliations
  • University of Colorado Denver (US)
  • University of Maryland, College Park (US)
  • University of Colorado Boulder (US)
Corresponding author
Crowley, Thomas J.
Venue
PLoS ONE
Published
2010-09-22
Volume
5
Issue
9
Pages
e12835
ISSN
1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2121848896
Cited by
142
References
93
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 6
FWCI
5.22
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • KU ScholarWorks (The University of Kansas) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
  • U.S. Public Health Service (011015)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (P60DA011015, DA009842, R37DA009842, R01DA009842)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
Keywords
risky decision making, adolescent boys, substance use disorders, conduct disorder, reward processing, punishment processing, orbitofrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, cerebellum, brainstem, risk-taking
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Antisocial Personality Disorder, Brain, Brain Mapping, Decision Making, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Risk-Taking, Substance-Related Disorders, Young Adult

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