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Cited by 331Cardiovascular and exercise physiologyPhysical Activity and HealthSports Performance and Training

Where Does HIT Fit? An Examination of the Affective Response to High-Intensity Intervals in Comparison to Continuous Moderate- and Continuous Vigorous-Intensity Exercise in the Exercise Intensity-Affect Continuum

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Jung, Mary E., Bourne, Jessica E., Little, Jonathan P.·2014·PLoS ONE
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0114541PMC PMC4259348
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Abstract

Affect experienced during an exercise session is purported to predict future exercise behaviour. Compared to continuous moderate-intensity exercise (CMI), the affective response to continuous vigorous-intensity exercise (CVI) has consistently been shown to be more aversive. The affective response, and overall tolerability to high-intensity interval training (HIT), is less studied. To date, there has yet to be a comparison between HIT, CVI, and CMI. The purpose of this study was to compare the tolerability and affective responses during HIT to CVI and CMI. This study utilized a repeated measures, randomized, counter-balanced design. Forty-four participants visited the laboratory on four occasions. Baseline fitness testing was conducted to establish peak power output in Watts (W peak). Three subsequent visits involved a single bout of a) HIT, corresponding to 1-minute at ∼ 100% W peak and 1-minute at ∼ 20% W peak for 20 minutes, b) CMI, corresponding to ∼ 40% W peak for 40 minutes, and c) CVI, corresponding to ∼ 80% W peak for 20 minutes. The order of the sessions was randomized. Affective responses were measured before, during and after each session. Task self-efficacy, intentions, enjoyment and preference were measured after sessions. Participants reported greater enjoyment of HIT as compared to CMI and CVI, with over 50% of participants reporting a preference to engage in HIT as opposed to either CMI or CVI. HIT was considered more pleasurable than CVI after exercise, but less pleasurable than CMI at these times. Despite this participants reported being just as confident to engage in HIT as they were CMI, but less confident to engage in CVI. This study highlights the utility of HIT in inactive individuals, and suggests that it may be a viable alternative to traditionally prescribed continuous modalities of exercise for promoting self-efficacy and enjoyment of exercise.

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  • There is a certain level of accomplishment experienced during HIIT which is not apparent in MICT.

    “Third, there is a certain level of accomplishment that is experienced during HIIT which is not apparent in MICT [14].”

    From High-Intensity Interval Training Elicits Higher Enjoyment than Moderate Intensity Continuous Exercise (2017) · cites this paper as [14]

    The Discussion suggests that HIT’s intervals may provide successive positive accomplishments, but contrasts HIT with continuous vigorous exercise, not moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICT). It also presents this as a possibility rather than an observed difference. The Results report no significant difference in task self-efficacy between HIT and continuous moderate-intensity exercise. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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  • The intermittent nature of HIIT provides participants with multiple recovery intervals which may provide a break from less positive affective responses.

    “First, the intermittent nature of HIIT provides participants with multiple recovery intervals which may provide a “break” from less positive affective responses [14] which are seen with continuous exercise at supra-VT intensities.”

    From High-Intensity Interval Training Elicits Higher Enjoyment than Moderate Intensity Continuous Exercise (2017) · cites this paper as [14]

  • In untrained adults, HIIT was reported to be less pleasurable than MICT, but more than 50% of participants preferred it.

    “In untrained adults, HIIT was reported to be less pleasurable than MICT [14], but more than 50% of participants reported that they preferred it.”

    From High-Intensity Interval Training Elicits Higher Enjoyment than Moderate Intensity Continuous Exercise (2017) · cites this paper as [14]

  • HIIT has a lower metabolic perturbation than SIT.

    “However, the current study and related investigations ([12–14] incorporated HIIT which has a lower metabolic perturbation than SIT.”

    From High-Intensity Interval Training Elicits Higher Enjoyment than Moderate Intensity Continuous Exercise (2017) · cites this paper as [14]

    The Introduction describes this study’s HIT protocol and mentions a separate maximal-sprint study; the Methods compare HIT only with continuous exercise. Neither passage assesses metabolic perturbation or states that it is lower for HIIT than for SIT (searched: metabolic perturbation, sprint interval training). (LLM, conf=0.72)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • A majority of inactive adults (n = 44) prefer HIIT (62%) to MICT (20%) and high-intensity continuous training (3%) after experiencing a single bout of each type of exercise.

    “In fact, we have recently shown that a majority of inactive adults (n = 44) prefer HIIT (62%) to MICT (20%) and high-intensity continuous training (3%) after experiencing a single bout of each type of exercise [23].”

    From High-Intensity Interval Training as an Efficacious Alternative to Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training for Adults with Prediabetes (2015) · cites this paper as [23]

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. [42]Little JP, Gillen JB, Percival M, Safdar A, Tarnopolsky MA, et al (2011) Low-volume high-intensity interval training reduces hyperglycemia and increases muscle mitochondrial capacity in patients with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Applied Physiology 111: 1554– 1560. 21868679

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Authors
Jung, M. E., Bourne, J. E., & Little, J. P.
Affiliations
University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus (CA)
Corresponding author
Jung, Mary E.
ORCID
Venue
PLoS ONE
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published
2014-12-08
Volume
9
Issue
12
Pages
e114541
ISSN
1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0114541
PMC
PMC4259348
OpenAlex
W2029894473
Cited by
331
References
44
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 45 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 9
FWCI
40.98
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
Keywords
high-intensity interval training, exercise affect, exercise enjoyment, exercise self-efficacy, moderate-intensity continuous training, exercise preferences, peak power
MeSH terms
Adaptation, Physiological, Adult, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Oxygen Consumption, Physical Endurance, Task Performance and Analysis, Exercise, Cross-Over Studies, Resistance Training

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