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On the whereabouts of SARS-CoV-2 in the human body: A systematic review

Trypsteen, Wim, Van Cleemput, Jolien, Snippenberg, Willem van, Gerlo, Sarah, Vandekerckhove, Linos·2020·PLOS Pathogens
DOI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009037PMC PMC7679000
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Abstract

Since SARS-CoV-2 appeared in the human population, the scientific community has scrambled to gather as much information as possible to find good strategies for the containment and treatment of this pandemic virus. Here, we performed a systematic review of the current (pre)published SARS-CoV-2 literature with a focus on the evidence concerning SARS-CoV-2 distribution in human tissues and viral shedding in body fluids. In addition, this evidence is aligned with published ACE2 entry-receptor (single cell) expression data across the human body to construct a viral distribution and ACE2 receptor body map. We highlight the broad organotropism of SARS-CoV-2, as many studies identified viral components (RNA, proteins) in multiple organs, including the pharynx, trachea, lungs, blood, heart, vessels, intestines, brain, male genitals and kidneys. This also implicates the presence of viral components in various body fluids such as mucus, saliva, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, semen and breast milk. The main SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor, ACE2, is expressed at different levels in multiple tissues throughout the human body, but its expression levels do not always correspond with SARS-CoV-2 detection, indicating that there is a complex interplay between virus and host. Together, these data shed new light on the current view of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and lay the foundation for better diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 patients.

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  • Many human cell types expressing ACE2 in multiple organs can be infected by SARS-CoV-2, including (but not limited to) the lungs, heart, small intestine, and liver.

    “Many human cell types expressing ACE2 in multiple organs can be infected by SARS-CoV-2, including (but not limited to) the lungs, heart, small intestine, and liver45,46.”

    From The roles of APOBEC-mediated RNA editing in SARS-CoV-2 mutations, replication and fitness (2022) · cites this paper as [46]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Metadata

Authors
Trypsteen, W., Van Cleemput, J., Snippenberg, W. V., Gerlo, S., & Vandekerckhove, L.
ORCID
Venue
PLOS Pathogens
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published
2020-10-30
Volume
16
Issue
10
Pages
e1009037
ISSN
1553-7374
DOI
10.1371/journal.ppat.1009037
PMC
PMC7679000
Cited by
199
References
14
Language
en
Update notices
new_version (2020-11-20)
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)

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