Cited by 321Cell death mechanisms and regulationUbiquitin and proteasome pathwaysNF-κB Signaling Pathways

CYLD Deubiquitinates RIP1 in the TNFα-Induced Necrosome to Facilitate Kinase Activation and Programmed Necrosis

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Moquin, David M., McQuade, Thomas, Chan, Francis Ka-Ming·2013·PLoS ONE

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Necroptosis/programmed necrosis is initiated by a macro-molecular protein complex termed the necrosome. Receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1/RIP1) and RIP3 are key components of the necrosome. TNFα is a prototypic inducer of necrosome activation, and it is widely believed that deubiquitination of RIP1 at the TNFR-1 signaling complex precedes transition of RIP1 into the cytosol where it forms the RIP1-RIP3 necrosome. Cylindromatosis (CYLD) is believed to promote programmed necrosis by facilitating RIP1 deubiquitination at this membrane receptor complex. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We demonstrate that RIP1 is indeed the primary target of CYLD in TNFα-induced programmed necrosis. We observed that CYLD does not regulate RIP1 ubiquitination at the TNF receptor. TNF and zVAD-induced programmed necrosis was highly attenuated in CYLD(-/-) cells. However, in the presence of cycloheximide or SMAC mimetics, programmed necrosis was only moderately reduced in CYLD(-/-) cells. Under the latter conditions, RIP1-RIP3 necrosome formation is only delayed, but not abolished in CYLD(-/-) cells. We further demonstrate that RIP1 within the NP-40 insoluble necrosome is ubiquitinated and that CYLD regulates RIP1 ubiquitination in this compartment. Hence, RIP1 ubiquitination in this late-forming complex is greatly increased in CYLD(-/-) cells. Increased RIP1 ubiquitination impairs RIP1 and RIP3 phosphorylation, a signature of kinase activation. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our results show that CYLD regulates RIP1 ubiquitination in the TNFα-induced necrosome, but not in the TNFR-1 signaling complex. In cells sensitized to programmed necrosis with SMAC mimetics, CYLD is not essential for necrosome assembly. Since SMAC mimetics induces the loss of the E3 ligases cIAP1 and cIAP2, reduced RIP1 ubiquitination could lead to reduced requirement for CYLD to remove ubiquitin chains from RIP1 in the TNFR-1 complex. As increased RIP1 ubiquitination in the necrosome correlates with impaired RIP1 and RIP3 phosphorylation and function, these results suggest that CYLD controls RIP1 kinase activity during necrosome assembly.

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Authors
Moquin, D. M., McQuade, T., & Chan, F. K.-M.
Affiliations
University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (US)
Corresponding author
Chan, Francis Ka-Ming
Venue
PLoS ONE
Published
2013-10-02
Volume
8
Issue
10
Pages
e76841
ISSN
1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2060803227
Cited by
320
References
48
Citations by year
2026: 14 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 1
FWCI
12.55
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (NIH T32, AI083497)
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (T32 AI07349, R21AI088502, AI083497, AI088502, R01AI083497, T32AI007349)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › NF-κB Signaling Pathways
Keywords
CYLD, RIPK1, RIPK3, necrosome, necroptosis, TNF signaling, deubiquitination, ubiquitination, IAP antagonists, cIAP1, cIAP2, E3 ubiquitin ligase, zVAD
MeSH terms
Deubiquitinating Enzyme CYLD, Animals, Cycloheximide, Cysteine Endopeptidases, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Necrosis, Oligopeptides, Phosphorylation, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Signal Transduction, GTPase-Activating Proteins, Cell Line, Tumor, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I, Mice, Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Ubiquitination, Gene Knockdown Techniques

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